翻译技巧：汉译英的“八戒”（4）

会计考友

　七、戒语句重复
7 X9 z9 Z1 I) s/ }+ y3 E　　汉语多重复，以强化语气；英语则要尽量避免重复。
" o$ ?- C8 N0 w　　王曰：“此鸟不飞则已，一飞冲天；不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。”
6 f( T6 `! c/ O( S! S9 N　　“The bird may not have flown yet”, replied the King, “Once it does, it will soar to the sky. I may not have cried out yet, but once it does, it will startle everyone.”(杨宪益译《史记-滑稽列传》）
　　中国人也好，外国人也好，死人也好，活人也好，对的就是对的，不对的就是不对的。
　　What is right is right and what is wrong is wrong, no matter what it concerns, the Chinese or foreigners, the dead or the living.
4 y# l" p! G2 ^$ d8 W3 f　　八、戒另起炉灶，走失精气神
　　译文要力求其“信”，尽可能契合汉语原来句子的气势、情绪和结构。
　　例如，元朝人王实甫写下了《西厢记》，张雪静改编后并作了翻译——
　　掏出张生那封信，回头环视见梳妆台上的梳妆盒，眼睛一转，心里说有了，将信放了进去，合上盖时故意压了一角露在外面。
  P+ h% B; [: X( M# A　　Rose took out Zhang's letter, she thought, “It would be better to put it in her make-up case, and letter find it herself.” So she put the letter in the case, leaving a corner of it sticking out, so that it would be quickly noticed.
　　不难看出，译文与原文相去甚远，互不吻合，成了“两张皮”。
　　你已经死在过深的怨愤里了吗？
4 r8 F/ z& f2 `# n5 d　　死？不，不，我还活着——
　　请给我以火，给我以火！
　　Have you perished in this deep rancor and bitterness?
/ q% _" ~8 T) l$ W　　Death? No, no. I'm still alive.
7 I2 X& U4 C) B: j+ y- q　　Please give me a light, give me a light!