十一、易混淆词的使用错误
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英语词汇中有很多词在拼写上、语义上很相似,如 assure/ensure , rise/arise/raise , effect/affect ,但是它们的用法却迥然不同。这些易混淆的词构成六级改错的一个重要错误类型,也是比较难的一种类型,这个需要考生在平时的学习过程中注意知识的积累,并多做些总结和归纳,从中找出一些规律。
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! a, y9 g! `6 S& ? u6 N( T例 1 7 I% L1 D- ]3 h& Z7 d8 V
His persistence was awarded when the car finally started. 1.__________ 9 {7 Z* N' X5 \
3 x" G9 Y3 V8 P% N句中“ award ”是“颁发,授予(奖赏)”之义,而文中要表达的意思是“汽车终于启动了,那就是对他坚持不懈精神的回报”,应把 award 改成 reward 。 $ a9 Y( G4 X3 l) D/ Q& z( W8 d
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- k1 m* T$ [5 \# d. w3 q! @Deciding how much discomfort and risk we are prepared
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personal matter, not a decision we should remain to doctors 1.__________
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$ y- q7 q7 Z, S. b“ remain ”意为“保持,仍然”,是一个表示状态的动词,其用法和系动词“ be ”相似,后面所接成分一般是名词或形容词,作表语,而“ leave sth. to sb. ”意思是“把某物留给某人”。本句很明显是“ leave…to… ”的句型,所以应该把 remain 改为 leave 。 ' I7 {( K' K3 a( ?+ E; P# [
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例 3 0 {' ]& j/ {7 D. W0 S" P
Of course the press means more than newspaper. A vast
$ }* I* W) l& t9 [* L# ramount of magazines are published, aimed at readers 1.__________
1 z$ l! y: I& Jinterested in all sorts of subjects. ; s9 w# C7 \: |* C
: H1 j: o4 Q7 |9 U9 A1 ]因为 amount 表示数量时只与不可数名词连用,而本句中后面所接名词为“ magazines ”,是复数名词,应该使用表示复数形式的 number ,故应该把 amount 改为 number 。
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2 \6 |( M" q6 \; C3 \# D例 4 " Y6 p: R* J* B! B( A+ M. v T
Today, flint has small importance as an industrial product. 1.__________
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" J; H8 Y& X! ~6 P“ small ”用于表示人或物的体积尺寸,不能修饰抽象名词 importance ,因此应把 small 改为可以修饰不可数抽象名词的 little 。
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$ m, ~+ S& O F: ^# N练习题:8 \: Z8 L' l7 Q+ T5 \2 z9 v
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1 Industry officials predicted that mobile communications ; B4 u( ]1 g9 i u I0 e
service will soon be comparative in many respects to the 1.__________ 7 z! Q9 n4 t$ f, d
service provided by telephone that do not move.
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2 In today’s society, “Smoking effects your health” has 2.__________ . E, c2 X' _" }( d1 p' o
become a warning which is known to almost every house hold. . L$ F, ?# i. e5 G W
9 A! l8 I1 d: q) {2 j9 y3 For his outstanding achievements in graduate teaching
; ]# F3 z) b! ]- L4 c- [: Xhe is held in big esteem by his students and colleagues. 3.__________ - c1 l2 Z7 N+ e* }3 g) E/ l
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4 Supersonic craft may disturb the upper atmosphere to
! s. J! S' D$ c' n1 d4 Q0 m. v# `such an extent that dangerous radiation from the sun might
! |8 P. Z3 F7 z7 s! M/ Ereach the earth, with unimaginative effects on life there. 4.__________ 3 O# ?3 r6 S. }2 F0 \ w
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5 In the late nineteen century, farm work and life were not 5.__________ & S% `) B# m/ |6 Y5 U- H/ a3 P1 ]
much changed from what they had been in the old days.
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6 Deciding how much discomfort and risk we are prepared
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( `5 s8 E5 w$ l" _1 e4 T' J! gmatter, not a decision we should remain to doctors alone. 7.__________
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7 Whenever the subject of smoking and health is risen, 8.__________ |