种类2 H1 d7 K4 a& v' _9 a
先行词: j) ~( g+ s, T- C9 f
关联词
+ ~8 Y1 y, P2 H, E, b; C例 句6 v0 O) k6 m4 ~; g
说 明
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8 E3 h; n; t& I% e& q7 j定
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句
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人- u% V7 g; D4 e: X) J# u
或$ k4 ` i4 S5 k v0 J! P6 A) q
物3 P( ?' F# i" x
的- g3 Q; @ ?" f5 P. w& `5 t! h: a
whose X% J1 i0 M8 V+ I+ G6 J
The professor whose daughter teaches you English is Dr. Williams
4 s/ W+ i0 T$ _3 A8 v那位教授是威廉斯他的女儿教你英语。
6 b; x ^/ u7 v! oThe professor, the daughter of whom teaches you English is Dr. Williams. 8 A% V# O: _. a- N3 A5 G8 K- Q
The bike whose brake was damaged has now been repaired.9 O. `7 L0 p ?) K& M0 U; [
那辆坏了闸的自行车现在已经修好了。
' e. E. ]* y7 e4 m4 @=The bike the brake of which was damaged has now been repaired " M$ U$ X; a" b6 h Q
whose在从句中做定语
( ~8 r1 [9 f( w3 o. B5 K5 |指某人的也可以用…of whom代替whose% y+ X' ^$ o: [! `6 ^+ b
, F2 J1 }) |7 a h) D! ]( o指物时也可以用…of which 代替 whose4 s8 i6 J- L) _/ b
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人3 B+ r' P8 f1 x, K. H3 [7 w
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或: p4 O/ q1 J* \4 O8 m1 n
that
+ x- l* W0 m S2 m w+ d7 }2 x+ z& d/ cThe woman that is playing the piano is Miss Zhang.
( K" B& {5 P* P9 a, Y3 u正在弹钢琴的那位妇女是张小姐。( A" f& i$ ~& Y# u2 n+ w* l) n
I’d like to see the films that are just on show.
3 \. Z+ E& V) T( }% E1 \8 [ y5 \我想看那些刚上映的电影。
( I6 {$ c; H, Wthat指人做主语
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$ x. O3 Y2 Y1 B ?+ T, Ethat指物做主语! T% {6 ?" N! i# R. o& H5 w9 a
: g: X( w; z3 T& X# ^种类
2 @% g7 d& t3 z- B4 Z% F( E先行词! K) ?: c1 s, O8 |# _ l1 Z
关联词
; q+ ~7 Q0 o) R* R$ T例 句
# Q7 O3 I; n3 r5 @0 c3 Y说 明
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& a% `% C5 a: r物
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all, little much和some,any every ,no 构成的合成代词1 Q/ ?# |+ }. |* x$ ^
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人
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( K- _9 V; J9 ^- n; |# d. ~物
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that
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that
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They talked for about an hour of things and persons that they remember in the school.
9 T2 t" O, j: X7 A) V5 j他们谈起他们所记得起的学校里的人和事,谈了大约有半个小时。, U( j4 f# ]; p+ ]1 E1 z( A
I’ll tell you all(that )I know about it .
3 ^/ ^! n' s" {. C: U7 d T我要告诉你我所知道这件事的一切情况。8 P6 _# k) n: `: |$ d) x
Is there anything (that) I can do for you?
6 ~) c h. C1 q; _1 R有什么我可以帮助做的事吗?
7 A0 K# @! D6 b' q1 a8 nI’ve brought everything (that )you need.- D. G8 r w9 u& U. P
我把你需要的东西都拿来了。
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8 f, }" e6 P+ f. w2 ^This is the best film that I have seen .
; r: |' U. t2 ]7 F, I0 J; @( j这是我看过的最好的一部电影。6 t: {4 {( [/ b) i3 Q+ G
The first place that we’ll visit is Beijing Library.
0 a- Y% X# q& t! O7 b* D我们要参观的第一个地方是北京图书馆& r; e* q8 Y9 j8 U
先行词分别表示人和物,关系代词要用that,不用who或which! J( Q# i6 F/ U* T \
先行词表示物,关系代词用that不用which, 在从句中做宾语可省去 。如果先行词是人时,关系代词不受制约,用that或who (whom), E5 c9 O; w/ K
均可 |6 d) t0 m: R
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先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时定语从句用that引导。
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1 C" i: Y5 z6 c- U) J/ c定
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语+ R [- a- H1 @; u9 ]* u$ |
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从. m( @2 h5 G& C7 e; @$ T
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句
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人
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5 R: ^: n: K [) \ W) }& I3 t或
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物
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He is the only person that is believable.
/ p) k! ~4 z O3 ~2 P他是唯一可靠的人。
8 C$ P$ ]/ V: g. S7 N% |0 s- M% rJohn is the very person that she wants to see.3 `# C ~& {0 s. Y4 j9 H; z
约翰正是她要见的人。
0 `/ x5 e# a5 IWho is the man that is talking with Tom ?' S( s( F6 a" G1 z b
正在和汤姆谈话的人是谁?
" @; ^. G$ T9 x I+ CWhich of the books that you bought is easy to read?8 S6 R) h5 E) g$ `
你买的那些书中哪一本容易读。
8 ?2 x3 ~! ]7 J* Q% n8 R4 ?5 |6 {; Q% f先行词被the only, the very,the same 等修饰时用关系代词that.5 |: |, \- D7 Y& Y' ?% ?' G r
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当主句以who、which开头的特殊疑问句时,定语从句要用that ^8 {% K+ I" Z& D; j
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when
; Q% [4 j+ N" ^He came at a time when we. needed him most.他在我们最需要的时候来了。
- t6 q, i* R# F. V" eWe’ll never forget the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded.
; G) I1 Z5 `' N2 s+ \5 d& B我们永远不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的那一天。: M( R! z; C- G# y2 V& t
在定语从句中作时间状语: U" a+ p* t3 a" D! t, P/ b
注:先行词是time, minute, moment, next tim很少用关系副词when,可用that 但通常省去。
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地点$ o% x* k/ m! d) k
where% \# L- W6 e- _) o. P
This is the room where he put up for the night.7 j2 D8 A% ]( U' m& D% T
这就是他渡过夜晚的那房子。
% V% t9 I$ s7 E: M' L' ^0 N3 S$ X0 E在定语从句中作地点状语5 S1 O0 d" _% K6 B. X( P
原因
: V3 ?1 e, `, M, [4 T理由- L7 ]% d7 e2 F7 J
why
( {: T. _* w+ z0 `3 pI know the reason why she studies so well .6 U# f! C1 S6 h1 R$ Q
我知道她学习好的原因。
9 z9 E" W# _7 U2 w& J) S. B, F在定语从句中作原因状语 |