经济金融术语 汉英对照表 Y-Z

会计考友

Y
4 \2 J* f  E9 ]% n0 d$ a养老基金 pension fund
4 U1 z6 O# n, I9 p0 F0 A* W6 Y; N一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation
一级市场 primary market
应收未收利息 overdue interest 外语学习网
& K" I! V& y$ K4 ]& L: @$ R银行网点 banking outlets
0 X; Y0 U8 M/ N1 `1 _  z8 ?2 `赢利能力 profitability
% m7 F8 w7 M9 K) \: k9 W营业税 business tax
硬贷款（商业贷款） commercial loans
" q9 F4 z0 v  n7 v7 x/ }7 @用地审批 to grant land use right
有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate
证券投资 portfolio investment
0 q7 i- N# c/ u/ v2 @游资（热钱） hot money
有市场的产品 marketable products
' F1 z+ [' x" {1 m有效供给 effective supply
2 a1 M! E+ z2 n6 C; h) ]! }诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion
6 w; H& e3 x" F. y. S* R. Y' x  y4 @逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans
与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted
8 {+ w, }+ h$ C/ n7 X3 Y8 S0 B' p4 ~与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market
预算外支出（收入） off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure（revenue）
预调 pre-emptive adjustment
  |& l# N, g6 N+ @+ }6 `: X& v月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis
3 f" F  C5 b  ^
Z
再贷款 central bank lending
+ `1 }5 o0 h6 n在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions
' V! _: D* H# r在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank
. ^; z8 Y2 V: t& j6 j7 Y在途资金 fund in float
8 F& A" F% }* ]$ _3 x增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture
. T& p2 F  C2 n3 H" k- l/ e& v; Q7 D增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum
增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures
3 C8 T, b5 L9 m: H+ K6 r( L增长平稳 steady growth
8 C0 V6 }  A! }" B# V增值税 value-added tax（VAT）
0 c, q! f0 ]9 Z8 B- T7 D" T7 W3 W$ B涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth
账外账 concealed accounts
折旧 depreciation
8 h4 v% w* y2 s% C( O* b整顿 retrenchment;consolidation
政策工具 policy instrument
9 D9 ?( W' P5 o) q5 `8 t( `3 ?1 E政策性业务 policy-related operations
) ?& M, q5 \5 D. _  ]( f政策性银行 policy banks
, q8 {' `, }5 V9 q政策组合 policy mix
政府干预 government intervention
) D% |3 X' c, V) u" w" K证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions
证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase
- _. _8 a% R# P* d5 c, M支付困难 payment difficulty
支付能力 payment capacity
直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments
# Z- ~1 E. a" ]5 J  [1 |! C" g间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions
职业道德 professional ethics
1 w; j. s& `% z) x, O4 j指令性措施 mandatory measures
" z2 R4 r. p- C3 j2 t指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan
制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy
7 n% ~# U3 @" k# y: k; O滞后影响 lagged effect
& p% v+ m2 C% y3 |0 \$ W中介机构 intermediaries
9 z( W4 I8 w! N3 ]$ F/ ?中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities
+ N' K1 _- G# T6 w" S6 ^分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project
1 Z. R/ |- Y/ E  C2 B周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle
周转速度 velocity
, x9 x2 R( c3 p$ k9 y; R7 K' v主办银行 main bank
主权风险 sovereign risk
注册资本 registered capital
逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation
6 F- f% Y7 U! o% `6 G0 r0 G逐步取消 to phase out
0 m( {0 |* t2 ]7 _7 u5 W& j抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition）
$ I' K( @: v5 D# _* F5 E专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked
转贷 on-lending
转轨经济 transition economy
转机 turnaround
转折关头 turning point
准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit
准货币 quasi-money
资本不足 under-capitalized
资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio
) R4 F$ k9 }$ H资本利润率 return on capital
- z& P$ @- I4 ?" R) P% Z资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility
资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency
8 s& m% u# Y, n6 t( @, K$ k资产负债表 balance sheet
资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets
& W6 j% Q" }1 g9 D, Y! W8 i资产集中 asset concentration
0 w5 H. r6 |- n' ], N资产贡献率 asset contribution factor
资产利润率 return on assets （ROA）
' t. o& K! d+ K3 B+ l资产质量 asset quality
资产组合 asset portfolio
/ Q5 Q. v0 \7 S. {% J! u资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost
资金到位 fully funded （project）
资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds
, n& Q' x& i/ {# [' `0 O0 S资金利用率 fund utilization rate
6 a  I1 m) }- K0 S& w3 j9 F资金缺口 financing gap
# D! ]' c9 B: d: C- R* N, r; M资金体外循环 financial disintermediation
. n2 D) S. U5 V+ v. k. v5 s资金占压 funds tied up
1 N2 Z3 R: f2 I( s+ E& H自筹投资项目 self-financed projects
自有资金 equity fund
7 w1 T& T4 d( o- F$ Q综合国力 overall national strength（often measured by GDP）
& X! [/ k' ?; a2 |( v综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator
综合治理 comprehensive adjustment（retrenchment）;over-haul
总成交额 total contract value
9 K2 ~; s- [1 r$ C! n/ D7 s总交易量 total amount of transactions
总成本 total cost
9 w/ C0 G$ s1 G  j; ~最后贷款人 lender of last resort