Many verbs in Italian, especially the -ere verbs, have irregular past participles. A list of some of the most common infinitives, along with a sample variation, as well as their past participle forms, appears in the table below.
: d; k4 ^4 m+ u IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES
& R* S i* _* `8 E9 { INFINITIVE
2 v; O! R: `: P9 m, x* o2 K; u5 m PAST PARTICIPLE8 `. w! j/ b& Q; O# V/ \
VARIATION ON THE INFINITIVE. Y# K2 {+ F; S/ g" C; _
PAST PARTICIPLE2 _6 d' j2 k. @1 I) Y6 a. _
accendere6 O2 l1 m$ r1 t8 Y+ s6 n1 `3 W- y
acceso
2 c3 |+ W0 }" h: Z$ i3 ^ riaccendere
7 D9 x t7 O+ v( [' l riacceso
. y/ b S( `: x) k/ e chiedere- k4 C: o) C) x
chiesto
& D2 @: M$ Y" [ richiedere: V; r% ]2 B: x) c& o# {9 E
richiesto
$ l) \+ o. H8 k chiudere( j. M1 a8 S/ [; }( m" R# ^
chiuso1 |, c$ y) Q7 _% d
racchiudere
0 P: Q# L6 f# l; a a" c racchiuso
6 z, P: K% f5 l$ Q: A* l cogliere! t7 q3 c9 g: S+ M( |1 x+ K
colto& v F4 i! F) ^9 I" s& \! E& R
raccogliere
" P8 n2 h$ [+ x2 I0 j l, S0 ` raccolto" X; W$ }! `' \8 u+ K: G
cuocere
' R5 s( K9 M& `+ Q: O) P cotto
& v& x1 C' {- L1 M2 j6 H stracuocere
) l1 R6 ^: m4 s; \ stracotto
6 a/ l3 \- w7 e dire+ O/ l. I8 S( L4 T
detto
' k5 C, Q* X% x) @+ [& K2 c predire: V* K0 u; |: u- d
predetto" X4 i0 W& _% G: [. F/ K
dividere
% h) V p( l( c( S1 U diviso* P4 g; e i$ ]; K: ~- T1 t
condividere
, ~3 z! w0 g, z2 P" c ]3 B' x condiviso' e) |" l7 p5 P: j1 Y7 g& U
fare
3 l# h# Z! |% l0 N9 x fatto6 a0 o/ b& T) ~! k# v
strafare
0 i! i8 @. P* |8 F: \- @8 o3 Q strafatto
" t' _! T" x j" s* ~4 | leggere4 n" g4 X% Q# H$ U7 O
letto' I+ Q. m6 s9 `" Z
rileggere9 @- F0 p$ I8 w/ v1 n5 i3 P- R; I* X
riletto2 T8 ]9 Z3 d$ Q X: N' L
porre
2 ]; e7 t! U$ }3 g: J# B posto% O' R) w! R; D
fraporre
3 c6 c1 C+ f/ S: N fraposto4 @2 f9 e5 ^( X; K6 V
reggere
% c* U/ D6 s. ^) s2 r retto
1 x2 B* y5 `) z5 d correggere9 g3 T& _3 z: F- I1 A& F& W! J
corretto
4 j( [9 _# S. X# c0 y rispondere9 h/ s. l0 X$ g; W" z8 y5 R$ G5 j
risposto
) y! | x- J# ~ corrispondere
" j1 L$ b& }1 J0 N corrisposto ~$ ~+ \" g' V
rompere& I7 M" z6 i3 S% v( |! N: U
rotto
+ j' u* n+ B+ j% K9 a( E' q& g5 ?' ` corrompere
+ s( P0 y2 R; p/ ?* }5 M. O% D corrotto7 A3 z0 Z$ d( V' C
scegliere4 _5 o4 {# d3 z# _/ T# H
scelto1 l' Q' n/ C: S' W: n
prescegliere
. o( }: n- ]0 N% z) M0 ?) v+ O prescelto
# ]. ^/ p/ T$ [8 L0 [+ u scrivere& j; b6 L/ q7 Z# E
scritto7 y" M; C1 N& Z
riscrivere$ r4 n6 m$ Q- v( A) a. y. D( h
riscritto" S* B4 f% k" ~9 z6 L
trarre
; w' `7 Z: S" E4 m! L( I tratto
/ z# Z& H& [! j8 S ritrarre
, _8 n \7 i6 n7 y9 n) e ritratto
4 `4 f# F+ X- @: r9 k7 } vincere# [: O. j6 B5 s; y3 a( c. }( b- V
vinto( E: v1 ? Z! D; v5 Z, e
convincere
6 b8 H5 o8 J0 R/ { convinto
) p G$ F# p$ `" a; T) B volgere9 N5 H2 |' Y" Y6 w7 ^( Q) u
volto
5 {/ q. A! H. S9 r$ P6 [6 s0 q rivolgere
! [% [# s) ?7 q V* `$ N5 } rivolto
6 Q$ L" z8 ^- h The irregular past participles of many groups of verbs have repeating patterns. For example, the past participle of any verb that ends in -mettere will also end in -messo:- N" ]! L3 l' \: g- p4 m1 q. r$ [
ammettere (to admit, to allow in, to let in)—ammesso
+ {; I5 q1 i) a; x+ I$ V/ g$ E1 F commettere (to commit, to commission)—commesso/ j' G. ]$ e& d8 z2 E' a
dimettere (to dismiss, to remove)—dimesso( M0 v% N ~+ {" q' m
omettere (to omit, to leave out)—omesso
9 O0 S& U" ]7 s: {6 i S, c rimettere (to remit, to refer)—rimesso3 ? N. Q8 O" ~, p
Once you recognize the patterns, you'll be on your way to rapidly becoming an esperto of Italian verbs! |
发表于 2012-8-17 13:41:37
