转换法
& j0 p# P7 o+ B3 X/ c 转换法:指翻译过程中为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法和习惯而对原句中的词类、句型和语态等进行转换。具体的说,就是在词性方面,把名词转换为代词、形容词、动词;把动词转换成名词、形容词、副词、介词;把形容词转换成副词和短语。在句子成分方面,把主语变成状语、定语、宾语、表语;把谓语变成主语、定语、表语;把定语变成状语、主语;把宾语变成主语。在句型方面,把并列句变成复合句,把复合句变成并列句,把状语从句变成定语从句。在语态方面,可以把主动语态变为被动语态。如:
0 w r, s' F# M" g: ~/ e# e (1)我们学院受教委和市政府的双重领导。9 b4 @, a6 p4 Y2 W9 I
Our institute is co-administrated by the States Education Commission and the municipal government. (名词转动词)
* l7 ^! _. x. g- S& N l% E (2)Too much exposure to TV programs will do great harm to the eyesight of children.
: T0 G- d6 y' V! D 孩子们看电视过多会大大地损坏视力。(名词转动词)
- Y# O+ B; _ n7 s- O# A (3)由于我们实行了改革开放政策,我国的综合国力有了明显的增强。9 @1 t5 M/ F$ q! u8 W; \% i( [
Thanks to the introduction of our reform and opening policy, our comprehensive national strength has greatly improved. (动词转名词)3 `1 z# G' a: c* ~! {; r
(4)I’m all for you opinion.& u h0 |5 [+ ? P7 m( p3 t
我完全赞成你的意见。(介词转动词)
, o6 I& I6 u2 Y* T (5)The reform and opening policy is supported by the whole Chinese people.
. |* o7 c& i; F# ` }; e* L* N9 [/ z 改革开放政策受到了全中国人民的拥护。(动词转名词)9 @ `8 D5 e7 t' j {
(6)In his article the author is critical of man’s negligence toward his environment.
9 D+ k! g# x& ~1 w8 f( y- } 作者在文章中,对人类疏忽自身环境作了批评。(形容词转名词)" S2 m) p D! |% p7 Q
(7)In some of the European countries, the people are given the biggest social benefits such as medical insurance.
! V: R$ F [, p/ g2 A3 O9 t 在有些欧洲国家里,人民享受最广泛的社会福利,如医疗保险等。(被动语态转主动语态), f5 W" o8 l4 B+ P* P v8 E
(8)时间不早了,我们回去吧!
' G r* {1 x0 n8 o8 ?8 x0 h We don’t have much time left. Let’s go back. (句型转换) f: G, A% i" G6 t3 O
(9)学生们都应该德、智、体全面发展。8 o# s/ C$ |+ E/ |
All the students should develop morally, intellectually and physically. (名词转副词) |