(fact: You often go to bed late, so you are always sleepy in the morning.) + g) s* ], V6 r, Q3 `- _
If this were the case, it would be very awkward. . R E% H" j9 _- p! p. C2 H
(fact: This is not the case, so it is not awkward.) 5 @8 I. k4 T" Y* d$ e5 L
Now let’s do some translation:
. N: H" C. |* Y7 Q5 N 要是没有虚拟语气,英语就会容易多了。
Q1 I( A; ]9 F! t If there were no subjunctive mood, English would be much easier.
( D, r2 D F' ^1 _ 如果我是你,我就在房屋周围种些树。 : n# g2 D: l" j; t
If I were you, I would (should) plant some trees around the house.
5 I7 o5 Q6 G" E1 ^5 u) e/ {1 T 如果我把头发染成蓝色,人人都会笑话我。
8 h1 c2 l/ W0 R$ }. \; b If I dyed my hair blue, everybody would laugh at me. Or: I would (should) be laughed at by everybody.
3 x% A& _& L) k" o/ n0 f+ \ 要不是她这么忙,她就会出席今天下午的会议了。 4 p. `" j" g+ c; O( k ]
If she were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon. 9 q) Q/ H& F- c: X0 N2 x6 `8 u
2、对过去的虚拟,表示与过去的事实相反的假设时,条件状语从句的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句的谓语动词用would (should, could, might)+过去分词。见下表: 条件状语从司的动词形式/ S9 r" S1 I+ ~, R" K* i' J4 F
主句的动词形式! w" [3 O- q/ n# Q8 D" K
5 n0 x( V, ~$ Z
If+主语+had+过去分词
, r5 p6 w! w# ?) u i(we)should+have+过去分词
, R- j9 `0 _9 }1 S主语+could (might,could)+have + 过去分词
. p. {6 j( g, n/ l2 r + A' q# R% E: s+ m4 l9 [% Q1 i
例句:
( L( G6 u' T1 B& q If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the examination. : y/ f3 b. i1 t+ y2 Z* E) o9 I
(fact: You did not take my advice, so you have failed in the examination.) * c% N, x8 \% ^! T( K2 ?% G \2 U
I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s examination. 1 m: g6 ^ l8 a. ]
(fact: I did not have more time at yesterday’s exam, so I didn’t check my paper again.) 9 l. f8 }! F+ o4 n! `8 p3 K1 {
He would have already recovered from his illness if he had seen the doctor in time. (fact: He didn’t see the doctor in time, so he has not recovered from his illness.) : w, v4 @& `0 w2 A' N& V: _# U
If we had known that she was to arrive yesterday, we could have met her at the station.
9 x/ w' z: C& q5 C. [1 ]! H (fact: We didn’t know that she was to arrive yesterday, so we could not meet her at the station.) / E/ J( w, j8 T8 ]- F0 s
You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turn, you wouldn’t have got so tired.
9 Q7 }, ~* b. h- t. ^ (fact: We didn’t drive in turn, so you have got so tired.) 9 n5 j3 M1 W0 U, |4 S( s
Now let’s do some translation:
+ ? n: V' Y5 M 要是有人警告过他,他就不会吃那个食物了。
7 E; ?; x3 r: P" h3 I$ j) _8 C If he had been warned, he would not have taken that food. . E1 D' N y/ @& [6 H5 X
如果你服从命令的话,灾难就不会发生了。 9 ]9 [6 M! J# n
If you had obeyed the order, the disaster could not have happened.
& d: O( i5 a# {2 W! x! {$ N 假如你早接受了那个有经验的老工人的意见,你的试验就不会失败了。 - I I w/ Q) t1 x i
If you had taken the old experienced worker’s advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the experiment. $ ?0 q7 _: d' G: [; _
如果我知道你要来的话,我就去机场接你了。 : T9 d9 N! I% H, d' E
If I had known that you were to arrive, I would have met you at the airport. $ `# b v; Y) C4 }
如果我的律师上周六在这里,他就会阻止我去了。 |