一、时间状语从句4 H! r* s6 Y2 W) j8 U
1. 译成相应的时间状语
; Y+ `$ c, K, Y* W 1)与原文顺序一致" R1 ?6 q Q: k/ e' N( R# g
While she spoke, the tears were running down.6 O7 s: t; h c& V+ `
她说话时,泪水直流。* _& t0 h0 F9 @, F* ^/ T
2)后置改前置
- s. V2 F2 s3 @# ? ~# _ Please turn off the light when you leave the room.
M5 X8 I7 U! ~0 D9 H 离屋时请关灯。; Y. B5 H" R. f
2. 译成“刚(一)…… 就……”的句式:, q& r+ z( t& r0 l
When I reached the beach, I collapsed.) I6 Y' y5 M* J0 x8 ]
我一到海滩,就昏倒了。9 D( l, t8 A8 ?. `% c4 [+ F2 I1 \
3. 译成并列的分句:+ t5 a$ y: T& `- }: ?% s
1)译文前置
3 Z' l8 `+ y S! S9 K4 B They set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid.
0 M; \( ?2 d: [9 W& J 他还没有交赎金,他们就把他释放了。& \: H3 z c, ~, o) Y
2)后置不变9 l* P$ u' n1 H
I was about to speak when Mr. Smith cut in.0 P, @9 w- f" H: l' P/ g
我正想讲,史密斯先生就插嘴了。
, |4 Q, @' D. U( j2 g) p 二、原因状语从句
! S2 d* r4 G4 h5 p, R, B 1. 译成表“因”的分句:
7 F$ H0 r1 \+ `0 j1 `( u 1)“因”在“果”之前
M' f* F) Y! e The crops failed because the season was dry.
( m" q U" i" |' E+ d 因为气候干旱,作物歉收。
; K6 A9 c2 H% `+ ~7 [6 y6 F- m 2)“果”在“因”之前1 l* e' i7 w! T6 }
She could get away with anything, because she looked such a baby.
5 d5 L+ {; e/ f8 _; g5 I3 v 她总能逃脱处罚,因为她看起来像个小孩。" t7 |7 x# t8 v% o# N1 ?
2. 译成因果偏正复句中的主句:
6 \* [! e, o# Q1 [" V( e( \' Q Pure iron is not used in industry because it is too soft.
( E) }, R* Z/ D# r6 H 纯铁太软,所以不用于工业。; _7 |9 \: w- E9 O* P
Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion.
9 J3 Q, {' P1 d0 v" y 他深信这件事正确可靠,因此坚持己见。/ P8 z$ l4 ^9 @+ z( @
3. 译成无关联词的因果关系并列分句:
% p* r% w% h* F Where there is sound, there must be sound waves.3 u* \ w$ F5 x4 }" D& K% p
哪里有声音,哪里就必有声波。
# o3 H4 \8 Z5 \) f B After all, it did not matter much, because in 24 hours, they were going to be free.4 k# l$ x2 b4 Q& X! I
反正关系不大,24小时以后他们就自由了。
( u" h0 h6 o% A$ R7 s 三、表示条件的状语从句! Q* p5 @+ @/ J k, E
1. 译成表示条件的分句,汉语一般前置:
5 |! s6 t/ p/ P) D8 r; b' }% G( U When this question is answered, even better and cheaper magnetic materials can be developed.6 o( D4 {& M! f7 ~+ T0 b
如果这一问题得到解决,就能研制出更好、更便宜的磁性材料。9 |! i+ j% K6 ?% Y& R
2. 译成表示“假设”的分句,一般前置:; L# \# u) d8 A+ ^. b, x
If one of them collapsed, as they often did, the guide used to carry him over the mountains.
. D) L# d+ J2 q; l( a 如果其中一个人垮了,这种事常在他们中间发生,向导就要背着他过山,
2 @" B E m, J. _% t3 N$ X 3. 译成补充说明情况的分句,一般后置:
: k& m, L4 M5 k! I You can drive tonight if you are ready.
. ?+ A8 D/ @3 v% }, Y# U. n 你今晚就可以出车,如果你愿意的话。 |