I don’t see how I could have done otherwise. 我看不出我当时还有别的做法。
: N6 W# p$ a8 ]& [ Who could have supposed you were going to do such a thing? 谁会想到你会做出这样的事情。
. J! U, N1 ?6 g Nobody could have foreseen such a calamity. 这样的灾祸谁也不会预想到。 ; e! D& i: m- F) H- {" v/ K6 q
(2)could have done(但不是can)在肯定句中,表示“那时本来可以…;差点就要…”,有时用来进行婉转地批评(与might同意,但语气更强一些):
( \6 d0 t+ h( @# g4 x We could have solved the problem in a more reasonable fashion. 这个问题我们本来是可以更合理得解决的。
# [8 f8 n6 j' l! B) O x" e He could have told her, but he did not choose to. 他本来可以告诉她的,但他不愿这样做。
0 U y% X+ B( e When she heard the news, she could have cried. 听了这消息,她简直要哭出来了。
7 j, G- s3 l3 U5 c0 H' ` I could have died laughing. 我简直要笑死了。
2 j7 [* _: A# |$ M) f0 o* k You could have been more considerate. 你其实可以想的更周到一些。
3 h N ` n' S We could have started a little earlier. 我们其实可以更早一些动身的。 6 W& _" r# F1 H
The result could have been better. 结果本可以更好一些。
; ?5 D3 V+ c+ m2 N 5、should/ought to have done的含义。 “should/ought to have+过去分词”表示“过去应该做谋事却没有做”;“should not/ought not to have+过去分词”表示“做了不应该做的事”。含有责备或遗憾的意思。例如:
9 t, h8 |0 i5 ?/ p# N' ] You shouldn’t /oughtn’t to have come here alone at such a late hour. 你这么晚的时候本不一该一个人来这里的。(实际是一个人来的) 8 ?/ y; T/ D2 C/ x/ ^; Z3 q: Z
She should/ought to have gone there alone. 她本该一个人去那里的。(实际上不是) 9 F' r/ v7 i$ ^2 C& {
You should have come here ten minutes earlier. 你本应该早10分钟来才是。
9 l& m. R! v. Z) W) a1 r q The boy shouldn’t have been playing the piano. 那孩子不应该一直在弹钢琴。
- j. _+ F! D- }0 t 6、might, may, must表示推测时的区别: may,might, must可表示 推 测“可能”.根据表示可能性的大小,我们把这三个词排列为:might 0 p5 {- { e4 U7 \4 I2 _9 Z
It might rain tomorrow. (将来)明天可能下雨。 . V8 n4 F2 \$ l# ^" ` t
They might be watching TV now. (现在)他们可能正在看电视。
3 j) T @0 @) Q5 {4 A* n Jane might have visited the Summer Palace last year. (过去)去年珍妮可能去过颐和园。 ' g- y+ y W8 f
He may have something important to do. (现在)他可能有更重要的事要做。 3 A7 c& f2 \$ w3 T( l U, V+ |, c
They may have been to Shanghai last summer. (过去)去年夏天他们可能去过上海。
" f+ Z# ^% N; N* T- ^0 A6 o+ ]+ D There must be something wrong with him. (现在)他肯定出问题了。
$ \, x+ }3 l: I4 n7 Y! R4 h$ d He must have made a mistake. (过去)他一定是犯了个错误。 " B4 y8 X3 K5 ~. D& y! `, H
第四部分 几个用法的区别 4 l1 O6 k- B' K
1、 can 和be able to的区别。can在表示“能力”时与be able to同义。但是can的时态形式不如be able to多。在一般将来时和现在完成时中只能用be able to。如: " k: M6 l$ k$ L) l. V
She will be able to dance in a week. 她再过一星期就会跳舞了。 7 V: s2 o7 L U( t! g
Nobody has ever been able to do it. 从来没有人能够做这事。 - a- v0 M0 {. _/ i7 I8 ?
在过去时中,could表示具备某种能力,但不一定做事;而was able to表示努力设法去做谋事,成功后说明有能力,相当managed to do或succeeded in doing。这时,could和was able to是不能互换的。例如:
, U1 ?$ w, n4 a! k, d9 l9 u/ ? When he was a boy, he could swim across the river in fifteen minutes. 他小时侯,15分钟就能游过那河。(could表示能力,但不一定这么做) 0 ^) i9 H% q8 j Q8 B# K) B
He was able to swim across the river in fifteen minutes last week.
, D+ i/ l6 o/ D7 X' A5 T =He managed to swim across the river in fifteen minutes last week. - F. k O" }2 J; t |
=He succeeded in swimming across the river in fifteen minutes last week. 9 n# A8 w: C1 w2 D' g
上周他15分钟就游过了那河。(was able to表示真这样做了,而且成功了。这里不能用could) |