方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。 2 s& D* a# D5 u; k! {
1) as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体,例如:
) ?0 P7 [; r1 ^& B4 D Always do to the others as you would be done by.
- o4 \2 @; s0 o. N+ }3 d 你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待人。
9 ?0 l8 `: P- W7 y4 _ a As water is to fish, so air is to man.
# [% I, L6 r: |; ~, R% Z. \" i 我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水。 5 r4 k. z0 s, g2 d5 a7 S8 P. x
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 中华考试网
( }. F A; V- [/ j X ` 正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 ' C+ e2 W/ i" Y2 v
2) as if, as though
p8 o! G& t* X0 i2 ?, [3 @2 |: d 两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反,有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的","好像……似的",例如:
+ u# D; C- Z0 [2 b- W% i- n They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed. 8 d* T" }* C K6 h2 f) |
他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。)
) i+ v) t( n$ l) [6 C- T: n He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting. % @9 P; V, z/ [. s) D* l3 x2 \/ J
他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。) % t0 ], j& u( k* j# w) U
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
: l$ H4 ~' L& w' c9 ? 看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大,谓语用陈述语气。) www.ExamW.CoM
4 o* R" h W2 u; j5 p 说明:as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语,例如: , K# y* ~( I/ i! J& ]5 U# _
He stared at me as if seeing me for first time. ( F4 o* f* M; @% e% w p; I& T" b, `( k
他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。
4 H7 v3 D( V1 S" T He cleared his throat as if to say something. 2 a' p7 B( p' p6 @" b
他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 ) f: {0 W4 Y% t; M! P. q3 {: R2 o, l
The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.
+ i' I3 j* `; j- } 波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 |