动名词 三个基本句型+ v3 \& c. d- ~+ B) C6 }
▲主+系动词+表
2 \% _2 d1 ~, V+ n# w# @ The earth is a globe.
/ H+ l2 Y: J; q8 ?, y5 m 我们居住的地球 是 一个大球体% E `3 S& T" C( G1 `
The earth where we live is a big globe.# j7 ]# o; \5 Q3 M& l# c
▲谓+主+状 = there be
* X* @. k- T6 L. X There is a book on the table
9 ?% q: e: n* t1 T 然而,在那个国家还有成千上万的年轻人 却很难找到工作。& u y) ]" l8 u+ }" ]
However, in that country there are also thousands and thousands of young people who find it very difficult to get work.% R2 U: r9 ~8 |5 j3 A# C3 [' l
▲ 主+谓+宾+状/ ], c: l' y7 R1 i9 L1 E0 i/ X
The tree saved their lives in the flood(s).+ K# }) J% N7 j- \: S
正是那棵树 在洪水中救了 他们的命。: \- V4 ~7 V% m7 T2 x
It was the tree that saved their lives in the flood(s).
/ m6 Y, D# h$ w' C$ S! ]6 _! p 我们 无法想象 在那个遥远的星球上存在什么东西。3 V8 R' g W4 i
We cannot imagine what exists on that far-away planet.5 p& s& c- y0 i# d
非谓语动词
8 W% A, Z' {: k: S8 g7 |4 B2 v 在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式,动名词,和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。# h% v$ m9 Q; R# \
1)不定式! @$ k7 B/ M$ s/ [) j& B
时态\语态 主动 被动" [' g: O' r# ^; u9 P! m; ?
一般式 to do to be done
3 J* d+ U5 d2 P 完成式 to have done to have been done
K+ V3 [! y/ X2 b4 I1 V$ w4 K 2)动名词; n- u' y. a* S$ y7 Z" N
时态\语态 主动 被动
6 m2 v9 B4 {' q/ e5 ` 一般式 doing being done
$ W/ _3 o* k+ V a N3 t 完成式 having done having been done" `5 |. h$ x8 t$ H7 `+ k) t
3)分词) |% |' K7 \; M1 _1 ]9 J
时态\语态 主动 被动# a3 E, M$ }2 E3 d7 {8 k
一般式 doing being done$ [' z, k8 F. L8 ? b
完成式 having done having been done" s, W8 [8 D( J. W
否定形式: not +不定式, not + 动名词,not + 现在分词' ]. K* R9 |8 ^- I( Z$ W
动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式,由动词原形加-ing构成,它在句中起名词的作用,可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。
4 u! C9 T/ i9 T% Q 1、 动名词作主语% r9 t/ G/ I/ r4 s) W7 W
Walking is good exercise.
, A2 L2 o' }# K D: Y 走路是很好的运动2 R- |. ~9 v {( y' G% o+ ]4 l) G
Seeing is believing.# F; K, G" C: V* S% |, s0 w) z9 S9 H
眼见为实。
) y6 x2 \* L p5 D Smoking may cause cancer.
2 J7 c2 f8 ]0 t( e0 I. |4 D( R 吸烟可能导致癌症。
* C3 B5 y( b/ G" v1 G, s% p- h5 Y Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours.5 R8 D- y. k9 t4 \1 u' N9 \: o# C. \
乘火车到杭州要16个小时。( b2 k" l5 U# g! H- c* I% R8 O/ a
Swimming develops the muscles.
: y6 o9 R: p. E7 Z 游泳可以发展肌肉。% h& h* l! }0 l: U8 }) J. q8 n
通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长,用it作形式主语。如:0 X% @8 ^$ P& T) ]( \ _- }, \6 w
It's nice talking with you.
" T& N4 J9 I' u! p% j5 T5 D- _ 和你谈话很高兴。
% }3 N5 `) }7 \2 W- D0 Z It's no use arguing with him.
5 G; z% ?2 ?* W+ E5 M 跟他争论没用。
$ f0 V; ~1 b+ C& }# P It is no use sending him over. It's too late already.
$ ^; ?+ ]$ r; E9 A" h8 J 派他去没用,已经太晚了。
( A7 L/ a" L, R( I( R1 | It was very difficult getting everything ready in time.$ v! c% k$ O, Q
要把一切按时准备好很困难。
* s# P, U) `: S1 Y# P1 p9 b "There + be + no + -ing"结构,如:; Q0 A5 P: i6 G4 P$ u
There is no joking about such matters.
! y- y& U1 Y! [) u3 y# J! W. o 这种事开不得玩笑。. x1 V' H. x+ Q6 J: u0 Z
There is no harm in doing so.
# o, u. p+ K& g& y) z+ g" W 这样做没有害处。
! e% J$ }; ] _ There is no denying the fact that the new method has greatly raised labour productivity.
. H. l: V( x! z' c7 d 不容否认新方法大大提高了劳动生产率。
0 L m& G8 b6 i$ Z Q2 ^! _, D9 X! m4 g 2、 动名词作表语" I6 f- C, w; F! g: V9 ^
Her job is raising pigs.
( e2 t7 s* b3 d 她的工作是养猪。
% ^0 }3 ^3 H) S4 f This food smells inviting.
% s& t% S/ V; z. I8 w$ e 这种食物香味怡人。
9 c* b0 \0 ~0 {1 m The only thing that interests her is dancing.* |. F) B$ |/ J S1 B8 k
她唯一感兴趣的事就是跳舞。
' K$ W* s \7 J: G: L$ n My favorite sport is swimming., z# {" Q# k. {) c9 r8 ]
我最喜欢的运动是游泳。' _6 O6 S- H, K# D |1 ^) y
To keep money you have found is stealing.
/ `1 S# r r j! z8 w) c! k 捡到钱不交等于偷窃。
+ M' B3 c( W' S; d2 X" }5 q 3、 动名词作宾语
& C; j, Q8 {$ y5 S) L8 F Your shoes need polishing.' J! k8 z' b7 l; X; Q/ q7 I
你的皮鞋该擦了。# i' u) @: H/ Y7 y+ ~( W
Jim dislikes eating chocolate.; I! R2 m L6 f* V, G2 g8 m, b
吉姆不喜欢吃巧克力。9 K8 D2 l& J) g1 K" O
Would you mind filling out this form?3 I& k2 c6 s8 z, G+ c6 K
请填一下这张表好吗?! V6 z+ n) q8 x$ O* D
She can't help crying at a sad movie.4 E; E: }9 I' A9 ]& [/ N
她看了忧伤的电影禁不住要哭。: O) K2 ]" }/ W8 q% u, `1 X* {
医生让多运动。) A: D. A% _. [# F. @
The doctor advised taking exercise." u' t: a" q1 o: M
The thief admitted entering the house.
4 a4 B# }" a0 J# W9 o9 H X 小偷承认进了屋。$ ~/ G! o# F- i) v. {# \
学生们的卷子改完没有?) s* ^! e5 e8 P
Have you finished correcting the students' papers?
5 f5 X9 x* J! _( j4 S3 v0 w, u- c来源:教育联展网-工程硕士考试站 [本文共有 5 页,当前是第 1 页] |