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[四级词汇语法] 英语四级语法辅导-动词的时态7

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发表于 2012-8-14 00:30:10 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  11.13 since的四种用法
" X+ u2 Y/ N. ?! m+ J9 Z# Q  1) since +过去一个时间点 (如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。
, A( R7 X, H* l" H8 Y; \  I have been here since 1989.- s; ?& ~' }% \. P3 Q2 A. ~# g
  2) since +一段时间+ ago
: ?1 X3 w  b0 X! t, h7 v: [  I have been here since five months ago.
+ u# _% p: p* [2 Y! U( q- E/ }0 p  3) since +从句# S) I3 O4 n/ `. w2 q& T( r- \
  Great changes have taken place since you left.
4 G0 F0 }3 E: S8 t; x/ h/ s  q  @: h  Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.
; N* E, m# v/ V8 v  4) It is +一段时间+ since从句
  P8 a2 Q/ d9 O  N  It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.* K* ?' n/ N1 _) O" y3 G
  11.14 延续动词与瞬间动词www.Examw.com# |  g" ~/ c, @# K
  1) 用于完成时的区别
" z) z6 I. t/ C1 T  延续动词表示经验、经历; 瞬间动词表示行为的结 果,不能与表示段的时间状语连用。* X1 }! G# y: g4 }
  He has completed the work.他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)
" Z9 d$ D; C! b) t2 t  I’ve known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)3 z( m" q4 y7 L! t5 }
  2) 用于till / until从句的差异% u/ c/ F+ A' [
  延续动词用于肯定句,表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句,表示"到……,才……"
% N3 P; v) L. P  L. r$ P  He didn’t come back until ten o’clock.
# a' ]1 N8 B) K* O& y2 I0 N  他到10 点才回来。9 D0 ^! j' y9 |- }6 y' P, b
  He slept until ten o’clock.5 A- k" P- q9 x1 `% n: _
  他一直睡到10点。
9 `. g3 ?7 x1 h( `: k  典型例题$ f4 ~7 N+ T* [" Q5 l
  1. You don’t need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
/ s4 }! H! a8 I$ W  A. had met B. have met  C. met D. meet3 s0 \  F) D! Z7 l6 H
  答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响,我知道她的模样,你不用描述。再次,several times告知为反复发生的动作,因此用现在完成时。
! Z$ l. W0 z5 F9 z  V& @  2.---I’m sorry to keep you waiting.7 N( T$ |" |, d# b9 A" f" ?3 {8 K
  ---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.* z4 p% s- N/ ^6 p3 H+ [& p2 `5 K
  A. have been  B. had been  C. was D. will be
8 M5 `' Q' N7 ~2 T: _  答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始,持续到现在,应用现在完成时
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