经济金融术语 汉英对照表 Y-Z

会计考友

Y
: b7 z) g9 h6 f2 M* h3 @$ d7 x- n养老基金 pension fund
一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation
一级市场 primary market
应收未收利息 overdue interest 外语学习网
+ p" a7 z7 B3 {& \8 H# U2 [7 z: r银行网点 banking outlets
7 l0 M2 G2 u! P" Y0 k赢利能力 profitability
营业税 business tax
硬贷款（商业贷款） commercial loans
用地审批 to grant land use right
+ D: n# m. o; Y4 l9 `有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate
4 q" C' u; n! {' d0 u% Q4 Z' H证券投资 portfolio investment
. _8 c6 M: }6 }, F* w7 a- u* h' G0 d( c游资（热钱） hot money
, r& N3 m" b( m+ ?5 \+ `) @有市场的产品 marketable products
+ r1 K$ m" p" P2 R6 A0 Q有效供给 effective supply
4 I, C$ T9 z9 o/ u( h; p1 j1 \! f诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion
逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans
$ F$ h2 j' M& _, v; O- y与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted
3 P: C) j6 P3 U; H与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market
预算外支出（收入） off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure（revenue）
预调 pre-emptive adjustment
月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis

5 S/ U) t" r6 O2 TZ
再贷款 central bank lending
在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions
* ?: d4 c* g0 m在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank
! u1 Y3 s' R" E: u! |4 W% u1 J3 m在途资金 fund in float
2 |& ~0 c) J% [  k增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture
增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum
1 }# [: L. L: Z( m) ~) t0 b增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures
$ W* v6 e! v. N& {9 o: {增长平稳 steady growth
增值税 value-added tax（VAT）
涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth
账外账 concealed accounts
' U1 y3 O/ p$ O9 E1 B9 }+ n" t折旧 depreciation
% R+ c& z3 z7 H( T1 z2 c/ v- |4 y整顿 retrenchment;consolidation
, {# n/ K) M- F# @政策工具 policy instrument
政策性业务 policy-related operations
政策性银行 policy banks
) G! m& U& ~- U( f, J7 |政策组合 policy mix
政府干预 government intervention
6 `0 `% p- t$ v9 E证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions
证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase
支付困难 payment difficulty
" W5 M: q, I( v2 u; k& T; T; Y支付能力 payment capacity
直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments
间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions
职业道德 professional ethics
指令性措施 mandatory measures
指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan
制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy
. V1 A7 B/ ?9 k+ w滞后影响 lagged effect
中介机构 intermediaries
中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities
分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project
3 [9 x. r, `' V. c- S周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle
周转速度 velocity
: R! K5 h5 ]! Q3 E3 B- V主办银行 main bank
主权风险 sovereign risk
1 z) A: g; H8 O/ [5 J* y注册资本 registered capital
逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation
逐步取消 to phase out
& Z& t- F% X7 ^9 ?/ V, `7 k抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition）
! t7 T) j$ G/ `# ^# l专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked
, u, i8 B0 X# V  Q0 Y  ?" Z; y0 c: Z转贷 on-lending
) F( o; f" s/ d6 }% f/ i转轨经济 transition economy
2 F( @3 Y3 j& V9 i$ {转机 turnaround
转折关头 turning point
准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit
准货币 quasi-money
0 k3 b8 }4 g* l7 s2 x资本不足 under-capitalized
: [2 y7 Y9 I! S) W资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio
资本利润率 return on capital
资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility
资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency
" i0 H3 P% Z: o% d# n  w( {资产负债表 balance sheet
  d) [+ X; n" R' a) g' g+ a) B  _资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets
8 d+ Q4 ?# f5 J4 q8 M* L! V资产集中 asset concentration
6 l/ h/ e3 i0 @6 z$ ~; N% I* O资产贡献率 asset contribution factor
资产利润率 return on assets （ROA）
资产质量 asset quality
: \7 g0 O. N4 i( i  `6 z. R资产组合 asset portfolio
资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost
资金到位 fully funded （project）
5 O/ w  o' f/ {, \资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds
资金利用率 fund utilization rate
资金缺口 financing gap
8 q1 P+ y4 F$ g资金体外循环 financial disintermediation
; ?& W4 S9 V. S5 h6 K资金占压 funds tied up
7 A0 X" `4 a) u/ }& _" w自筹投资项目 self-financed projects
; U" `$ r3 R) H5 Q自有资金 equity fund
+ G( A, S1 e5 }2 }$ `" F综合国力 overall national strength（often measured by GDP）
综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator
综合治理 comprehensive adjustment（retrenchment）;over-haul
. s& `+ x, I1 v1 t: F$ I总成交额 total contract value
总交易量 total amount of transactions
总成本 total cost
最后贷款人 lender of last resort