正译法和反译法:这两种方法通常用于汉译英,偶尔也用于英译汉。所谓正译,是指把句子按照与汉语相同的语序或表达方式译成英语。所谓反译则是指把句子按照与汉语相反的语序或表达方式译成英语。正译与反译常常具有同义的效果,但反译往往更符合英语的思维方式和表达习惯。因此比较地道。如:2 Q2 U- z$ L0 J# m& L
(1) 在美国,人人都能买到枪。) x2 v) {0 g8 H1 E9 f! E) d+ x
In the United States, everyone can buy a gun. (正译)" A$ R! q. I1 @; n+ r; F
In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反译)
4 ^3 S, s: W3 d, { Y4 }$ e e" R (2) 你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。- L9 U; E- d3 r6 x4 g, J
You can obtain this information on the Internet. (正译)% C! X% G4 z/ q6 d% N& [6 u, n
This information is accessible/available on the Internet. (反译)
# X6 @# o- S- K: k$ ~ (3) 他突然想到了一个新主意。
- {$ F& Z$ O+ Y- B$ I2 x. l3 R; K4 F: J+ X Suddenly he had a new idea. (正译)$ E$ a0 l$ N8 t4 i+ i2 \
He suddenly thought out a new idea. (正译)( P7 F7 J S( L1 p9 U
A new idea suddenly occurred to/struck him. (反译)
8 S, i1 J1 Z) d) ^1 Y/ |; E, o$ x2 j' { (4) 他仍然没有弄懂我的意思。9 z# f' L5 S5 d* @
He still could not understand me. (正译)
7 s$ C: F8 n$ F \$ A* W Still he failed to understand me. (反译)
' N; [% Q- u- e (5) 无论如何,她算不上一位思维敏捷的学生。
" T7 ^9 a A4 A1 m* A7 V/ Q# g She can hardly be rated as a bright student. (正译)8 C4 U6 n1 x2 O5 r0 S3 F( J6 I' m
She is anything but a bright student. (反译)
" K) S! Y4 }- s+ m. O k (6) Please withhold the document for the time being.- b% k# W" D3 I! ^
请暂时扣下这份文件。(正译)
% j6 X. P( m* s3 ?- m 请暂时不要发这份文件。(反译) |