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[四级词汇语法] 英语四级语法辅导-动词的时态7

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发表于 2012-8-14 00:30:10 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  11.13 since的四种用法
2 F6 R  p+ N1 F- f1 q7 v  1) since +过去一个时间点 (如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。. j  r% ^) d4 h5 i8 ]% ?9 Q- D
  I have been here since 1989.4 Y# J. r. f6 y7 F
  2) since +一段时间+ ago- ]" w6 V; b* l  m% o& [; W& z
  I have been here since five months ago.
7 u; h3 u" j( Y$ O# y2 K' Z  3) since +从句
$ A! L1 c5 u: h& G  Great changes have taken place since you left.$ n0 }- {1 s" G$ S1 A
  Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.) c  B* G  {3 |
  4) It is +一段时间+ since从句! X3 l% ^1 h% \- ]( n5 ~
  It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.
# K: V0 }7 W" @: @4 [) K  11.14 延续动词与瞬间动词www.Examw.com5 F, `. z! f) k
  1) 用于完成时的区别
: o" ^- g. u$ x# ^  延续动词表示经验、经历; 瞬间动词表示行为的结 果,不能与表示段的时间状语连用。
/ ?% x# {5 \9 L  He has completed the work.他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)& Y3 o% \, p0 l& o! ?5 z
  I’ve known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)6 u# {7 O8 O$ y
  2) 用于till / until从句的差异
5 }; }  X! j" H1 y8 Y  延续动词用于肯定句,表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句,表示"到……,才……"- x, f( q, w; b% d5 _
  He didn’t come back until ten o’clock.
; N4 q  q- f# W0 A  q' m  他到10 点才回来。6 ?- O1 X' q& e% Y
  He slept until ten o’clock.
& E4 T5 ^" {4 E& h  他一直睡到10点。
% O' C0 ?' U( ~9 f2 u  典型例题
8 J2 Z' P" K4 c  1. You don’t need to describe her. I ___ her several times.# T9 Y9 f4 \0 x* I; G
  A. had met B. have met  C. met D. meet
4 @: Y! l% I# d2 t  答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响,我知道她的模样,你不用描述。再次,several times告知为反复发生的动作,因此用现在完成时。
1 Q4 [' \4 F# R. S: H) K  U  2.---I’m sorry to keep you waiting.
8 A/ g3 B  `: R0 v& l  P  ---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.
7 @5 `9 {' m! f% u7 Z, _6 f  A. have been  B. had been  C. was D. will be
/ ~1 g7 V0 T$ r4 ^  答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始,持续到现在,应用现在完成时
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