7. “the+形容词”表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数。表示抽象概念或指个别事物时谓语动词用单数。
- h- G0 R* l) c; e 如:The old are well taken care of. 老人得到很好的照顾。
" V- J$ g. E2 r( b5 j The beautiful is laved by all. 人人都爱美,
8 C& n3 m) g& M( w' Q* c% z0 ? The difficulty we do at once. The impassible takes a little loner.5 X4 k; J3 [* e" A) A
困难的事情我们马上做。不可能的事情需要稍微长一点的时间。& J3 G4 J9 S0 s5 a1 \; E. d
还有the unknown(未知的事物),the unexpected(出乎意料的事),等等。3 P3 @( j& r. v2 {1 u' U
8. 如果主语由"a kind/sort/type of this kind/sort/type of +名词”组成,不管名词是单数还是复数,动词通常用单数。
4 h2 l. ^$ M# Z2 b9 s, ~ 如:This kind of man annoys me. =This kind of men annoys me. 这种人让我烦。
' ^$ ^, E! p$ G6 W) e3 @ This kind of apple is very expensive. = This kind of apples is…这种苹果很贵。
# W, j+ a/ h; L+ Q2 ]" o' e 类似的还有:a portion of(一部分),a series of(一系列),a pile of(一堆),a panel of (一个小组委员会),
( X( _! o D! T) C 如:A series of accidents has happened here. 这里发生过一系列事故。
: r; G, z# p) h+ B. R7 O 9. Means作“方法、手段”讲时,单复数同形,其前面有each, every, neither, either,等单数a念的定语时,谓语动词用单数;若有all, both,these等复数概念的定语时谓语动词用复数。
! l/ B2 b9 l( m “None of the means”作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。
U, r3 V( l+ B7 f. J8 v/ E 如:There is/are no means of learning what is happening. 没法知道正在发生什么事。
g0 C. {' B y No means is /are left untried. 没有没试过的方法了。
% Q7 q( g" K/ d" a( P Every means is to an end. 每一种手段都能达到一种目的。
, ? U# q( N0 y$ g& X A bicycle is a means of transport. 自行车是一种交通手段。
8 g- B1 c) t! n, W All possible means have/Every possible means has been tried.所有的方法都试过了。
( [8 _" |" D4 N" f3 x, ^" V% D 三、就近一致* {+ Z& X7 O- x$ @" Z
1.当主语由either...... or. neither...... nor , not only ...... but(also) 或or连接时,谓语动词通常和最临近的那个主语一致。
3 @0 ~; f( m9 o 例如:Either you or he is to do the work. 不是你就是他来做这件事。7 h- p) G# p4 G
Not only you but also Tom often comes late to class. 不光是你,汤姆上课也迟到。 ]' Q2 B3 c( P2 u
Neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it.( q, g4 Q* ]; u* ]% C
孩子们和老师都不知道这件事。
. {* \4 _/ N3 a% ^" k! Y 2.当there be结构后面有并列主语时,谓语也和最临近的那个一致。 r- ~! G, j5 ?- J& O
如:There is a dictionary and many books on the table.
! o t: U: m# B* M. w5 c3 O; t 桌子上有一本词典和许多本书。
+ _5 N3 f9 e& ~) j3 j! F There' re ten chairs and a table in the house.
- b! M6 j; N9 u Z 屋子里有十把椅子和一张桌子。
) f8 ~9 x# m7 n7 _# Q" l! b Here is a pen, a few envelopes and same paper far you., T4 _9 Z, X+ X9 G' G) n
这儿有一支笔,几个信封和一些纸给你。' `' b" {0 |: p/ \/ T# X/ b
这种就近一致的情况在非正式文体中越来越普遍。但在下列情况不提倡模访。+ \8 P, @7 {, c6 Q* {
如:Where is your mother and sisters?
+ m1 I" f9 J0 _5 P" t1 P 你妈妈和你姐妹到哪儿去了?6 E, r6 @# n. q& O R/ p4 j
Is your sister and her husband coming to see you? |