2012年经济金融术语汉英对照表 Y--Z

会计考友

　　Y
　　养老基金 pension fund
　　一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation
% Q- ^! B. U9 @$ ~: a  Y　　一级市场 primary market
/ C6 k; y6 r3 ^　　应收未收利息 overdue interest 外语学习网
3 Z2 N' D6 `2 O: e8 {1 i　　银行网点 banking outlets
　　赢利能力 profitability
0 z) \0 L. o1 \2 w4 z　　营业税 business tax
- {$ m2 `- N4 u3 X7 j0 ^9 c! }* P　　硬贷款（商业贷款） commercial loans
　　用地审批 to grant land use right
/ {- q  Z5 }! M　　有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate
) X/ e( G3 u5 u6 k3 K　　证券投资 portfolio investment
　　游资（热钱） hot money
　　有市场的产品 marketable products
8 X. h' m% P6 T# `# R　　有效供给 effective supply
　　诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion
　　逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans
　　与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted
- T; d3 }" O6 f( h3 k* Y2 ?　　与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market
　　预算外支出（收入） off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure（revenue）
- P' |" H9 f; H3 j7 D0 |( V　　预调 pre-emptive adjustment
6 I& B) [+ Z6 d* r. Y, [　　月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis
* y# x0 Z7 j6 X$ `2 J( L　　Z
　　再贷款 central bank lending
8 K4 r( w$ q" ~. v2 H; u2 g　　在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions
3 r1 A7 }; N& R( R5 B　　在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank
　　在途资金 fund in float
　　增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture
$ c: \+ n, s2 S9 K9 w/ x+ |2 M　　增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum
1 F+ u5 j: x4 w" @  u3 k* h　　增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures
8 A/ q* o5 Q2 {! y$ z' |　　增长平稳 steady growth
　　增值税 value-added tax（VAT）
+ h( I8 F' g; c, ?: F3 U1 b" l( Y" ?) p　　涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth
　　账外账 concealed accounts
　　折旧 depreciation
　　整顿 retrenchment;consolidation
　　政策工具 policy instrument
　　政策性业务 policy-related operations
　　政策性银行 policy banks
　　政策组合 policy mix
2 w  J, g9 C; {3 n$ m6 ]. ?* l　　政府干预 government intervention
　　证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions
　　证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase
　　支付困难 payment difficulty
0 l4 N8 G8 o# F  w　　支付能力 payment capacity
- \4 A4 e" Z* J- }2 e　　直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments
: s0 b7 _& |8 f* V' ?  Q: ~　　间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions
　　职业道德 professional ethics
6 r7 @, f( d& F% W9 |$ Z( P　　指令性措施 mandatory measures
　　指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan
　　制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy
: f8 ]& o5 T" k. ]0 Q　　滞后影响 lagged effect
　　中介机构 intermediaries
　　中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities
　　分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project
1 ?3 f( g; J$ @# ^* [　　周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle
　　周转速度 velocity
　　主办银行 main bank
% O" O3 A0 b* s; }, s" V: M5 S　　主权风险 sovereign risk
$ W# a1 i' P8 X/ E( ^+ F　　注册资本 registered capital
　　逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation
　　逐步取消 to phase out
　　抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition）
　　专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked
　　转贷 on-lending
$ \+ n0 D. `/ c　　转轨经济 transition economy
2 N9 w" m0 J$ p1 l# ?! S　　转机 turnaround
　　转折关头 turning point
　　准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit
　　准货币 quasi-money
　　资本不足 under-capitalized
　　资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio
　　资本利润率 return on capital
# R. i2 W' y, }  d* M　　资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility
) |% `# M: z+ E! A) _　　资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency
　　资产负债表 balance sheet
& n* \0 v3 \" H　　资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets
　　资产集中 asset concentration
7 G: j7 @/ \* Y& x9 I. q  b* p　　资产贡献率 asset contribution factor
　　资产利润率 return on assets （ROA）
0 m0 i! y9 l$ f2 W5 j9 ~( }　　资产质量 asset quality
　　资产组合 asset portfolio
　　资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost
　　资金到位 fully funded （project）
; W/ u) S9 z, n' @6 |　　资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds
6 ]" C$ f( k) j8 b* z3 o6 t9 o　　资金利用率 fund utilization rate
5 U7 Q4 B* N+ e　　资金缺口 financing gap
　　资金体外循环 financial disintermediation
　　资金占压 funds tied up
7 Z5 H8 h$ n9 A5 J* H; N& N　　自筹投资项目 self-financed projects
　　自有资金 equity fund
/ S8 _$ V& n! p/ R2 f3 K　　综合国力 overall national strength（often measured by GDP）
　　综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator
$ w# E6 |" t; F$ _4 X　　综合治理 comprehensive adjustment（retrenchment）;over-haul
　　总成交额 total contract value
. ?- L% _" m9 i0 X　　总交易量 total amount of transactions
　　总成本 total cost
1 w' v$ Z4 ?- C　　最后贷款人 lender of last resort