十一、易混淆词的使用错误
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4 ]; r/ ^ a3 \英语词汇中有很多词在拼写上、语义上很相似,如 assure/ensure , rise/arise/raise , effect/affect ,但是它们的用法却迥然不同。这些易混淆的词构成六级改错的一个重要错误类型,也是比较难的一种类型,这个需要考生在平时的学习过程中注意知识的积累,并多做些总结和归纳,从中找出一些规律。
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例 1
3 s+ f& m3 {; P1 u" KHis persistence was awarded when the car finally started. 1.__________
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& ~8 l, ]1 v: C- P& g; @! U' v句中“ award ”是“颁发,授予(奖赏)”之义,而文中要表达的意思是“汽车终于启动了,那就是对他坚持不懈精神的回报”,应把 award 改成 reward 。
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1 G# M0 H$ I% ]5 L3 ~例 2 5 r( G& o4 F4 I. j I
Deciding how much discomfort and risk we are prepared
+ A5 M- W3 x# U: {5 T' [to put up with in the name of better health is a highly $ E7 E* m8 N( j. c6 m: k
personal matter, not a decision we should remain to doctors 1.__________
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$ h/ ~1 G# s# E8 Z% j( ^“ remain ”意为“保持,仍然”,是一个表示状态的动词,其用法和系动词“ be ”相似,后面所接成分一般是名词或形容词,作表语,而“ leave sth. to sb. ”意思是“把某物留给某人”。本句很明显是“ leave…to… ”的句型,所以应该把 remain 改为 leave 。 ) d; s! O- D" F; Z) V/ o- m
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例 3 : T3 [1 \! e# G2 k% ]8 e
Of course the press means more than newspaper. A vast " j) A( X$ ]4 T+ J
amount of magazines are published, aimed at readers 1.__________ 1 r) m, j7 B; s* i$ z
interested in all sorts of subjects.
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因为 amount 表示数量时只与不可数名词连用,而本句中后面所接名词为“ magazines ”,是复数名词,应该使用表示复数形式的 number ,故应该把 amount 改为 number 。 e0 |! P/ s# _% X
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Today, flint has small importance as an industrial product. 1.__________
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“ small ”用于表示人或物的体积尺寸,不能修饰抽象名词 importance ,因此应把 small 改为可以修饰不可数抽象名词的 little 。
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& J I: Y3 I/ U练习题:7 i2 k- ]8 O( i. |
2 Y. D$ L# L" j" p' [8 z, S6 ^) Z1 Industry officials predicted that mobile communications
: F9 a! K$ ?- q4 U, V8 aservice will soon be comparative in many respects to the 1.__________ 8 C* J0 h; c, o
service provided by telephone that do not move.
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2 In today’s society, “Smoking effects your health” has 2.__________
" k% B4 a( m/ {* rbecome a warning which is known to almost every house hold.
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4 a/ T. v! b0 W, V3 For his outstanding achievements in graduate teaching
" k& h6 h: A9 B \2 w2 Ghe is held in big esteem by his students and colleagues. 3.__________ # c+ G' O" L1 A3 l j( ]
& M4 a6 M$ |5 X! q. g4 Supersonic craft may disturb the upper atmosphere to
1 m# i7 |( Q t& Esuch an extent that dangerous radiation from the sun might
" c" I9 S! s# d7 @reach the earth, with unimaginative effects on life there. 4.__________
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5 In the late nineteen century, farm work and life were not 5.__________ h8 y9 x0 |& i Y" }
much changed from what they had been in the old days.
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& z- ^& u' f: ^6 Deciding how much discomfort and risk we are prepared
5 c5 [0 }3 l( p; M3 w( Ito put up with in the name o better health is a high personal 6.__________ % |$ D2 t* P& n
matter, not a decision we should remain to doctors alone. 7.__________
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, S" o" h2 b8 X% ~7 Whenever the subject of smoking and health is risen, 8.__________ |