倒装的六条原则: ! j- `( |) ^! J: z% x0 d" d, F
1. so放在句首时表示承前肯定,这个句子用部分倒装;
9 s2 |1 x4 C" d; cnor, neither放在句首时表示承前否定,句子也用部分倒装;
; U( k7 P% f( k0 h2 \- f, {2. 省略了引导词if 的虚拟条件从句,可以把从句中的had, should, could, were中的任何一个提到从句最前面的位置,构成部分倒装; 1 d0 T! B4 P' a4 |% v0 M2 q
3. as, though表示“尽管”时引导从句,从句中的表语可以置于引导词之前构成部分倒装;
# q" e* X+ V. }4 E6 A! l$ U 系动词后面的部分就是表语,形容词、名词、名词性短语可以置于系动词之后。
9 x0 \: K/ u O4 y8 b% j# ]' @ 例如:She is beautiful. They are students. ( y$ X5 u" L% e1 }! o" q5 W0 y
四级考试中出现的是由动词的过去分词转变的形容词作表语的形式。 : U) r ?! u1 R
26. _B_ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention. $ V3 ^3 ^5 E; f4 s( @+ U: o2 X/ |
A Being published B Published C Publishing D To be published 1 E8 S, Q0 V6 v& D4 x3 \
当题干是as引导一个从句,且as前为一个空格时他表示的就是尽管,空格处要填的就是表语。
! [& y+ a4 K, H# s, Qbeing published 正在被出版; to be published 将要被出版。
' N0 T8 T5 X) \此句恢复正常语序应为: As it was published at such a time … ' t, w& d8 s/ {, q& H9 m
4. 表示否定含义的单词或短语放在句首,句子用部分倒装; # ^: L% p( Q. ]8 S# {# @+ T
常见的一些表示否定含义的单词:never, little, few, hardly (… when), scarcely (… when) ;
6 R/ H& x4 P; ]4 m" L3 o* p, G) t seldom 难得,不常;nowhere 哪里都不。
, u: V0 R+ \/ z, _0 x7 X$ t常见的一些表示否定含义的短语:in no way 决不; on no account 决不;
" d: ^, l. o& J! n4 Funder no circumstances 在任何情况下都不。 ) L1 e; L9 U0 C: N. ]+ e
5. only + 状语放在句首,句子用部分倒装;(如果only去掉就是全部倒装) - f" p. O6 B/ ^" w8 i* S
43. Only under special circumstances _C_ to take make-up tests.
" X' O8 a x7 z- w# P5 d+ cA permitted are freshmen B freshmen are permitted + z# N7 B Z: [6 z& L. B$ g
C are freshmen permitted D are permitted freshmen 5 |5 X5 Z! @3 _+ W- Z
freshmen 新生; make up for 弥补,补偿; make-up tests 补考(缓考)。
4 S7 u% g, ]' L8 x4 E6. 注意两个表达形式:come what may 无论发生什么情况; say what you will 畅所欲言。
" q, I& R+ |0 P' ~. A7 `-------------------------1991-06-------------------------
8 l: Y) b/ x, S( w强调句式的补充内容:被强调部分是疑问词时的情况。
2 v6 F& s. y8 ^- c3 O# z, W3 `* d60. When I try to understand _C_ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.
9 l3 ?# Z, N, f( WA why it does B what it does C what it is D why it is
# e% [# K: @& l" n prevent sb. from doing sth. 妨碍(阻止)某人做某事。
8 @5 H0 l/ m2 w 强调部分本为: it is what that prevents so many …
/ u/ u+ u& {( n9 U$ I 又因为句中有疑问词,应写为: what is it that prevents so ... $ G, L4 v1 n( }% }5 _+ R
但强调句式在句中作宾语成分,故正确写法为: what it is that … |