7. “the+形容词”表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数。表示抽象概念或指个别事物时谓语动词用单数。
6 `8 ~* ?7 }" T8 k- s 如:The old are well taken care of. 老人得到很好的照顾。
& l( F7 X d7 T2 m( @ The beautiful is laved by all. 人人都爱美,
8 m4 e5 y" \0 h0 p5 p The difficulty we do at once. The impassible takes a little loner.
. ?. V6 Z* |" `8 E6 q' R9 h5 B 困难的事情我们马上做。不可能的事情需要稍微长一点的时间。& o0 k( t) f) T5 n7 y- c
还有the unknown(未知的事物),the unexpected(出乎意料的事),等等。
1 y K( ~% ^! A- P j V 8. 如果主语由"a kind/sort/type of this kind/sort/type of +名词”组成,不管名词是单数还是复数,动词通常用单数。
( b1 z1 g: h- V' d' e9 n7 |# m 如:This kind of man annoys me. =This kind of men annoys me. 这种人让我烦。
: }4 q, c5 e: c& Z# {% P/ t3 ^ This kind of apple is very expensive. = This kind of apples is…这种苹果很贵。; C8 s' ]. A% a$ I6 e
类似的还有:a portion of(一部分),a series of(一系列),a pile of(一堆),a panel of (一个小组委员会),
7 u/ A4 y5 h; |- J. a 如:A series of accidents has happened here. 这里发生过一系列事故。) x4 z: d- S" ]3 b
9. Means作“方法、手段”讲时,单复数同形,其前面有each, every, neither, either,等单数a念的定语时,谓语动词用单数;若有all, both,these等复数概念的定语时谓语动词用复数。, \4 P( \' z4 `, g0 ^) g
“None of the means”作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。
. b" D3 D: a; d 如:There is/are no means of learning what is happening. 没法知道正在发生什么事。
, [9 |$ s2 |9 b) _7 k5 Q+ i No means is /are left untried. 没有没试过的方法了。, F. l: I+ D. X9 C2 O g* i
Every means is to an end. 每一种手段都能达到一种目的。
0 B q$ a- ]" H$ W A bicycle is a means of transport. 自行车是一种交通手段。
! z K" p8 M9 A# g3 x All possible means have/Every possible means has been tried.所有的方法都试过了。1 a3 s f$ p0 u: j8 |" _2 E
三、就近一致9 i6 r$ W6 ]/ s2 ]1 O4 S& f
1.当主语由either...... or. neither...... nor , not only ...... but(also) 或or连接时,谓语动词通常和最临近的那个主语一致。, e# i. V% E8 r* E$ J
例如:Either you or he is to do the work. 不是你就是他来做这件事。0 E2 b. V* a8 C$ v* F# |/ @- m ~
Not only you but also Tom often comes late to class. 不光是你,汤姆上课也迟到。
3 _- ^4 f( F' n; C& C Neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it.
; d4 U* h" I: t( Y# n7 m e3 l( A% k! G 孩子们和老师都不知道这件事。
* m8 V# ^1 P5 W& Y 2.当there be结构后面有并列主语时,谓语也和最临近的那个一致。! m& o3 L0 L/ L- i) l# \
如:There is a dictionary and many books on the table.) e; ^2 v% Y/ S5 [' T9 |1 j
桌子上有一本词典和许多本书。! J# c' ^9 O- |: R
There' re ten chairs and a table in the house.
- B2 r7 V) Z& M' r; c 屋子里有十把椅子和一张桌子。
- c5 r: U( C& I- r2 X0 ] Here is a pen, a few envelopes and same paper far you.- L. g$ p5 K+ X2 N$ G
这儿有一支笔,几个信封和一些纸给你。1 F& c a& N: |- P' ^! P
这种就近一致的情况在非正式文体中越来越普遍。但在下列情况不提倡模访。
) m) q+ M& K* L( `. U* o 如:Where is your mother and sisters?/ c* H) n b8 s7 |) r- v
你妈妈和你姐妹到哪儿去了?
% S5 n/ q' ~! o* s$ K Is your sister and her husband coming to see you? |