I don’t see how I could have done otherwise. 我看不出我当时还有别的做法。 & N9 ^8 ]4 m+ f" h% q P S
Who could have supposed you were going to do such a thing? 谁会想到你会做出这样的事情。
' |# |# Y8 t" X/ L( W- W: x7 t Nobody could have foreseen such a calamity. 这样的灾祸谁也不会预想到。
# f2 a; b9 y/ ~2 s9 c# s (2)could have done(但不是can)在肯定句中,表示“那时本来可以…;差点就要…”,有时用来进行婉转地批评(与might同意,但语气更强一些): u. W R! h: u0 z r
We could have solved the problem in a more reasonable fashion. 这个问题我们本来是可以更合理得解决的。 9 K3 C# j! w- _2 N9 E5 z2 `
He could have told her, but he did not choose to. 他本来可以告诉她的,但他不愿这样做。 6 l% v3 {1 w9 O y, P
When she heard the news, she could have cried. 听了这消息,她简直要哭出来了。
. f% P5 ~9 E7 [$ N3 a8 o I could have died laughing. 我简直要笑死了。
* u- h' J( s3 h+ L" O8 c% h You could have been more considerate. 你其实可以想的更周到一些。 9 g, T# B3 `" D d! ?
We could have started a little earlier. 我们其实可以更早一些动身的。
; \' ~9 [* c4 ?! C. S; g& L The result could have been better. 结果本可以更好一些。 Z! r5 s7 d u3 G% r& H6 y
5、should/ought to have done的含义。 “should/ought to have+过去分词”表示“过去应该做谋事却没有做”;“should not/ought not to have+过去分词”表示“做了不应该做的事”。含有责备或遗憾的意思。例如:
5 i- F# Z/ L+ e$ ~' S- E. F You shouldn’t /oughtn’t to have come here alone at such a late hour. 你这么晚的时候本不一该一个人来这里的。(实际是一个人来的)
0 a8 ~- E. a* L) s: e% U, f, w She should/ought to have gone there alone. 她本该一个人去那里的。(实际上不是) : i- b: M3 x- t7 O7 F9 E
You should have come here ten minutes earlier. 你本应该早10分钟来才是。
, f7 a* L; v3 l7 p6 O The boy shouldn’t have been playing the piano. 那孩子不应该一直在弹钢琴。 , i/ J; l/ i; B( D) C# k
6、might, may, must表示推测时的区别: may,might, must可表示 推 测“可能”.根据表示可能性的大小,我们把这三个词排列为:might $ d$ Y4 a4 a- z; s' C
It might rain tomorrow. (将来)明天可能下雨。
2 O/ C, v/ K2 @2 w* d They might be watching TV now. (现在)他们可能正在看电视。 ) n2 I; k2 I& t4 f
Jane might have visited the Summer Palace last year. (过去)去年珍妮可能去过颐和园。 8 \2 A; ^1 A; V% s
He may have something important to do. (现在)他可能有更重要的事要做。 # e$ H! E, {# ^5 U2 w6 d9 l" w [
They may have been to Shanghai last summer. (过去)去年夏天他们可能去过上海。
% w/ g7 F( N G8 v" E" i6 G There must be something wrong with him. (现在)他肯定出问题了。 ; O( I7 ^8 K% E
He must have made a mistake. (过去)他一定是犯了个错误。
0 n7 ~3 j" x8 j9 f6 ^+ G 第四部分 几个用法的区别 d* O. w/ P3 s' h3 Y
1、 can 和be able to的区别。can在表示“能力”时与be able to同义。但是can的时态形式不如be able to多。在一般将来时和现在完成时中只能用be able to。如:
' f+ c, m D3 q, ?* r' s She will be able to dance in a week. 她再过一星期就会跳舞了。 4 L- N* u; H3 L, W" M N+ j
Nobody has ever been able to do it. 从来没有人能够做这事。
! W5 I. v6 W* q( j7 n 在过去时中,could表示具备某种能力,但不一定做事;而was able to表示努力设法去做谋事,成功后说明有能力,相当managed to do或succeeded in doing。这时,could和was able to是不能互换的。例如:
/ G {- B7 @, x. I5 s7 ? P! C When he was a boy, he could swim across the river in fifteen minutes. 他小时侯,15分钟就能游过那河。(could表示能力,但不一定这么做) - \5 R1 r8 O# V4 a
He was able to swim across the river in fifteen minutes last week. , h& ]6 `0 _9 x: J7 V: s0 G
=He managed to swim across the river in fifteen minutes last week.
! X7 r0 u2 e& n4 a1 {/ n" E =He succeeded in swimming across the river in fifteen minutes last week.
2 ?7 d+ A1 e5 O. u9 \* z 上周他15分钟就游过了那河。(was able to表示真这样做了,而且成功了。这里不能用could) |