翻译技巧：汉译英的“八戒”（4）

会计考友

　七、戒语句重复
1 z7 V! L1 a/ _+ c" ]3 Z& T　　汉语多重复，以强化语气；英语则要尽量避免重复。
　　王曰：“此鸟不飞则已，一飞冲天；不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。”
　　“The bird may not have flown yet”, replied the King, “Once it does, it will soar to the sky. I may not have cried out yet, but once it does, it will startle everyone.”(杨宪益译《史记-滑稽列传》）
) E; l1 V6 e" \6 d& Y# l9 l9 {! c　　中国人也好，外国人也好，死人也好，活人也好，对的就是对的，不对的就是不对的。
　　What is right is right and what is wrong is wrong, no matter what it concerns, the Chinese or foreigners, the dead or the living.
9 L$ [2 {! a6 B% f: B  u　　八、戒另起炉灶，走失精气神
" c* H3 T4 y: O( @% k: \　　译文要力求其“信”，尽可能契合汉语原来句子的气势、情绪和结构。
7 j* l" [! D5 V+ H/ b　　例如，元朝人王实甫写下了《西厢记》，张雪静改编后并作了翻译——
6 Y* Y! {+ [6 ~$ e　　掏出张生那封信，回头环视见梳妆台上的梳妆盒，眼睛一转，心里说有了，将信放了进去，合上盖时故意压了一角露在外面。
　　Rose took out Zhang's letter, she thought, “It would be better to put it in her make-up case, and letter find it herself.” So she put the letter in the case, leaving a corner of it sticking out, so that it would be quickly noticed.
6 s5 r" j; {6 q6 z　　不难看出，译文与原文相去甚远，互不吻合，成了“两张皮”。
8 u4 \( M& O# E9 y　　你已经死在过深的怨愤里了吗？
　　死？不，不，我还活着——
　　请给我以火，给我以火！
　　Have you perished in this deep rancor and bitterness?
$ d. w4 g; i( F+ ]　　Death? No, no. I'm still alive.
, g' ?2 d) d& x+ F  U　　Please give me a light, give me a light!