真题详解:2006.12
4 @' P$ d! A# t& x r3 @ 3.The victim _________________(本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time.
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[解题步骤]:7 i9 m- q3 j7 B5 K3 N
2 |5 j, K( Z% w4 W1 P7 J# m 第一步:由The victim_________________ if he had been taken to hospital in time.可以推出,划线处应该填写谓语动词和宾语使得主句完整,并且主句形式、时态根据后面的if he had been taken to hospital in time确定应该采取虚拟语气,是对过去的虚拟。# g6 \) \7 p/ a8 Q0 W6 ~ u4 I
+ G6 u% R8 s1 F! J 第二步:划分成分“本来会有机会活下来”. d. Y2 I/ p5 h& K0 N, [0 a
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核心谓语动词是“本来有机会------”,“活下来”作宾语。0 F. i8 `6 E3 V+ D
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第三步:
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1.切块对应翻译:“本来有机会------”= would have a chance to do sth,“活下来”=survive/ l; ~5 c# g2 N$ B1 t H, D0 a! ?
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2.重新组合:would have a chance to survive.
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[正确答案]:would have/stand a chance to survive/of survival3 e! M% E' s( o, p7 F
: z5 E/ e/ Y) i. e* ? [翻 译]:如果遇难者被及时送往医院的话,他本来会有机会活下来的。1 C- f4 |7 j q( H% u2 n7 w; k
" a( h) c* H# X- _0 W [考察知识点]:[虚拟语气]与过去相反的虚拟语气,从句用had done,主句用would have done' K+ Y: F! {/ p; h" v h/ ]2 M
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有机会做某事:have/stand a chance to do sth/of sth----' q8 C+ K& ~( M+ y" M
. ^; l* K" S5 ]5 D8 d+ i' L) z; r [语法讲解]:“虚拟语气”
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# K" J: Y0 [3 R4 c 考生应该注意以下几种虚拟语气的形式:
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第一种:由 “ if ”引导的虚拟句子 T6 R# Z0 @" m8 J
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1. 与现在的事实相反:[If --- + were/did---, --- + would do---]+ I% h2 V4 W% }& d/ F: G
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If I were you , I would marry him.9 ~7 B) c& [! Y1 | o! N
4 m4 ?: S4 t! c$ A3 F5 B 如果我是你,就会嫁给他。
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2. 与过去的事实相反:[If --- + had done---, --- +would have done---]" E9 z% z0 {1 d7 U) }
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If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam.- A% g% ]- g( c& Q5 \
& c$ c7 y; V/ o: z2 E9 r 如果你用功学习,就会通过考试了。转自:考试网 - [Examw.Com]( Y7 }) K. _' ?* ~1 H/ Z
4 u: A6 @, _9 n 3. 与将来的事实可能相反:[If ---+ should do---, ---+ would do---]
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$ F- T4 c3 `0 L n If it should rain tomorrow , what would you do ?' l+ n9 V! ]. e6 J
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如果明天下雨,你怎么办?2 O3 k0 b3 e- ^
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第二种:用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名词从句中" w: {2 i+ T* F2 k* Z
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从句谓语形式为:“---(should ) + do sth”(在美语中should常省去) 。
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类似用法的动词有:7 d3 q9 X) Z* I# |: W9 m0 Y8 f6 Z
/ w' v. E( [$ |) g: J8 N insist (坚持) , suggest (建议) , order(命令) , propose (建议) , demand (要求) , command (命令) , advise (建议) , desire (要求、请求) , request (请求) , require (需要、要求) , ask (要求) , prefer (宁愿), recommend(推荐) , arrange ( 安排) , advocate ( 拥护、提倡) ,maintain(坚决主张)等后面的宾语从句中。
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4 w3 j7 O( t. ?/ g; g$ t# u 第三种:用在“It + be + important (,necessary , natural , essential , strange , absurd , amazing , annoying , desirable, surprising , vital , advisable , anxious , compulsory , crucial , imperative , eager , fitting , possible , impossible , improper , obligatory , probable , preferable , strange , urgent 等, 以及insisted , suggested , ordered , requested , arranged , recommended 等) + that ---”结构中的that 引导的主语从句中2 q! Q- M) J% M9 r% ]5 i
6 L# o0 h7 R4 Q' Y 第四种:用在It is time that --- 结构中, 表示“该干某事了”, 含建议的意思, 用动词过去式。
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8 n8 Y' f( ] G5 e0 S$ w It is time (that) we went to bed .; w9 d: j) p6 `% F
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咱们该睡觉了。
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注意: time 前可加about (表示“大约”) 或high(表示“强调”) 等。 |