a我考网

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

扫一扫,访问微社区

查看: 98|回复: 1

[其他] 翻译必看:英汉习语的异同比较

[复制链接]
发表于 2012-8-16 09:14:52 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
从形和义的角度来看,英汉习语的异同大体表现在以下四个方面:. I% ]2 [+ i! H: r: w( p' T
! q  ]2 D' [2 O# y5 D9 w1 r
A.英汉习语形义全同, W. L! D$ M2 j$ S) E+ j; N9 ?
这类习语为数少,例如:
! ]! E( i* ~- P& u6 h& ?5 Z0 v( }" q. ?2 ?) v7 w
Barking dogs do not bite.吠犬不咬人。; H4 A( r/ H! g3 D# b
6 w0 h& i& s3 e. H" Z& ]
Who is contented, enjoys.知足者常乐。
  k2 v3 @; z; r& d0 H8 S# J' E+ J! G
Misfortunes never come singly.祸不单行。
4 ^+ T) i+ g. ]0 e: C5 f3 y* \8 b1 y5 l  H, }
It is harder to change human nature than to change rivers and mountains.江山难改,本性难移。
0 i, u0 z3 c8 T+ ^
0 I9 L2 s# R1 Z. m  fLike father, like son. 有其父必有其子。
) C6 i' V3 |2 ^/ q7 Q
; T' B* Z3 ]. Z4 k# `$ f6 O8 UB. 习语形义基本相同
( W$ g3 v( H& G* N; r$ X; o这类习语比上面一类在数量上要多些,例如:* B1 ]" Q! f+ x
" v& ^4 s; o2 B. U3 A
as light as a feather(or as thistle-down)轻如鸿毛
4 F/ O& ?- e0 |9 T$ c
3 x; P: I+ }$ X" uto take a load off one's mind如释重负
( z4 [, |5 j' [+ s$ V$ @
3 Q/ t8 e4 \7 n2 I% Y6 Oto run in the same groove; to cut from the same cloth.如出一辙$ z$ }) [* O% D' R

: t+ W# w5 r- p  g' M: Nto make a beast of oneself形同禽兽
) H8 N" ]$ I: u' C6 S+ g5 V9 s3 l; w' h0 L& P
He that hath been bitten by a serpent is afraid of a rope.一朝被蛇咬,十年怕草绳。" e+ b8 ]% q! L- [- i4 f7 j
+ D; U0 V# W3 Y, X5 z) ^: i
Shallow streams make most din.水深不响, 水响不深。7 z: Y5 u, V  c
/ U# p0 x  F( l: i
Money makes the mare go.有钱能使鬼推磨。) }+ j4 U& s: m4 ?7 [* E5 ]
7 J/ b% M; C9 m( e
Reckless youth makes rueful age.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。
回复

使用道具 举报

 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-16 09:14:53 | 显示全部楼层

翻译必看:英汉习语的异同比较

C.英汉习语形似义异
5 [- S: m5 L; [: ~& n, ^这类习语相当多,例如:
$ [' x$ u, E' b$ U7 ~
: c1 @8 C4 b1 A2 @! JWhen a dog is drowning every one offers him drink. - C2 \9 J2 d, H/ z! f0 v

1 }/ q; s! c) P3 M* Y英文含义:狗若落水人人救,强调人人伸出援之手.$ \( M4 ]& S$ M7 e5 b  C
中文对应语:救了落水狗,反咬你一口。强调好心得不到好报
4 t3 I8 r9 @2 D9 L! O. e
2 C3 G2 J8 Q" [Ignorance of the law is no excuse of breaking it. , c! C. [: z- i) V! m9 ?8 ?$ {
英文含义:法盲犯法不可恕,强调严格执行法律。
- B2 A9 C0 l5 E3 O2 ^% ^8 F中文对应语:不知者无罪。强调网开一面。, \  Y) }* `5 e/ ]! m) f/ v

) L) I: E  C: wStrike while the iron is hot
0 ?& w) P9 E2 |  e4 t- b英文含义:强调"抓住时机"
; I/ J9 X. n7 T6 z9 u5 B$ L* o; \中文对应语:趁热打铁,着重"抓紧行动"
. e' e5 n- X6 z; L/ x$ f4 z. R2 ?- O+ z/ f- Z( Q
Lock the stable-door after the horse is stolen., V( u; U; A, R  ]. F- C
英文含义:强调为时已晚。# F/ @* y4 C/ |7 \# s
中文对应语:亡羊补牢。强调受到损失后想法弥补,以免再受损失。
' M$ A, U' c: i( ~  T! V& r* E7 e0 W5 z  1 x; |! }- w& `& a# I* C7 x8 z1 p
D.英汉习语形异义似2 U# Q0 ^. {: u
1 y3 `( J) E; S9 S: ^6 z3 x6 u5 Y- F! M
A word spoken is past recalling. 一言既出,驷马难追。
8 o' N; k; I) }& X! a* z" w/ e
, j5 [4 p: k) X7 \& SGreat boast, small roast.干打雷, 不下雨。3 R4 u+ L2 @; R7 G% T. ^
1 K8 f# k+ @8 a/ V
Take not a musket to kill a butterfly. 杀鸡焉用宰牛刀。# s6 L6 _7 A% x! e2 \
2 m5 l, M* z/ w% {9 {
as dumb as an oyster 守口如瓶- e0 s$ C% i" |( b8 G) \
4 N1 _; V& o9 y/ G+ K% H
to hit someone below the belt/to stab someone in the back 暗箭伤人(below the belt来自于拳击,击中对手腰部以下是算犯规的;相应的口语中有一种说法:a low-blow,意为卑鄙的偷袭、手段。)
. z1 F1 }2 S* _1 [; |- q6 N  k  N8 H. f
as weak as water 弱不禁风
  ^' c; {/ k% q& g
) G2 }; C/ A( F3 G+ VE.英汉习语形义完全不同
. |# r/ l9 X* D0 v7 h/ z# t
! b1 _9 c* ?2 M# D/ q" _cast one's bread upon the waters不期望报答所作之事
) Z, e! f$ u  x* k; _/ `3 j) R' }  Y$ z9 u
keep the wolf from the door免于饥饿,勉强度日7 N3 G' F9 {- V9 X# T
5 i& O8 O5 h- T1 v
make one's blood freeze令人恐惧. v1 Y5 i' ~0 K; d3 R

, J1 e5 W' T9 m2 N* a$ |! Qhave bats in the belfry头脑有点古怪: h3 F; K$ W; G

' R  Y- Q$ W0 I4 @- usee the sun活着
回复 支持 反对

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

Archiver|手机版|小黑屋|Woexam.Com ( 湘ICP备18023104号 )

GMT+8, 2024-6-15 20:07 , Processed in 0.401480 second(s), 24 queries .

Powered by Discuz! X3.4 Licensed

© 2001-2017 Comsenz Inc.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表