2012年经济金融术语汉英对照表 Y-Z

会计考友

　　Y
　　养老基金 pension fund
　　一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation
　　一级市场 primary market
( y$ \* d( ]0 D" s/ y6 I　　应收未收利息 overdue interest 外语学习网
: \" r3 P: p& U; O7 ?% _　　银行网点 banking outlets
7 e4 E- m8 Z8 i- B& \3 ^, [+ v9 N! I　　赢利能力 profitability
' v: \: \: x5 W. n7 Q　　营业税 business tax
　　硬贷款（商业贷款） commercial loans
, F+ @& X" r( m　　用地审批 to grant land use right
　　有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate
　　证券投资 portfolio investment
  B6 C# ^8 e- f; F: L' y* U- t# j; f　　游资（热钱） hot money
　　有市场的产品 marketable products
- _# ~0 J* y- b* X, d　　有效供给 effective supply
: q/ ~: d8 D( q' J: R　　诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion
　　逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans
) _$ q- O+ F0 J1 l8 o# h1 B: C　　与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted
( ~5 V5 I) [0 N( w　　与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market
. g1 F+ F6 V9 U& d% |8 t# q　　预算外支出（收入） off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure（revenue）
6 \% z) g1 O- G9 b* U　　预调 pre-emptive adjustment
+ m2 a! {0 u7 J　　月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis
　　Z
　　再贷款 central bank lending
　　在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions
　　在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank
　　在途资金 fund in float
　　增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture
  ^- g! d, e1 |1 M. j　　增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum
　　增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures
' D- ^( \2 P! k' Z　　增长平稳 steady growth
　　增值税 value-added tax（VAT）
　　涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth
; \8 ^" q: h3 a% g% k/ b4 M　　账外账 concealed accounts
　　折旧 depreciation
2 N" ]; P6 {. }3 N& D　　整顿 retrenchment;consolidation
; O3 z/ g- e& U- d1 @# S　　政策工具 policy instrument
: y9 B3 U' D4 l0 u9 B1 f0 ^! P　　政策性业务 policy-related operations
, ~2 d% N2 u5 z) F7 Y! n! e$ V　　政策性银行 policy banks
　　政策组合 policy mix
+ @6 L- V4 z* A0 E　　政府干预 government intervention
4 v8 {9 V6 f$ {" H　　证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions
　　证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase
　　支付困难 payment difficulty
　　支付能力 payment capacity
　　直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments
　　间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions
/ @# X: I, c" h5 p　　职业道德 professional ethics
　　指令性措施 mandatory measures
　　指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan
; H+ y% }( E# R& d1 g　　制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy
# M( \! K- ^3 N5 O　　滞后影响 lagged effect
　　中介机构 intermediaries
* k" Z1 m6 \' e0 U- s　　中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities
& u3 X. }. {! y' a+ d: z4 _　　分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project
　　周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle
　　周转速度 velocity
　　主办银行 main bank
　　主权风险 sovereign risk
- y: v# J# j) o0 @  }! s" Y　　注册资本 registered capital
　　逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation
" j+ W" D* E, |0 C　　逐步取消 to phase out
% c; x" B! W- D　　抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition）
　　专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked
; m( I) n" I$ O. R/ V. F6 k　　转贷 on-lending
　　转轨经济 transition economy
　　转机 turnaround
, T2 M/ M7 P; g! v' ^　　转折关头 turning point
, \& y* B: b" T* }- T" S$ s　　准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit
5 }( x% Y! ^, |8 k6 a" H+ `2 w: o　　准货币 quasi-money
　　资本不足 under-capitalized
: f- o0 @8 `, u; j: l4 x2 H; e　　资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio
! T6 a: A4 R2 z" `9 A, }/ O& b/ ~2 r( @  h　　资本利润率 return on capital
　　资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility
, y0 `+ S7 Y3 O! {　　资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency
　　资产负债表 balance sheet
　　资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets
　　资产集中 asset concentration
　　资产贡献率 asset contribution factor
9 d9 y- h# y0 x　　资产利润率 return on assets （ROA）
: u* y. G- D$ ^　　资产质量 asset quality
　　资产组合 asset portfolio
　　资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost
　　资金到位 fully funded （project）
4 J3 c- \. o8 t4 w( m5 n: p6 R　　资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds
: Z: U( d1 Y3 X. x4 O　　资金利用率 fund utilization rate
　　资金缺口 financing gap
　　资金体外循环 financial disintermediation
. p  p% |* q% ?( {　　资金占压 funds tied up
3 V) i3 ^7 x7 `　　自筹投资项目 self-financed projects
　　自有资金 equity fund
　　综合国力 overall national strength（often measured by GDP）
, o6 L+ ?( w* A  S　　综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator
7 p: Y. s3 j6 t　　综合治理 comprehensive adjustment（retrenchment）;over-haul
　　总成交额 total contract value
　　总交易量 total amount of transactions
& M5 T* b: ]1 V- K. |& V, p' x　　总成本 total cost
　　最后贷款人 lender of last resort