2012年6月大学英语四级语法精讲（4）

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2012年6月大学英语四级语法精讲（4）
" K% C% T2 A9 c) h) ~" O动名词的复合结构：凡是一个动词的后面可以加动名词，就可以加动名词的复合结构。  
　　动作发出者 + 动名词;当动作发出者名字给出时：名词所有格 + 动名词;当动名词的复合结构在文章中出现，且动作发出者在前文中提过时：形容词物主代词(宾格)+ 动名词。
% d. I& ?/ h7 [) N' k# ^: d; ]　　形容词物主代词：his， her， my， your， their， our。代词宾格：him， her， me， you， us， them。
　　第二点：want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客观需要或缺乏。
　　例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow.
' i% E, G* f' u; k3 @# s* j( A　　A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut
& [" j0 P: D2 F# `, ?$ A, G* D" b/ d　　注意：want doing 中doing表示的是被动含义。
　　例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.
& W( ^: [2 N1 w" W' ]% Q　　A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned
( b9 @+ }+ @; |0 ]* u2 Z; r- O8 Z　　第三点：mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事，意欲… ;mean doing 意味着，…的意思是…
　　例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台]
　　A making B to make C to have made D having made
! e/ ~, w5 b& p8 v     1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.  
　　A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
7 e/ e$ b. s9 n, p* X  Z　　watch 看电视用，看比赛用; see 看电影用;
　　感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do
# R2 q" P* r3 M# ^　　be erected 强调的是动作的结果; being erected 强调的是动作的过程。
8 ]6 _/ S2 d6 _) R9 P& F　　2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam. 中华考试网
　　A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
　　give up 放弃; give in 屈服，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体);
- T6 \: `5 F2 W+ Y: C% J0 E　　give away 泄露，走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。
　　3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
　　A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
　　keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
　　keep me informed 使我被告知。
6 q' Q- E; c: R2 p- N1 _　　4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
　　A after which B for which C with which D at which
　　fight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); fight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 fight for 为…而战。
　　I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对付她。
* z* d! L5 B6 U# }" Z( r       5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
　　A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
　　in spite of 尽管; carry on 坚持，继续。