知识要点:
I4 j9 B& V$ f1、熟悉并掌握并列句的结构和常用的并列词的用法;
6 m- U- u6 g5 _! O2 Y" F2、注意while, when 和 for等作并列连词的用法。
6 l2 _* ?) R+ B/ \1 n什么叫并列句:由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子叫并列句。
, w4 b- s% `* A: Z* O4 ?6 S' | [并列句的基本句型:简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句
3 s [2 E2 D/ P/ ?4 k0 M类型
, @. C# V6 E* l' o说明4 X f4 R' d2 ?5 N$ E8 ]6 u" h- I6 p) ~* b8 ]
连接词2 c1 [9 L" b: u( A J* l5 W5 o
例 句
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并列关系* c& w# d b& O# f1 o: ^$ ?
(联合关系): T1 n" X- v. P" U& f7 n- @5 B
and, not only…but(also), neither…nor等
3 Q/ y/ o: X; P, i" p6 n4 Y4 E' B I help him and he helps me. 我帮助他,他也帮助我。4 [3 u; T' S% R: e
Not only did we write to her but also we telegraphed her. 我们不仅给她写信而且还给她发了电报。
% h9 }4 G: d0 w. \ Neither I would consult him nor he would ask me for advice. 我不想与他商量,他也不会征求我的意见。0 S1 \5 ? E8 `- M6 {* {
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Z/ O; ?5 v/ n( `列
$ F; ^4 g- v B6 Q$ l+ F: D* t f- c转折关系5 ?3 w; O8 Z1 T9 _6 x% q7 U
but, yet, still, while, however, when等1 d8 k- p2 z: f% H- Q R# Q
He failed many times, but he didn’t despair. 他失败多次但并没有气馁。 U5 a8 c8 M+ F- t. _ ^) ]* S" g
She has difficulty in learning English, however, she works hard and is making rapid progress. 她学习英语有困难,然后她学习努力,进步很快。 X3 i! b4 H3 t
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or, otherwise or else, either…or5 o2 i" r0 } ]
We must hurry, or we’ll miss the train. 我们必须快点,否则会赶不上火车。
; Y+ X5 b X) i2 i Either you come to my place or I go to yours. 或者你到我这儿来,或者我到你那去。
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9 N% j4 E/ M% A因果关系* x9 W2 f* y+ d5 x) M
for, so, thus, therefore, and so
1 V4 e4 e/ `6 E9 `' r+ C We had better stay at home, for it was raining. 我们最好呆在家里,因为天正在下雨。
, r8 R3 ^! w9 X c9 h A He didn’t work hard, therefore he failed in the examination. 他学习不努力,因此这次考试不及格。
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有时也可不用连词,而用逗号,分号或冒号4 ]$ k; L5 R+ i5 ^ R7 G
Hurry up, it’s getting dark. 快点,天要黑了。
' v* C( T( }8 _) k8 [. z4 F Let’s start early, we have a long way to go. 我们要早动身,因为路很远。
* {# i8 `; @0 p& g) Q3 g注意:
& r6 m: @1 v. f5 d( H(1)yet和still是连接副词,也叫半连接词。它们是副词。又起连接作用,但不如and, but, or等强,用了yet或still,前面还可加and或but。
t# {2 O1 a! KHe is tired, (but) still he will make another experiment. 他很累,但他仍然要做另一个实验。
& [ v. ]' M. R- P+ \I got up very early, (and) yet I failed to catch the first bus. 我起得很早,然而还是没有赶上头班车
2 y/ I) k3 T) @. C" j(2)while意义相当于at the same time表示相反和对照,常用来连接两个意义对立的分句。2 f6 B; `$ T2 J! g) R/ C0 K) u
I like football, while my sister likes basketball. 我喜欢足球,而我姐姐喜欢篮球。( S- j) g7 K7 z. W
when = and then, just then或at that time, during the time.
* o8 U! M$ ?5 a; p. n* JWe were ready to rush away, when the snake moved. 我们正准备离开,这时蛇移动了。
/ V( }" c2 m. M$ Y% f6 Jwhile和when作为并列连词使用时常是放在第二个分句前边,并有逗号和第一分句隔开。
, M, f a& X% H& {2 L3 X3、for表示附加或推断的理由、原因。therefore比so更正式,and so比较口语化。 |