经济金融术语 汉英对照表 Y-Z

会计考友

Y
* R" K" f2 R0 O$ |1 H: b养老基金 pension fund
一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation
一级市场 primary market
应收未收利息 overdue interest 外语学习网
银行网点 banking outlets
赢利能力 profitability
营业税 business tax
8 U8 O7 c& H$ X" b# V$ Q3 w" U硬贷款（商业贷款） commercial loans
- x! u0 ]+ j# B  N, L" G9 Z用地审批 to grant land use right
7 w- x% i& |/ o9 E# D有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate
& q2 S6 G6 g: K, R' r7 J6 H4 m证券投资 portfolio investment
) q' x; Z6 F) t/ C游资（热钱） hot money
有市场的产品 marketable products
  {+ L- J. F- w0 ^有效供给 effective supply
诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion
逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans
与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted
7 s0 z2 ]0 Q! P. r与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market
  d6 t& J! d0 R3 }) Z预算外支出（收入） off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure（revenue）
预调 pre-emptive adjustment
, ~+ r' M' Q  [3 P. G; w月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis
; t9 M; j0 p3 C0 J1 B" |
3 c/ e9 z! K) m! B/ K/ LZ
! Z! Y; z# |+ q3 J  Y& D" K, D再贷款 central bank lending
+ j  `, h, ?+ F; Y在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions
7 T# u2 a- t6 p  `& E; A2 R在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank
4 S) d$ x5 }5 ^& ^) y/ D在途资金 fund in float
+ u5 @$ ?5 y' F) Z% w3 \$ ~& L9 f增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture
增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum
增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures
. ~% U  J, M% g. ]0 y9 u3 n4 [增长平稳 steady growth
4 c7 P  h  |7 Y5 A- U! t5 i增值税 value-added tax（VAT）
0 A! C) Q# Q; I涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth
! Y+ n% j3 Q0 {& I0 @& e, m账外账 concealed accounts
5 Y1 h. ]. t/ v' `折旧 depreciation
9 ]! i2 U, q2 p) p* K+ o整顿 retrenchment;consolidation
政策工具 policy instrument
" Y  u9 z  m/ C6 g* i政策性业务 policy-related operations
( w* s$ q5 d' a政策性银行 policy banks
, g. z% P. s; P政策组合 policy mix
政府干预 government intervention
" ?# ?7 ?8 V3 o1 F6 n3 T% }证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions
  _% b* z# l7 q7 l9 |* V6 ?证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase
支付困难 payment difficulty
  V& s& \0 w# v0 ]支付能力 payment capacity
直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments
# Z; s4 i0 l$ c% i7 }4 K0 ^间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions
# l& E  l( w9 g2 M# [$ c' l2 ?9 W职业道德 professional ethics
指令性措施 mandatory measures
5 g; q1 Q* y$ L指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan
4 ~5 P  |6 V9 \; K4 V% \: E制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy
, K% x0 v) u* T滞后影响 lagged effect
中介机构 intermediaries
中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities
分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project
% D' w2 h: p1 N2 l3 i周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle
4 p7 u8 f" @7 t  ~0 p周转速度 velocity
主办银行 main bank
0 S5 A6 X$ \. Q- z- n5 L0 h3 h主权风险 sovereign risk
$ P1 J& l, R, w' Q4 y注册资本 registered capital
逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation
逐步取消 to phase out
* W! _/ E9 B* J, _+ c抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition）
! b% u- t, c( o# g6 p专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked
转贷 on-lending
" T* L6 J* p  U& J7 P$ k转轨经济 transition economy
1 |* P3 j- X7 r# X/ E# }9 \0 z转机 turnaround
' B' t: l6 N$ o0 N  q转折关头 turning point
! N2 ]/ u0 Q9 u6 p/ b5 \准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit
准货币 quasi-money
) ?- A$ @3 m: i资本不足 under-capitalized
' _6 u0 Q) C* D  l  a0 d. }8 b资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio
资本利润率 return on capital
+ B! L+ |4 r* \& J资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility
资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency
. `! c; C5 u; w$ M. r) C( p资产负债表 balance sheet
资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets
9 D+ a3 T! E4 P  i, B资产集中 asset concentration
资产贡献率 asset contribution factor
资产利润率 return on assets （ROA）
! Q" O& G1 D) {5 |# n6 R资产质量 asset quality
资产组合 asset portfolio
资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost
7 M6 V# A6 X. g7 Y资金到位 fully funded （project）
) S, F1 Y1 _4 o- C$ X* U0 Y  V资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds
/ |  l5 P$ k$ ~1 ~9 {* q( N0 i资金利用率 fund utilization rate
  f. E0 `+ m) I; T. }# j, b资金缺口 financing gap
资金体外循环 financial disintermediation
& {0 v. H9 E9 u1 O) }" y资金占压 funds tied up
自筹投资项目 self-financed projects
" F% Y: ^/ Z: g6 F& k& L/ N0 _$ P- T自有资金 equity fund
' w2 [6 G+ Y8 M" s2 a综合国力 overall national strength（often measured by GDP）
综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator
综合治理 comprehensive adjustment（retrenchment）;over-haul
总成交额 total contract value
总交易量 total amount of transactions
总成本 total cost
5 `8 z* X) U) Q. b( s. [最后贷款人 lender of last resort