经济金融术语 汉英对照表 Y-Z

会计考友

Y
: i4 _$ e6 C8 q1 l6 Y0 y5 C养老基金 pension fund
一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation
一级市场 primary market
* |% l3 v9 n4 j1 C! A应收未收利息 overdue interest 外语学习网
  }& c3 @* v6 g  K: W6 G银行网点 banking outlets
- v4 q* n+ e  [6 V. y6 I2 |0 p赢利能力 profitability
/ x/ W6 b) T( w0 f% j3 w' W营业税 business tax
0 `1 k1 G8 z) d- M  z* I2 h, _硬贷款（商业贷款） commercial loans
用地审批 to grant land use right
有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate
. ]. V2 g  j9 `' _证券投资 portfolio investment
( H. X. D. G0 C% O: ]游资（热钱） hot money
有市场的产品 marketable products
有效供给 effective supply
诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion
逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans
+ p$ v% H4 P% T% a$ U+ J) e与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted
与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market
预算外支出（收入） off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure（revenue）
7 j% h& _' N+ f8 V6 a% T& A/ K3 N6 n预调 pre-emptive adjustment
3 e! q1 h& L% I: F' B1 A月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis
% m0 c. I  E! M2 L4 q' u4 y% E
9 W" T; x' B5 p1 E) C; eZ
$ X+ F3 R$ m1 [7 B再贷款 central bank lending
; k; S. p  R& Y在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions
在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank
在途资金 fund in float
$ z( ?( r; V! i) m+ w1 X/ R增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture
0 X/ m) M' J: N: L增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum
增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures
7 Q* c# O8 P; k/ ]) R) v增长平稳 steady growth
增值税 value-added tax（VAT）
涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth
; b2 Z: T; Q- D" ~1 O账外账 concealed accounts
折旧 depreciation
整顿 retrenchment;consolidation
: B1 u7 O: T! k6 r. O政策工具 policy instrument
- ]. p8 v  q' [: @政策性业务 policy-related operations
7 B$ R, u% @3 }政策性银行 policy banks
3 r. h' }' Q4 A5 U# r政策组合 policy mix
政府干预 government intervention
证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions
' N1 C" U2 S4 U3 e# @7 x3 b证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase
支付困难 payment difficulty
支付能力 payment capacity
2 m& k. n; l0 w% d# i) h直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments
间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions
# ~- ?, S( J0 k( x: j/ O* g; B职业道德 professional ethics
  e: a5 }& z/ U- y4 k1 ~+ g指令性措施 mandatory measures
指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan
& \$ s4 f: x+ ?, z7 h) C制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy
+ g# f) t# e2 h0 k8 M; R9 e滞后影响 lagged effect
中介机构 intermediaries
- [' q) {0 Y7 c3 H% ]3 O中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities
. ~% w* V% Y' J" a分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project
# q7 H9 n# m, d% x) Z- A3 k) _4 h周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle
- d) q  w. z3 Q周转速度 velocity
- m0 e! {6 L+ g9 }0 A4 Q  n7 j主办银行 main bank
主权风险 sovereign risk
注册资本 registered capital
逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation
逐步取消 to phase out
. C/ j6 N: j4 |1 s& L% b( y, \抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition）
8 j7 o( ]9 z' n5 D. ?- k专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked
  \' u+ m! d4 q* H转贷 on-lending
( `( }9 k# B7 X# O, m7 ]' S! t. L转轨经济 transition economy
转机 turnaround
: x' q, E) r2 O1 o% j4 U, S转折关头 turning point
准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit
准货币 quasi-money
资本不足 under-capitalized
资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio
资本利润率 return on capital
  T% L" {; O" t) n  ~% w1 t0 V, Z资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility
资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency
7 Y- x1 h+ ]9 l* Z# M" b' K, ?+ `: x3 u资产负债表 balance sheet
资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets
0 S! O6 d- H1 t* H- D3 |资产集中 asset concentration
( F! D$ l" i5 g8 y% w8 [. m0 U资产贡献率 asset contribution factor
资产利润率 return on assets （ROA）
资产质量 asset quality
资产组合 asset portfolio
资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost
  l% A2 ?0 M- D2 }3 t, u' c资金到位 fully funded （project）
2 V5 a2 t% \% f. `资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds
0 M+ J9 B! o; ~& V. c+ B资金利用率 fund utilization rate
/ K: ?( G* k4 I/ X9 L资金缺口 financing gap
资金体外循环 financial disintermediation
资金占压 funds tied up
自筹投资项目 self-financed projects
2 V1 W8 Y, p2 ~( G自有资金 equity fund
; m" E- _" I1 Y8 Y, l综合国力 overall national strength（often measured by GDP）
& p) R! s3 C2 ?: T& ~0 }9 a9 X综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator
- E9 ?) \0 ~' @$ |) E5 n综合治理 comprehensive adjustment（retrenchment）;over-haul
, O3 _6 R5 F  |1 z" J. H总成交额 total contract value
- f$ X1 \# ?) D总交易量 total amount of transactions
0 k% d5 f, V7 B2 S) b/ A$ v总成本 total cost
最后贷款人 lender of last resort