方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。 9 G! X! k, a7 [, K5 n J
1) as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体,例如:
* O8 b0 n: _) f+ V# E& _* A2 F Always do to the others as you would be done by. % b! m0 n9 e t1 Q
你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待人。
0 x# s- o* i! g$ `' x- a As water is to fish, so air is to man.
. j; m/ @, {* ~5 c 我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水。 : h# o3 E) R. s \& P
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 中华考试网
9 w0 b2 [/ e$ I8 D: A, t 正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 * ~6 n; z5 d8 J% O
2) as if, as though
" Z) G; F" y# X1 `4 N' z 两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反,有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的","好像……似的",例如:
6 ^ n3 F7 p: }) }- p/ \' r They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.
: [' K; q9 W& H: z 他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。) . j# n2 q9 x# P; m, O; J2 V5 x4 F" p- W
He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting. % x$ \7 @. q: o: m, M: N2 v4 h
他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。)
4 z. t6 @1 S, y3 z' O$ B* @ It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
+ u5 X' C2 a1 o' J+ B2 j 看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大,谓语用陈述语气。) www.ExamW.CoM! ^ J+ X1 Q- M
说明:as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语,例如: 8 [/ E$ @1 o7 c* |$ M( g
He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.
$ A2 P% ^8 ?; `1 b Y 他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。
' V% t1 W# s% X G1 O He cleared his throat as if to say something. 5 ]2 B4 `5 q3 _: a7 C# {" r" a
他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 7 _1 I! u U( W) x
The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.
M2 q2 a8 z" Y 波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 |