第八节 代词(一)
* Y. |, e2 s6 h8 J/ D' K$ c. h 内 容 提 要" _8 u6 w$ g" p
代词分人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、指示代词、关系代词和连接代词,它们在句子中承担不同的功用。# h% W* u) C _' X) X! c
人 称 代 词
1 o: x2 V6 z, u" k$ o3 y. A 一、主格人称代词有I, we, you, he, she, they, it,主格人称代词就是在句中充当主语和表语的代词2 P* v( A( ~4 M! N6 x, \+ M' S
二、宾格人称代词有me, us, you, him, her, them, it,宾格人称代词即在句中充当宾语(含介词宾语)的代词) W7 L4 w u2 t6 v/ j9 n
三、同步练习2 ?/ ?, o8 \8 C" D
1) Archibald Motley's artistic talent [A] was apparent [B] by the time him [C] enrolled [D] in high school.
% ?0 N# Y! v. d9 N+ e4 x 2) Legends often contain an element [A] of fact, but [B] sometimes it is [C] totally [D] untrue.
* a- z9 o) }. \3 w- O 3) Unlike [A] road vehicles, Hovercrafts have no physical [B] contact with the surface over which [C] them [D] travel.
' v8 E$ L+ N3 v' D 4) Let you and I [A] promise that we shall always [B] dare to do [C] what is [D] right.9 L+ [7 i4 C! C0 r
5) Most of we [A] know that conductors direct their orchestras with a baton, but how many [B] are aware that [C] they also direct with their faces, hands [D] , and shoulders?% D5 b/ `: }6 R0 T/ F2 ^( f
四、例题解析
$ y! k/ u4 C0 r 1) C错。him是宾格,而此处却需要作主语的人称代词,故应将him改为主格he.
0 i' K- r& P* q* _! r: e 2) C错。 改为they are.C处代替的是“Legends”而不是“an element”。
$ }% Z; O& X* _ 3) D错。them也是宾格,应改用主格they,作定语从句中的主语,谓语为travel.$ T1 n( \" M" u3 h+ f7 d r) G
4) A错。 改为me.1 Q' d! f. E1 J( ^! v3 ^
5) A错。改为宾格us,因为前面是介词of,us作其宾语,故用宾格。# n: h9 X7 q& r
物 主 代 词2 I2 P3 [* ~3 m
一、表示人的物主代词用my, our, your, his, her和their,指无生命的东西用its(但指国家时一般用she或her),它们在句中作定语& a9 Z! o J& X
二、名词型物主代词能作表语(It's theirs)、主语(Mine is there)、宾语(I don't like hers),与of连用可以作定语(the food of theirs)。0 a, i, W' B, j) c
三、同步练习
) d2 D! [2 t U' u+ J! O+ K1 d 1) A scientist bases its [A] work on hypotheses that [B] have been checked [C] through careful [D] experimentation.! k$ w8 c/ {/ \! k4 H. n
2) Crude rubber is an [A] elastic(有弹性的) solid with a specific gravity of 0.911 and a refractive index(折射率) of 1.591, though it [B] composition varies with different latexes(橡浆) as well as [C] with the way it is prepared [D] at the plantation.
; ]/ w+ p" d7 C$ `+ [1 B 3) Manufacturers [A] of consumer goods [B] often change [C] the styles of them [D] products.& O1 o# _$ D @) y0 U! {8 I
四、例题解析9 C% Z! R0 \. J {6 }1 ]. g! I
1) A错。 改为his.
0 L! B# L2 k; d6 F& G) f 2) B错。 改为its. z$ h* Y4 u1 v$ I, W: }
3) D错。 改为their.
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