一、时间状语从句
. |# w* S8 F! `- ~ 1. 译成相应的时间状语$ F) K+ m6 s) }. d; C: }
1)与原文顺序一致+ i. U) h4 W4 j A% y
While she spoke, the tears were running down.
% t F) R" L' W* l. f+ `6 E 她说话时,泪水直流。# L( w. A) K- s
2)后置改前置
# _' r! W3 ^ s' f) w/ X Please turn off the light when you leave the room.# e3 u4 K" v& Z
离屋时请关灯。
# Q& K3 W6 \. e9 V. K 2. 译成“刚(一)…… 就……”的句式:
! F3 n) f2 y1 a- C0 y; g1 M When I reached the beach, I collapsed.; h2 J) A H6 j% s+ o
我一到海滩,就昏倒了。! f$ @5 I( R9 {1 W
3. 译成并列的分句:( ?" M2 g x0 v6 H+ z6 g( N9 d: W
1)译文前置
6 T1 p/ K7 h i+ q* x They set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid.
0 S3 O7 @/ c% q" [+ B 他还没有交赎金,他们就把他释放了。
/ o2 T; f9 s0 U' O: Q+ y3 t# ~; o 2)后置不变
! s& p& b4 S( P" Q3 {9 z+ s* P I was about to speak when Mr. Smith cut in.7 S2 | j# y' ^. f; \
我正想讲,史密斯先生就插嘴了。' q$ |: a; ]) [
二、原因状语从句7 _9 E- T2 n! d: B/ v
1. 译成表“因”的分句:8 V; E* M; ~: a& v" q1 ]' Z+ o3 u
1)“因”在“果”之前2 H* O. w; z. V8 Q
The crops failed because the season was dry.
) G1 i+ P5 z% h1 F; ~+ H, x; w 因为气候干旱,作物歉收。
2 n' K! M1 _) c- k& \ 2)“果”在“因”之前
* O+ ~5 e: p! ?+ y: o8 X She could get away with anything, because she looked such a baby.( {& m$ c8 q1 O4 j* s7 \
她总能逃脱处罚,因为她看起来像个小孩。2 g: V* m/ Z, y. }5 d5 k
2. 译成因果偏正复句中的主句:
. d) |* d+ ?! s. |7 N Pure iron is not used in industry because it is too soft.
: K( ~# |+ E, n5 v) p6 F% R; A8 f2 O 纯铁太软,所以不用于工业。% v) [% V$ I7 j% z9 Z. e% G9 [
Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion.! m" g ]* E$ d& e l/ C0 e, E
他深信这件事正确可靠,因此坚持己见。' ]+ m2 g* X+ b2 u/ o1 b
3. 译成无关联词的因果关系并列分句:/ G5 A0 _( H. v. j8 a, D l
Where there is sound, there must be sound waves.
a2 W" K0 a, Z; k9 ~( w 哪里有声音,哪里就必有声波。
* a S- R; [" z+ T& T# m/ ? After all, it did not matter much, because in 24 hours, they were going to be free.$ j {2 a. U) E4 ^3 `
反正关系不大,24小时以后他们就自由了。; m8 @' h7 q5 L; o$ n7 |6 M: ^# u0 o% t
三、表示条件的状语从句
+ o9 a9 r( C. p$ J) Y5 h F: i" ^* k 1. 译成表示条件的分句,汉语一般前置:
# d* E% @0 G o When this question is answered, even better and cheaper magnetic materials can be developed.
+ F9 B$ A; u$ u2 p$ a 如果这一问题得到解决,就能研制出更好、更便宜的磁性材料。2 L7 J; g3 I$ k! |: @8 h/ g. \
2. 译成表示“假设”的分句,一般前置:
) | H5 I2 m! a! Q0 z q5 `3 ] If one of them collapsed, as they often did, the guide used to carry him over the mountains.: P% X4 i7 Y: x) _6 D! [8 `
如果其中一个人垮了,这种事常在他们中间发生,向导就要背着他过山,; b0 O! \& [# b' B* q( D) L
3. 译成补充说明情况的分句,一般后置:
" G5 r8 e" j3 H9 `" ` You can drive tonight if you are ready.
0 G* y1 N9 r* V6 s2 W 你今晚就可以出车,如果你愿意的话。 |