银行业务：银行贷款与贴现(词汇详解)

会计考友

　　Notes
- w5 [' B, Z' m# K7 ?3 q$ w　　1.Banks provide most of the credit our economy needs by making loans to enterprises, individuals and governments.银行通过向企业、个人和政府发放贷款，提供我国国民经济所需的大部分信贷资金。
　　(1)(credit) our economy needs我国国民经济所需的（信贷资金）
5 M3 x: M+ j$ c- Z% A* F2 t: |　　此句为定语从句，省略了关系代词which，修饰前面的先行词credit。
# h6 }/ t0 ^$ Q! P$ {　　(2)economy n.①the system or range of economic activity in a country, region, or community经济体：国家、地区或群体的经济活动体系和范围
; e5 n" H& i% x" s  L3 M　　例：Effects of inflation were felt at every level of the economy.
　　通货膨胀影响到每一经济阶层
　　②a specific type of economic system经济制度：特定经济体系类型
　　例：an industrial economy; a planned economy.
* n$ H4 l& o- u0 i. }　　工业经济体制；计划经济体制
! @+ [  g' ~# S% r1 k( ~4 x4 R5 q　　(3)by making loans to enterprises, individuals and governments是介词短语，在句中做状语。
1 t6 j2 J$ o/ [8 ]- G3 Y1 t　　by prep. with the use or help of; through借助于；通过
　　(4)making (loans to…)是动名词，做介词by的宾语。
: P; y! \7 ^# w8 K8 {　　2.The interest that borrowers pay for their loans or for their notes discounted forms the major source of banks' income.借款人支付贷款或贴现票据的利息形成了银行主要收入的来源。
! K' W. u4 \: H8 i　　(1)(interest) that borrowers pay for their loans or for their notes discounted是定语从句，修饰前面的先行词interest。
　　(2)(notes) discounted是过去分词，做后置定语，修饰前面的notes。
5 l; b: Z8 j2 v! U( \% I; Z　　discount vi.to lend money after deduction of interest贴现；减息贷款：在扣除利息后贷款
　　(3)form vt.to constitute or compose a usually basic element, part, or characteristic of"构成成"，在句中做"谓语"。