方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。 7 Y4 t+ C+ g6 b; _
1) as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体,例如:
/ e2 \ F, M: l( e0 P( @ Always do to the others as you would be done by.
& c4 d4 [1 a$ v 你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待人。
/ H& W2 g3 ~- W7 U7 _ As water is to fish, so air is to man.
* Y. o9 y, `4 N 我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水。 1 E I, A+ B% Y" k8 w7 G" S
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 中华考试网
! d% R1 b; r8 }6 _$ B( W 正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。
& g G$ ]* l1 d$ i$ } ] 2) as if, as though 9 x- D4 C+ h7 t6 e3 y. p
两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反,有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的","好像……似的",例如:
1 |* ]1 X) Y! h6 x5 t* W They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.
5 W; k0 M, y" h1 } C3 v 他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。) 2 J& T# O# V5 X4 X2 {# C
He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.
; ^% B; G+ O) R; D4 q' v 他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。) - a( v% I7 q, G9 O/ C1 v8 {7 l
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
; o" r! k! A/ N9 l& ?1 s 看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大,谓语用陈述语气。) www.ExamW.CoM- j$ F/ t7 [/ Z9 `3 P8 v
说明:as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语,例如: 6 F) m$ g0 v/ K& _2 R! f
He stared at me as if seeing me for first time. 3 g2 W) f0 @" _3 y
他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。 2 }% u' ^- \( M$ m. k$ D
He cleared his throat as if to say something. 5 h, [' f/ k) c, D4 N; y Z2 r/ P
他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 ; G- m5 B8 f6 P: }$ ~& ?
The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.
0 O O, E, T; g- o& J! S! k+ L 波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 |