大学英语六级：短文改错(十三)

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 10:46:58

本期重点：时态、语态、虚拟语气
①　时态错误
在一篇结构完整、语义连续的短文中，时态的使用也应该连贯一致，但是英语表示时间时，主句和从句时态可能不一致，却仍表明完整正确的意思。这就要求考生对英语敏感，准确判断句中动作的时态。

②　语态错误
在CET-6综合改错题中最常见的语态错误是被动语态被误用为主动语态。因为汉语表达习惯上有时不加“被”字也能表示被动，因而考生对被动语态不敏感。另外，不及物动词不能携带宾语，因而也就没有被动语态。
③虚拟语气错误
虚拟语气的使用错误在综合改错题中主要表现为主句和从句的语气不协调。
考点例析：
例1：In the mid-1980s the frequency of infections and deaths started to
pick up again around theworld. Where tuberculosis vanished, it S8._______
came back
解析：这句话的意思是：结核病在已经绝迹的地方又卷土重来。从句谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词came之前，所以要用过去完成时，故在vanished前加had。
例2：In the ancient world and the Middle Ages philosophers discuss motion. ________

解析：此句的时间状语是In the ancient world and the Middle Ages，所以谓语要用一般过去时，故将discuss改成discussed。
例3：She was very angry at not telling the truth when she listened to the account. _______
解析：句意：当她听这个叙述的时候，她很生气没有被告知真相。这里“她”是被告诉的对象，因而telling应改为being told。
例4：We strongly suggest that Henry is told about his physical ___________
condition as soon as possible.
解析：句中动词suggest之后的从句应用虚拟语气，故“is”应改为“be”或“should be”。类似的动词还有demand,　insist,　order，等等。
巩固与拓展
1. Do not send a photo unless specifically requested. If you have to
send on ,make sure it is one taking in a professional setting, rather ___________
than a holiday snap.
2. If the operation have not been planned in advance, a great deal of _________
time and miney would have been lost.
3. Not only they bring snaks and drinks, but also they __________
brought cards for entertainment.
4. Scientists have also discarded another old stereotype that almost
all dyslexics are boys. Studies indicate that many girls are affecting __________
as well and not getting help.
5. The Rule here is to keep it factual and Truthful--exaggerations
usually get find out. And remember to tailor your CV to each ________
different job.
综合训练
The white House began to be built in 1792, but it
was not completed until ten years later. Every American president lived
in it except for George Washington, although he did have a ___1_____
majority part in designing it. ____2____
The government held a competition to choose the best
design for the president"s house. The winner was a young man of ____3___
South Carolina, James Hoban. His design was a three-level
house of stone. And President Washington made some changes
in the winning design. He made the house long and wider, and ____4___
changed it into a two-storied house instead of three.
The second president, John Adams, was first to live in the _____5___
White House. When he and his wife moved onto the new house ____6____
in November, 1800, work was still going on, although the main
live area was completed. The whole work did not finish until the ____7____
administration of the 3rd president, Thomas Jefferson.
Twelve years later, the British army invaded Washington
and burned the White House. The fire completely destroyed the
inside of the building and experts said the White House was so ____8____
dangerous to live in. Later on workers rebuilt the inside of the
White House. More offices were added, most of which underground. ___9____
None of the work, however, changed the appearing of ___10_____
the building. Many people asked why the president"s house is called
the White House. Historians say it has been so called simply because
it was painted white.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 10:46:59

参考答案及解析：
巩固与拓展
1. taking -> taken。
take在此担当的是定语，修饰前面的one(photo)，根据判断可知one与take之间应该是被动关系。
2. have -> had
主句使用“would+现在完成时”，可见此处的虚拟语气和过去的事实相反，因此条件句部分要用过去完成时。
3. they前加did
Not only位于句首句子部分到装，由于but also的句子时态用了过去时，所以前面也要用过去时，故在they前加did。
4. affecting -> affected
5. Find -> found

综合练习
1.for → ／
在句子中说明前后两个相等成份的关系时用except，否则用except for。本句是说每位美国总统，除了乔治•华盛顿，都曾在白宫居住过“Every American president”与“George Washington”为对等成分，故应去掉for。
2.majority → major
majority意为“大多数”、“半数以上”，一般后接复数名词，而major则为“主要的”。本句意为“华盛顿在设计白宫中起了主要作用”，故应用major。
3.of → from
要表示一个人的家乡在哪里，介词应为from。
4.long → longer
本句意思是说华盛顿把白宫设计得比原来更长，更宽了一些。与原来作比较，long当然应用比较级，而且and连接的两个形容词也应为对等成分，既然wider是比较级，long也应为比较级。
5. was ∧ first → the
the +序数词具有名词意味，在这里the first即表示the first president。
6. onto → into
“搬进新居”应为“move in”或“move into”,move on意为“继续前进”，而“move onto”则是不存在的。
7.live → living
live (a)意为“活着的”，而“living”则是“适于居住的”、“生活的”。the living area意为“适于居住的地区”。
8. so → too
原文说，战火把楼房的内部完全烧毁了，专家们说白宫太危险了，不能居住了，所以后来工人们才又重修白宫内部。“太……太……”应为“too…too…”。
9. which ∧ underground → were 或which → them
本句有两种改法，若想使这部分成为非限制性定语从句，则which引导一个句子，后面应加一个“were”；若想使这部分为独立成分，则改which为them。
10. appearing → appearance
原句意思是说，重建白宫的工作并未改变它的外貌。appearing为appear(出现)的v. + ing形式，appearance意为“外观，外貌”。

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[六级改错] 大学英语六级：短文改错(十三)

大学英语六级：短文改错(十三)