第八节 代词(一): Z4 w+ {8 O8 T8 s
内 容 提 要% a$ A8 M' N' u" C) Y' t
代词分人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、指示代词、关系代词和连接代词,它们在句子中承担不同的功用。 K0 K3 X! N4 h! @+ }7 A
人 称 代 词, ]. C9 @6 B7 G! o! o
一、主格人称代词有I, we, you, he, she, they, it,主格人称代词就是在句中充当主语和表语的代词
: m5 l8 t* Z' d+ s 二、宾格人称代词有me, us, you, him, her, them, it,宾格人称代词即在句中充当宾语(含介词宾语)的代词
# [- T5 K- P0 d' Y1 b, q 三、同步练习
' @8 A; ~' U( h% D$ I2 o4 S+ G 1) Archibald Motley's artistic talent [A] was apparent [B] by the time him [C] enrolled [D] in high school.
! N+ D# j9 O- n' ^/ b 2) Legends often contain an element [A] of fact, but [B] sometimes it is [C] totally [D] untrue." A5 V- r. c/ q% q6 k3 H+ v$ H' |$ k
3) Unlike [A] road vehicles, Hovercrafts have no physical [B] contact with the surface over which [C] them [D] travel.8 [# s$ D3 T: M+ |
4) Let you and I [A] promise that we shall always [B] dare to do [C] what is [D] right.2 R1 V% d' C+ T) E/ z5 R5 e
5) Most of we [A] know that conductors direct their orchestras with a baton, but how many [B] are aware that [C] they also direct with their faces, hands [D] , and shoulders?- v7 N7 F6 W# \/ h" I! q0 Z
四、例题解析
8 r& ? b C- [3 O 1) C错。him是宾格,而此处却需要作主语的人称代词,故应将him改为主格he.
3 N# x: V8 Z- J* T5 g) @2 l) y N 2) C错。 改为they are.C处代替的是“Legends”而不是“an element”。 {; }3 `' V/ Z( e( H
3) D错。them也是宾格,应改用主格they,作定语从句中的主语,谓语为travel.
! Z: n$ c; s' @1 w% n; [. X8 d 4) A错。 改为me.3 g" N/ R; u0 |- ]8 L
5) A错。改为宾格us,因为前面是介词of,us作其宾语,故用宾格。
. k% j7 ]5 B* c1 d. j 物 主 代 词
1 b8 Z7 U& ^/ d$ K# C 一、表示人的物主代词用my, our, your, his, her和their,指无生命的东西用its(但指国家时一般用she或her),它们在句中作定语
0 F' }9 F# C% A 二、名词型物主代词能作表语(It's theirs)、主语(Mine is there)、宾语(I don't like hers),与of连用可以作定语(the food of theirs)。; K( C1 k2 W* y% G, W+ M( a
三、同步练习
# [2 y' U) ]% `4 g5 [. g 1) A scientist bases its [A] work on hypotheses that [B] have been checked [C] through careful [D] experimentation. _3 e9 ~" r7 K0 L7 y
2) Crude rubber is an [A] elastic(有弹性的) solid with a specific gravity of 0.911 and a refractive index(折射率) of 1.591, though it [B] composition varies with different latexes(橡浆) as well as [C] with the way it is prepared [D] at the plantation.; O/ O% L& t6 K) S" b' }
3) Manufacturers [A] of consumer goods [B] often change [C] the styles of them [D] products., [( s8 j9 z$ f) k+ S
四、例题解析. ^. z: H, O ~6 M
1) A错。 改为his.
9 T, D+ {1 P, ?& A4 C1 E: W 2) B错。 改为its.
* ^! a! m1 P+ n* ] 3) D错。 改为their.# M" M, O" w& g( w* n
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