本期重点:时态、语态、虚拟语气 x. G+ N4 i$ w3 M3 I4 R$ E
① 时态错误
' g9 Y2 ]4 Q3 h' S% v" r2 T在一篇结构完整、语义连续的短文中,时态的使用也应该连贯一致,但是英语表示时间时,主句和从句时态可能不一致,却仍表明完整正确的意思。这就要求考生对英语敏感,准确判断句中动作的时态。
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② 语态错误' Z9 n7 l+ X7 G2 }0 X5 G7 v( Z
在CET-6综合改错题中最常见的语态错误是被动语态被误用为主动语态。因为汉语表达习惯上有时不加“被”字也能表示被动,因而考生对被动语态不敏感。另外,不及物动词不能携带宾语,因而也就没有被动语态。 9 `/ P0 a9 n+ @4 H; K7 ]
③虚拟语气错误 L* y, i$ E) c; E" @6 n" Y
虚拟语气的使用错误在综合改错题中主要表现为主句和从句的语气不协调。
2 d' b; t' x! E$ J. n考点例析:
' {2 o% J& {: \ g例1:In the mid-1980s the frequency of infections and deaths started to # v9 r1 _7 \; R3 ^
pick up again around theworld. Where tuberculosis vanished, it S8._______
! m0 b* R. O/ T8 D0 _! p7 bcame back6 M! p5 I% v7 H3 K9 c
解析: 这句话的意思是:结核病在已经绝迹的地方又卷土重来。从句谓语动词发生在主 句 谓语动词came之前,所以要用过去完成时,故在vanished前加had。2 |" [7 Y/ v2 r
例2:In the ancient world and the Middle Ages philosophers discuss motion. ________% h/ o6 {) b& E! H# j1 |9 J
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解析:此句的时间状语是In the ancient world and the Middle Ages,所以谓语要用一般过去时,故将discuss改成discussed。
' G. ~: r7 M8 k" U$ s例3:She was very angry at not telling the truth when she listened to the account. _______8 e- c1 r4 }% P* _9 B. k4 s
解析:句意:当她听这个叙述的时候,她很生气没有被告知真相。这里“她”是被告诉的对象,因而telling应改为being told。* W' i G8 N. o6 U3 e; s& G
例4:We strongly suggest that Henry is told about his physical ___________% Q) }# C4 |/ a9 Z
condition as soon as possible.
9 B: e' a* T" N5 U! J解析:句中动词suggest之后的从句应用虚拟语气,故“is”应改为“be”或“should be”。类似的动词还有demand, insist, order,等等。
& T ^% K# Z% D! Z4 q巩固与拓展' w$ j, z, L: f% z" T/ {
1. Do not send a photo unless specifically requested. If you have to ) J$ L1 ?/ D4 t( d
send on ,make sure it is one taking in a professional setting, rather ___________
8 E6 m7 q0 B& E% r+ ~1 [4 m) Ythan a holiday snap.
1 K$ Y+ o4 n0 F5 O6 |( I4 }# O2. If the operation have not been planned in advance, a great deal of _________
2 ?' U7 U$ n; G/ {- E4 stime and miney would have been lost.
* T; s7 i% H/ w, Y0 m$ k8 D2 A0 x) D. e3. Not only they bring snaks and drinks, but also they __________0 Q8 o! w2 m0 ]" R* W4 O9 m
brought cards for entertainment.8 p- h, |$ h' C9 ?/ h, U2 M3 @
4. Scientists have also discarded another old stereotype that almost' Y% X% b+ E2 j/ h/ i5 T7 O
all dyslexics are boys. Studies indicate that many girls are affecting __________ `, Y8 q. ?+ I3 b
as well and not getting help.
2 W$ ]3 Y$ n3 H2 X/ A5. The Rule here is to keep it factual and Truthful--exaggerations
- x8 [# O' q" E2 Husually get find out. And remember to tailor your CV to each ________: ?, p% s7 O/ e6 Q, T; w9 D3 Q
different job.
9 h8 Y% A$ t) |6 H1 e6 f* h综合训练- S [9 s+ o3 C+ a R! ]
The white House began to be built in 1792, but it
- T6 k- t4 B/ O$ @, b( F6 gwas not completed until ten years later. Every American president lived
& g J5 f O; d. T, u3 pin it except for George Washington, although he did have a ___1_____
3 T& k, V! E5 P2 h- I1 l% l nmajority part in designing it. ____2____
, v8 T/ f2 R: o( KThe government held a competition to choose the best
6 B% r/ T# o) T0 }9 }8 `* b# H7 D( Cdesign for the president"s house. The winner was a young man of ____3___5 ?2 O8 z, A( A# r: Z! ], G
South Carolina, James Hoban. His design was a three-level
# [+ @) R m# @7 Uhouse of stone. And President Washington made some changes 7 P5 e; a0 E. S9 [' I
in the winning design. He made the house long and wider, and ____4___
/ j- c& d$ G3 {9 o' wchanged it into a two-storied house instead of three.
) w. L) y% s3 a2 O6 ^( Q, w \ ~3 D; OThe second president, John Adams, was first to live in the _____5___+ N/ }+ v% b% |+ h9 s* l9 o
White House. When he and his wife moved onto the new house ____6____0 x" W8 X/ @- i2 ^# P$ c9 ~( V
in November, 1800, work was still going on, although the main( m- m2 q' c+ z% g% ]/ ~
live area was completed. The whole work did not finish until the ____7____- x4 I* Z1 d; t
administration of the 3rd president, Thomas Jefferson.
x- o7 d3 ?8 z1 R& M- zTwelve years later, the British army invaded Washington
/ a' H8 @/ b1 c( o( H8 {! @and burned the White House. The fire completely destroyed the
- P; G) U" j7 @$ y" A8 \inside of the building and experts said the White House was so ____8____
, T0 {# F5 P" p% \6 k" g3 ?dangerous to live in. Later on workers rebuilt the inside of the 6 \0 _9 Y) U E3 X6 n
White House. More offices were added, most of which underground. ___9____
9 @+ O P5 C' S |+ ?! z8 [None of the work, however, changed the appearing of ___10_____
: A& n; [2 e) L; Q$ \7 Mthe building. Many people asked why the president"s house is called
* ]& _7 h z% q4 Q2 ]the White House. Historians say it has been so called simply because 5 x- b3 O- s1 a' o. A
it was painted white. |