经济金融术语 汉英对照表 Y-Z

会计考友

Y
5 S; d  h# p. k  \养老基金 pension fund
一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation
一级市场 primary market
应收未收利息 overdue interest 外语学习网
银行网点 banking outlets
+ q9 h4 m7 m! m, b) E赢利能力 profitability
营业税 business tax
硬贷款（商业贷款） commercial loans
用地审批 to grant land use right
有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate
' b2 V+ }1 `2 W+ g) d证券投资 portfolio investment
( J6 t' M1 ~" q$ l+ D$ T( Y6 ~游资（热钱） hot money
/ C5 x( O1 g8 w" k" |有市场的产品 marketable products
有效供给 effective supply
诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion
! \7 x, e  V3 N逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans
与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted
% Z8 a4 @2 z/ a3 K. K' u与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market
预算外支出（收入） off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure（revenue）
' ^6 ?: B6 g7 s8 C; v预调 pre-emptive adjustment
月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis
; H  J: N2 B; D7 \+ F
9 D2 `7 a: G/ M+ IZ
再贷款 central bank lending
在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions
在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank
在途资金 fund in float
增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture
增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum
) ~8 ]. W$ F$ c, J4 u增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures
增长平稳 steady growth
增值税 value-added tax（VAT）
0 N: }# O$ r% r; {9 \3 E8 d* q涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth
账外账 concealed accounts
折旧 depreciation
整顿 retrenchment;consolidation
1 H! y0 q4 X* v- }( J政策工具 policy instrument
政策性业务 policy-related operations
政策性银行 policy banks
政策组合 policy mix
政府干预 government intervention
8 @: g% u( C! t# ]# O- m1 Q证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions
6 G. b+ R! L- R" w: P) n- d6 Y证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase
3 S( V9 _# ^  o/ C5 f2 x2 d' V/ m+ w, }支付困难 payment difficulty
' k2 c, m. K: Y5 A% g支付能力 payment capacity
直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments
4 _3 y" Y5 p1 ~+ W* y9 f3 `$ `$ R间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions
" n, ~$ _6 @3 H3 d职业道德 professional ethics
指令性措施 mandatory measures
指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan
制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy
滞后影响 lagged effect
! x$ ?$ w: _. o; i中介机构 intermediaries
- O, c. t/ ~% `, o中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities
4 C; y' e6 m# a分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project
8 h0 _7 w% X" h: N- O" p- Z周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle
4 N7 ?& D$ g" v  g' A6 S" Z周转速度 velocity
1 a7 x3 [& V7 [5 @7 |4 g. ?6 D3 z主办银行 main bank
主权风险 sovereign risk
4 o1 _! r& J2 G, p注册资本 registered capital
5 V9 ?! C, o/ {" M, Z逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation
逐步取消 to phase out
9 T1 y4 K7 X5 m  s& ]) S0 Y抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition）
专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked
转贷 on-lending
转轨经济 transition economy
转机 turnaround
转折关头 turning point
  u% ~, P  W* A1 j$ d5 q/ ?准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit
& ^( ?  k- m# h: X4 l4 j" n/ _: y5 Q& s准货币 quasi-money
# ^8 @6 W+ S' s+ s; P资本不足 under-capitalized
资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio
0 `; S4 y4 Z( _( b7 p' O( Q资本利润率 return on capital
. k: z" V! w8 d) f资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility
" h2 u+ b( [4 Y' v: [资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency
资产负债表 balance sheet
资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets
资产集中 asset concentration
" z1 J2 S2 E9 \; `3 S$ M资产贡献率 asset contribution factor
4 Y4 P$ i( I) z1 O* B资产利润率 return on assets （ROA）
2 c9 u) J, T4 b2 K5 K: A资产质量 asset quality
) T1 h$ f3 o% A; Y资产组合 asset portfolio
资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost
9 Y" V7 J. Q5 u, {% h# f资金到位 fully funded （project）
资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds
% r  M1 r# y, X8 }7 g. Z: a资金利用率 fund utilization rate
资金缺口 financing gap
资金体外循环 financial disintermediation
9 x) a/ V( j( x7 D7 m, Q+ G资金占压 funds tied up
& H" s. ]( J& I: g! D/ g$ I自筹投资项目 self-financed projects
自有资金 equity fund
1 }! P+ X' ~( Q* L8 L  `/ r5 S! y6 y综合国力 overall national strength（often measured by GDP）
综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator
综合治理 comprehensive adjustment（retrenchment）;over-haul
总成交额 total contract value
7 i% B$ f9 Y2 x0 Y; _+ f总交易量 total amount of transactions
总成本 total cost
1 Q2 g* \1 j3 p最后贷款人 lender of last resort