真题详解:2006.12# _: A+ }* }2 {2 n, ]+ u
3.The victim _________________(本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time.
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[解题步骤]:0 a0 p$ {0 {' m+ }
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第一步:由The victim_________________ if he had been taken to hospital in time.可以推出,划线处应该填写谓语动词和宾语使得主句完整,并且主句形式、时态根据后面的if he had been taken to hospital in time确定应该采取虚拟语气,是对过去的虚拟。) L1 y9 H/ _, [; ^0 w/ Y0 P
% z; g" h @+ c 第二步:划分成分“本来会有机会活下来”1 v9 ~7 @1 i6 M0 D4 `: i
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核心谓语动词是“本来有机会------”,“活下来”作宾语。/ i z/ L I( D m
9 A8 Z; @6 p+ z) p/ n 第三步:4 _/ g1 m1 I5 G7 d; v) C2 x
, ~0 n: y* T* ~2 b* W3 q 1.切块对应翻译:“本来有机会------”= would have a chance to do sth,“活下来”=survive
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1 l, X1 j/ q+ u1 B3 O6 t! o# Q 2.重新组合:would have a chance to survive.* Y5 x l) F2 o9 u
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[正确答案]:would have/stand a chance to survive/of survival
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[翻 译]:如果遇难者被及时送往医院的话,他本来会有机会活下来的。
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[考察知识点]:[虚拟语气]与过去相反的虚拟语气,从句用had done,主句用would have done
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% N% t5 D% a" i2 ]/ O* B1 Q/ V( T8 @ 有机会做某事:have/stand a chance to do sth/of sth----3 W$ d, k f: ~+ U" c
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[语法讲解]:“虚拟语气”, @% A5 e5 Y- B1 ~( P2 Z# O
! F. J1 J+ U1 q- c2 u 考生应该注意以下几种虚拟语气的形式:* O6 j. N* O4 D% f
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第一种:由 “ if ”引导的虚拟句子$ {1 P3 ~9 O: E1 T
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1. 与现在的事实相反:[If --- + were/did---, --- + would do---]5 V1 Q+ i8 t! m$ Y
* I8 ]7 g- Z# J0 P If I were you , I would marry him.
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如果我是你,就会嫁给他。
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! ^+ F9 A; k, ]- Q9 ]" @' Z7 L 2. 与过去的事实相反:[If --- + had done---, --- +would have done---]3 q4 E, l& r& u/ _; I- y+ X/ t% `
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If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam./ E" [& y9 c4 \$ `0 U
" A: Y* ~, @# N, {: O3 }/ p& Y 如果你用功学习,就会通过考试了。转自:考试网 - [Examw.Com]
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3. 与将来的事实可能相反:[If ---+ should do---, ---+ would do---]
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If it should rain tomorrow , what would you do ?( C+ I: ] `) f; r+ n
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如果明天下雨,你怎么办?7 h5 h& |* ~* [6 u
5 a) i5 E2 N7 h8 ?' B- J- i6 _0 b 第二种:用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名词从句中
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+ Y0 O [" ^. e( u0 N b 从句谓语形式为:“---(should ) + do sth”(在美语中should常省去) 。
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类似用法的动词有:5 J" n' a* }% ~' W1 g
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insist (坚持) , suggest (建议) , order(命令) , propose (建议) , demand (要求) , command (命令) , advise (建议) , desire (要求、请求) , request (请求) , require (需要、要求) , ask (要求) , prefer (宁愿), recommend(推荐) , arrange ( 安排) , advocate ( 拥护、提倡) ,maintain(坚决主张)等后面的宾语从句中。* n( I' ~! R) s0 B' j
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第三种:用在“It + be + important (,necessary , natural , essential , strange , absurd , amazing , annoying , desirable, surprising , vital , advisable , anxious , compulsory , crucial , imperative , eager , fitting , possible , impossible , improper , obligatory , probable , preferable , strange , urgent 等, 以及insisted , suggested , ordered , requested , arranged , recommended 等) + that ---”结构中的that 引导的主语从句中3 T$ ?. ~1 L7 @
# r, A9 u Y8 v; E5 n 第四种:用在It is time that --- 结构中, 表示“该干某事了”, 含建议的意思, 用动词过去式。0 n O, T, t, ]& X" j* o
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It is time (that) we went to bed .
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咱们该睡觉了。
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; C q6 S% ~4 X0 f 注意: time 前可加about (表示“大约”) 或high(表示“强调”) 等。 |