2011成考高起点英语语法归纳与练习18

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第十八节 —ING分词
    -ING分词的形式
/ G' k* z0 C% g1 t; Y- a; e; ~    -ING分词是指由动词原形+-ING构成的、具有完成时态和被动语态的一种非谓语动词形式，具体形式如下
    主动形式 被动形式
3 z) M% @( q  n3 X; l    一般时 doing being done
    完成时 having done having been done
$ L6 m0 z5 X1 g4 W- P* L- k" p    就其语法功能而言，它可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。
    -ING分词的用法
    一、 作主语
    1. 一般形式
    1） the matriculation for postgraduate is probably the turning point of my life.
+ q/ R( x# F- V& P, l+ F    [A] Taking the part of [B] Taking part in [C] To take the part of [D] To take the notice in
    2） a teacher is being present at the creation， when the clay begins to breathe.
& w6 A5 c: p% u. X% o* y6 V2 M7 I8 K    [A] As[B] To be[C] Is[D] Being
    3） by transforming the blame to others is often called scapegoating.
    [A]Eliminate problems[B]The eliminated problems[C]Eliminating problems[D]Problems are eliminated
9 Q6 J+ j; D) I9 x! L    2. 有时可以用it做形式主语
    It's waste of time arguing with the gossip about it.
    It's interesting having traveled to Beidaihe this year.[说明：从这句中我们可以看出，这种结构通常适用于名词和形容词。但不适用于像possible， important， essential， necessary等表示性质的形容词，这些词后面一般要跟动词不定式。我们不能说 It's quite necessary taking part in the negociation.应改作It's quite necessary to take part in the negociation.]
  |$ c* y1 x: e    It's glorious getting involved in working out the plan.
1 ^9 [- F& R  |1 w5 C$ d' ~1 T' |    4） It is [A] possible determining that [B] French explorers reached the jucture of [C] the Kansas and Missouri rivers [D] in the seventeenth century.
% R; `: U+ x" N    二、作表语的-ING分词
# n0 C# e0 E/ W3 q: N5 i% q( I, I    Seeing is believing.
    His aims are learning two foreign languages and applying the theory he has learned to practice.
    三、-ING分词作动词宾语
# }: M5 _+ K7 ~& h  G    1. 一类是动词或短语后边跟宾语的非限定性动词只能是-ING分词，如：acknowledge， admit（坦白，承认）， advise， advocate， anticipate， appreciate， avoid， can't help， consider， contemplate（深思）， delay， deny， dislike， enjoy， escape（躲过，避开）， excuse， fancy， finish， give up， imagine， include， keep on， justify， mean（意味着，等于）， mind（在乎）， miss， postpone， practise， prohibit， put off， quit， recall， regret， resist， resume， risk（冒险干…）， suggest， threaten.
* ?0 {7 i& p7 V1 m8 j2 \# R( Z    5） By taking the back way he escaped .
, U9 W1 ]: d7 M1 H% g    [A] to be seen [B] have been seen [C] seeing [D] being seen
    6） I came late and missed Jack winning.
    [A] to see[B] seeing[C] see[D] seen
  T+ Z$ R* l! @+ ?. U2 T& E    7） “I see our boss coming down the hall.”
- r2 n! z: S5 }: f7 h7 _, ~+ u* Y" k    “Then we'd better quit and get down to business.”
% j; d; W" N, X# M" S    [A] talking[B] to talk[C] from talking[D] having talk
    8） The young doctor first [A] practised to use [B] the needles on [C] his own [D] wrist.
' e& k- g! \, x. S/ n8 R    9） Some experts have advocated to bring [A] that country into [B] the talks， to revive the intermittent dialogue [C] that began [D] after the 1967 Middle East War.
    2. 另一类动词后边作宾语的非限定性动词可以是-ING分词的动名词，也可以是动词不定式，如：attempt， begin， can't bear， cease， continue， deserve， endure， forget， go on， hate， intend， like， love， need， neglect， omit， plan， prefer， propose， regret， remember， start ， stop， try等。（动词后接-ING和不定式时在用法上的区别在下一章讲）
    10） “What's wrong with Henry？”“He needs .”
    [A] cheer up[B] to be cheer up[C] cheering up[D] to cheered up
% F7 [) @6 Z7 `0 x& a$ ?: T    11） Any such news would start her .
0 B% O' K8 o7 A0 O& ^    [A] to worry[B] worrying[C] worry[D] worried
    3. -ING分词作宾语还有下一结构，即用it代表-ING分词，而把-ING分词短语放到句子的后边去
+ z4 J1 l+ K4 ^    I consider it worthwhile spending ten thousand yuan on the furniture./Marry fount it marvellous having a journey with him.