2012年6月大学英语四级语法精讲（4）

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2012年6月大学英语四级语法精讲（4）
8 `+ M5 [3 ]; \. F* R动名词的复合结构：凡是一个动词的后面可以加动名词，就可以加动名词的复合结构。  
+ j( _* p$ p7 \% W　　动作发出者 + 动名词;当动作发出者名字给出时：名词所有格 + 动名词;当动名词的复合结构在文章中出现，且动作发出者在前文中提过时：形容词物主代词(宾格)+ 动名词。
$ U% e6 k2 H; P0 g: `0 L　　形容词物主代词：his， her， my， your， their， our。代词宾格：him， her， me， you， us， them。
7 D5 Y8 [3 d  @: Y* `$ M4 G5 {　　第二点：want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客观需要或缺乏。
. ?7 n! A+ C8 e1 ~  y2 r/ [　　例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow.
) y5 n0 \" V, ?; e& Y, M% s/ c　　A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut
4 S% _" W$ p$ ?" J7 G4 W* z　　注意：want doing 中doing表示的是被动含义。
8 C3 W; p" |& t: }0 P, C$ R　　例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.
　　A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned
( |) w, a/ n# B2 A* ]　　第三点：mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事，意欲… ;mean doing 意味着，…的意思是…
　　例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台]
8 ~% P- @& d% D% q- C; K  ^　　A making B to make C to have made D having made
     1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.  
% m! h' e0 V  D5 \/ N　　A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
　　watch 看电视用，看比赛用; see 看电影用;
, y6 u& t5 u1 [, q+ [6 f+ ~) @9 |5 p　　感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do
　　be erected 强调的是动作的结果; being erected 强调的是动作的过程。
3 ]% Y9 f* M+ M! ?8 S4 X$ [　　2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam. 中华考试网
　　A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
　　give up 放弃; give in 屈服，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体);
6 y6 Y2 _% f0 n) G　　give away 泄露，走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。
　　3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
　　A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
  x' w' s: b9 n2 F2 ?# ^$ ?, x　　keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
, P: g2 V' t$ u, b. k6 ^- r' ^+ m　　keep me informed 使我被告知。
: q9 D% G' I6 z! B& t# h& `　　4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
; f: J2 T# E' F; |2 k　　A after which B for which C with which D at which
! `! D  s/ f- ?+ c; g　　fight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); fight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 fight for 为…而战。
　　I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对付她。
       5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
6 r- l4 N# K( e7 e　　A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
( Y- u. Q3 Q9 {- F- H* m- y4 O7 W, {　　in spite of 尽管; carry on 坚持，继续。