The American Financial System (1)
# [7 T/ z( [; J) v9 I) x 美国金融制度(一)) C4 c1 O& T2 S5 d
Situation 6) k7 f! M9 ?: l. p7 s. e
情景 6
' I( k6 i( d8 ]! B/ R% f! ^ Iwao Tanaka ,making his first business trip to the United States,is talking to an American banker about the financial and monetary system of the U.S.0 Y, j' }7 r1 M' C7 Z* c; V9 |
田中岩夫第一次因公出差工到美国,他正在与美国的一位银行家谈到美国金融和货币制度。8 l* { G. ^8 ]
Tanaka:What is meant by the term Federal Reserve System ?Is that the central bank of the UnitedStates?/ E- ~! r+ p3 x' W: ^$ A
田 中:什么是美国联邦储蓄系统?它是美国的中央银行吗?+ h6 Z* e$ F+ q; k
Banker :Technically it is not ,Mr.Tanaka,but it functions in that capacity .. L% B" x/ `" C& ~6 s- c
银行家:从法律上讲,它不是,田中先生。但是它发挥了那样的作用。
3 l* w/ t& b$ _+ \! Q* s The Federal Reserve System ,or the Fed as it is usually called,is the fiscal agent of the United States.
4 a$ w5 y! A5 N X i6 w- }: E+ k 美国联邦储备系统即平常称之为“联邦”的是美国财政机构。4 E i0 l& ?- z+ b0 `
It has authority to issure notes which are the main currency of the country ,7 e7 P1 ^2 k7 y3 L4 P: W, d+ H
它有权发行作为国家主要货币的纸币,: [7 x" ^3 J9 D4 ]5 y, J
to control the money supply and to supervise banks and banking practices in the country .1 n# ?: z7 v; p4 T
有权控制货仙的供应量,并有权监督国内银行及银行业务活动。7 o0 T, s! `/ z# N2 c4 Q6 z
T;It’s owned by the government ,isn’t it ?
y6 f0 x! x7 r/ u1 g" M 田 中:它属于政府所有,是吗?
8 a0 T" k$ E' w# u$ P& A B:No ,it isn’t .Actually ,the Fed really consists of 12 banks which are owned by all the nationallychartered banks in their respective districts." Y( m+ x; F; Q
银行家:不是的。实际上,美国联邦储备系统包括十二家银行,这些银行都是由所在地区的国家立案银行掌握所有权。9 V! v/ ?- D" P$ e
But the supervisory board ,called the Board of Governors,is a government agency responsible tothe Congress.; ~. F- c! Z" C' S8 ^8 O5 ^- \: d! X( v
但是他被称为“总裁理事会”的具有监督作用的理事会是一个政府机构,它向国会负责。
) X$ j: a; [5 N* j T:What do you mean by nationally chartered banks?Don’t all banks have to have charters?8 O1 Z5 n; \, o6 k' q+ s; p
田 中:您所说的国家立案的银行是什么意思?难道不是所有的银行都必须立案吗?* H- p3 A2 ?5 K1 A
B:Yes,every bank must have a charter or license to do business .But we have a dual bankingsystem here in the United States.. r2 U0 t( e1 O* ?* I3 L
银行家:是的,每个银行都必须立案或者得到准许证才能营业。但是在美国,我们这里实行的是双重银行体制,* _7 @* j" U' g3 S! x4 d7 v, S `2 t
That means some banks are licensed by the Federal government and some by individual states.
, \1 b3 ~" u6 h$ y6 Z* {0 U7 P& d 就是说,有些银行是由联邦政府签发的准许证,而有些则是各个州签发的。
4 h+ v: H2 {7 N" I+ L W There are approximately 5,000 national banks and 10,000 state banks in the country .
# J; m q/ B) ] 在美国大约有5000所国立银行和10000所州立银行。; q. @8 y" ~0 I: b& l b' f
T:Are they all supervised by the Fed?8 K. j( V. x& J5 f7 w
田 中:这些银行受美国联邦储备系统监督吗?8 \1 f( L' k- Q; i8 M
B:Only the national banks are .. s! X8 R' E M" ~4 r9 _
银行家:不,只有国立银行是这样的。 |