村子前面有棵大象树
; F# d1 o! g# r; [) I d.most of our patients welcomed another human being with whom they could talk openly, honestly, and frankly about their trouble.
4 t. r; v- p7 f! V1 g" v) s6 r b 大多数病人想找人坦率、诚实地倾诉他们的苦衷。 , b+ B' c# s' @* a: @. V
非限制性定语从句:1 w. {& A7 V E# _8 m, s' R: M1 _
1.前置:
( }) o+ ^$ b" r/ n# r6 Z1 W" z9 q a. we need a chairman, in whom everyone has confidence/ f! _& z. W# ?1 V
我们需要一个人人都信赖的主席。' U# m7 D. ?; G! i- }
b.the worldly well-known actor , who had been ill for two years, meet thunderstorm applause when reappeared on the stage.8 I+ V& U: ^3 c; H2 ~- w( \# a; W
那个病了很多年的著名演员,一上台观众就报以雷鸣般的掌声。/ T# n) ^, X8 ~- g
c. piccaso, whose works inspired many artists, lived until he was a ripe old age.
% j' b4 ?+ m7 W9 [# P/ ] 毕加索的作品曾鼓励了很多人,后来年纪很大时,作品也日趋成熟。
0 k9 }- m! u w/ c+ D# Y 2.后置:
6 g* }% p8 I, \) v8 ^. u a.he deposits a little sum of money in the bank, by which means he hopes to deal with any potential emergency easily.
! T$ W' v$ s( ? 我们每个月都在银行里存一些钱,这样,碰到有任何危机时,我们就可以应付了。) i* i$ J5 }0 }$ J f
b. a table has four legs, one of which is broken.; v0 u, H7 G: e
桌子有四条腿,其中的一条腿是坏的。
0 U( f* r' q1 P1 W q c. living in the central australian desert has its problems, of which obtaining water is not the least.
! \; | }* c" t4 n8 d 生活在澳大利亚中部有很多问题,其中取水还不算最艰苦的。# y) _) O, m; F$ F3 x
d.he decided to resign, which is the best thing he could do under the circumstances." q0 R' H0 ~$ _+ ]4 w) m1 _: ?
他决定辞职,而这是他目前所能做的最好的事。
8 h) j. J! ^ [. M2 c$ w; M e.he is late for class today, as is often the case.0 O7 z( x+ u5 z4 s2 a( ?2 w" [
他今天迟到了,而这是经常的事。
' \& h/ m5 E" u8 d7 C' A& m% J+ g7 I 3.省略先行词/ p5 v; c9 U$ T& `+ f# y0 d
这种句行就象前面讲的“综和性”翻译一样,直接把整个句子的意思讲出来,例如:
" g( R7 r# J/ [6 ~0 B1 r4 t$ s a.the two universities signed an agreement, under which they would exchange students and scholars.+ T ^$ o' J( s
这两个大学,签定了协议,决定交换学生和学者。
8 T: w: F1 g; Y1 t7 T; i b.he caught a young soldier coming to the farmhouse , whose face turned pale for too much loss of blood.! h1 ?& P @( U' ^8 m
他看见一个士兵走进农舍,脸色因失血过多而苍白。1 K6 }: j; Z3 j% \, R
c. he passed the exam, which can be read from his the light on his face.& P$ o3 h5 C: m- a0 L6 i
我从他脸上就可以看出他已通过了考试。
; y- t Y& u; Z- p! H2 ] d. he arrived at the railway station in time , which is expected .
5 E$ v7 i& D. d/ ]) c6 B) ]' i 他果然准时到了火车站。 7 B0 S' `+ J7 y/ ^) C1 s
4.译成状语从句/ ], Z* {7 Q1 A. S5 M
有些作定语的句子听起来却有点象状语从句,因此翻译时可以将其译成状语似的从句:& H# J7 j! a$ d* O) d$ H' V( j" U
a.you should take advantage of the opportunity to learn english well, which is very valuable.(原因)* Z A! @- @) u" C) P. H
你应该利用这个机会好好学习英语,这太重要了。
" J) I- |1 Q3 M0 b2 Y q b.we examine the quality of our products, which is why they are so reliable.(原因)
1 i' q3 J3 h6 z8 ~+ u0 G 我们检验产品很仔细,因此产品都很可靠。1 K3 o$ w+ ~9 b+ b J9 S* z
c.i never believe the stories, which is appealing.(让步)6 A0 [4 }' W) W5 Z
我从不相信他所说的故事,即使它很动听。, h8 v, b3 `7 z0 Q% a$ r& ?
5. “as”引导的句子:. E3 Q0 F: j6 X7 M2 U9 a8 m: ~
除了以上这些例子以外,还有一些特殊的由 “as”引导的句子, 翻译时可参考“as”的比 较结构从句:
% b4 ?+ J# f, y- q4 I/ F a. he is not such as fool as he looks# U. k# q- I8 i% h
他并不象看上去的那么傻。
5 R. R1 W% J( s2 u* z* a b. they were not such questions as could easily be disposed of.; m e9 {1 L8 M- K- v
这些问题可不是那么容易就能处理好的。$ ^6 A$ _. O6 D1 r/ k2 e0 A
c. it wasn’t such a good dinner as she had promised us.3 H$ ?: P$ l' R/ Z/ S I
这顿饭可没有她向我们说的那么好。& ~2 i5 c; [- s- c; [# O* |0 C, E( l
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