村子前面有棵大象树$ M& F4 ?8 }" T" h. C
d.most of our patients welcomed another human being with whom they could talk openly, honestly, and frankly about their trouble.
% p! W' o3 D, Y: W" b- F* W/ z r 大多数病人想找人坦率、诚实地倾诉他们的苦衷。 / _" d+ k1 e9 b2 S3 ~6 b1 w
非限制性定语从句:
# b# k, l& X( m 1.前置:: ^. H0 y7 [8 @) L
a. we need a chairman, in whom everyone has confidence# R5 q2 T7 w& U4 L2 `
我们需要一个人人都信赖的主席。8 W) s. k I0 l' S- T! O' o& m2 ?
b.the worldly well-known actor , who had been ill for two years, meet thunderstorm applause when reappeared on the stage.
8 j. M4 o$ w' e3 _3 D/ c+ u 那个病了很多年的著名演员,一上台观众就报以雷鸣般的掌声。
, I* {0 W: E: d8 z' R: D c. piccaso, whose works inspired many artists, lived until he was a ripe old age.: a, E' l" K3 z2 |, T$ B: x
毕加索的作品曾鼓励了很多人,后来年纪很大时,作品也日趋成熟。$ A2 F0 l! H1 U
2.后置:
' _) L1 Y% H2 X# r a.he deposits a little sum of money in the bank, by which means he hopes to deal with any potential emergency easily.3 j7 R# A0 V3 N* T! { x R
我们每个月都在银行里存一些钱,这样,碰到有任何危机时,我们就可以应付了。
6 x. i. m+ @- O. ]* v b. a table has four legs, one of which is broken.' Z h4 y4 H! y3 O
桌子有四条腿,其中的一条腿是坏的。9 E1 z& E2 N+ r0 ~
c. living in the central australian desert has its problems, of which obtaining water is not the least.
- u. {$ t0 ?: e6 t8 z7 V 生活在澳大利亚中部有很多问题,其中取水还不算最艰苦的。
+ o0 E% O7 ?; H1 E' p# ` d.he decided to resign, which is the best thing he could do under the circumstances.0 `9 s6 q5 i6 d3 { p2 k L0 w& D
他决定辞职,而这是他目前所能做的最好的事。) E1 }: Y1 z" ?% h! ]% \: H
e.he is late for class today, as is often the case.* ^* H8 k6 R; R, Z3 M+ x
他今天迟到了,而这是经常的事。
) q( m' z* u' I 3.省略先行词
- O- W4 _; B* o% v9 Q! P6 S 这种句行就象前面讲的“综和性”翻译一样,直接把整个句子的意思讲出来,例如:1 |: [, l! y6 P2 w" ~# n/ Y! S
a.the two universities signed an agreement, under which they would exchange students and scholars.
# \+ c7 N3 r, y$ l9 o0 L% Y 这两个大学,签定了协议,决定交换学生和学者。
- [ a+ C8 Q3 G# L+ ^ b.he caught a young soldier coming to the farmhouse , whose face turned pale for too much loss of blood.: t0 U. G' w& l9 ?0 m& h
他看见一个士兵走进农舍,脸色因失血过多而苍白。
. T* c9 ]. O5 B) a. _6 b c. he passed the exam, which can be read from his the light on his face.# Y/ S; a0 t) f! T
我从他脸上就可以看出他已通过了考试。
W' @# y1 }% R' z& n2 _. X% E! O3 l, K d. he arrived at the railway station in time , which is expected .* R R0 A6 l* K
他果然准时到了火车站。 7 l2 S+ E0 g0 T* D5 q; j4 u, z
4.译成状语从句
/ i) n1 w2 M" y% _" m0 T8 u 有些作定语的句子听起来却有点象状语从句,因此翻译时可以将其译成状语似的从句:
6 S# ]; F. m* ~/ P/ V* J7 B a.you should take advantage of the opportunity to learn english well, which is very valuable.(原因)" t; e5 G, I4 }+ s- a
你应该利用这个机会好好学习英语,这太重要了。: L8 E/ Z) b ]9 {
b.we examine the quality of our products, which is why they are so reliable.(原因)
0 L1 C1 a) ?! p" |* c 我们检验产品很仔细,因此产品都很可靠。
; Q E" s! @. a3 @1 R+ n8 K c.i never believe the stories, which is appealing.(让步)
+ g4 @4 Z4 t% |3 j9 U& d" p 我从不相信他所说的故事,即使它很动听。$ m& Z3 f$ ]* [. V1 C, T _0 Y
5. “as”引导的句子:8 {" X' i5 w. \/ P: x
除了以上这些例子以外,还有一些特殊的由 “as”引导的句子, 翻译时可参考“as”的比 较结构从句:
0 p$ U2 C* N& g1 L/ H# o a. he is not such as fool as he looks
v1 c7 S3 Z/ d/ z7 ] 他并不象看上去的那么傻。
7 i# M0 H$ u; {- ?- H9 z1 h; c b. they were not such questions as could easily be disposed of.
; Y4 v& q) B/ k" u/ U V5 V 这些问题可不是那么容易就能处理好的。
. z Y1 \" r$ P" V7 E c. it wasn’t such a good dinner as she had promised us.* O2 L; ^4 X) W
这顿饭可没有她向我们说的那么好。
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