正译法和反译法:这两种方法通常用于汉译英,偶尔也用于英译汉。所谓正译,是指把句子按照与汉语相同的语序或表达方式译成英语。所谓反译则是指把句子按照与汉语相反的语序或表达方式译成英语。正译与反译常常具有同义的效果,但反译往往更符合英语的思维方式和表达习惯。因此比较地道。如:
+ k" Z& G9 E6 N (1) 在美国,人人都能买到枪。
$ @1 Z8 ~5 o8 {1 G In the United States, everyone can buy a gun. (正译)% z6 C+ i/ j" c9 S% i+ C
In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反译)" T- }* l8 a& p: W0 b
(2) 你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。
4 y# d! P2 I- }; G$ C- Z' k; J! e You can obtain this information on the Internet. (正译)6 n; j V2 S% m( P" w4 |
This information is accessible/available on the Internet. (反译), s# C5 ?0 ~) k! C2 d
(3) 他突然想到了一个新主意。
8 M- t$ W' e6 ~, ^ Suddenly he had a new idea. (正译)
# `8 R. I5 D$ a$ d( K He suddenly thought out a new idea. (正译)
3 L# b. Z% L5 J0 v! V* J; z A new idea suddenly occurred to/struck him. (反译)! N7 A) G% _3 C4 m
(4) 他仍然没有弄懂我的意思。
- W7 V" V( O( e$ W# @6 D8 k7 K He still could not understand me. (正译)! C) M& S7 J* C4 m3 y6 V+ g
Still he failed to understand me. (反译)
8 Q% `2 u9 _7 o" X; w2 R8 s' V1 | (5) 无论如何,她算不上一位思维敏捷的学生。4 M5 k9 y6 m W+ z4 N- Q
She can hardly be rated as a bright student. (正译)! |. t" k0 E! d1 K `+ r* I! q$ e
She is anything but a bright student. (反译)
( q$ ~0 t+ N6 D' ^' _" o (6) Please withhold the document for the time being." ~: {" L& p# B0 Z
请暂时扣下这份文件。(正译)3 o6 _& W1 x* T Y- P1 n' h6 {
请暂时不要发这份文件。(反译) |