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[专四辅导] 高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解7

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发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:45 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  Test Five! X3 j3 [) M- R. E% L
  0 Y) s' t( G6 }( _
  be+不定式结构
/ P. @) h' V: k$ b7 ^. P  表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。例如:$ |9 [0 n; ?1 `9 T& @/ H1 N' J
  There’s to be an investigation.; K2 D( l% G5 m: N+ p+ b4 ?
  I am to have tea with Betty this afternoon.- n  t2 u! n2 m8 l+ U! |
  这一结构常见于报纸和广播,用以宣布官方的计划或决定。例如:
9 s4 P/ U6 f% z( J4 H7 W  The Queen is to visit Japan next year.9 q* v: w( T! H0 l; @
  二是表示命令、禁止或可能性等。例如:% z8 \* V  I2 c* C9 C* w& y
  You are to stand here. Do you understand?
0 E2 l  z8 D+ S, Z$ I  Tell her she’s not to be back late.  L/ a- i* U( A
  一般现在时也可表达将来时间,常见于条件状
0 X' `4 ]( b& X& |% d. i  语和时间状语从句。例如:
2 [, ~; z- e! l% X/ l: J! N  If she comes, I’ll tell her all about it.( m) e  I& D/ `9 n" A6 V
  Wait here till the meeting is over.
5 X6 b1 k- g7 }/ ?. G; M0 o; n  It won’t be long before the rain stops.
% n$ L% Y. N# x+ n+ w& J* Y  近义词辨析
. s, Q" g/ ~; u# m9 _  r0 k1 @0 F2 W  begin, commence, initiate, launch, start
/ f) X$ c% \& K6 C7 `. u3 N  这组词均含有“开始”的意思。
5 ^+ h/ j9 q, c; @, E  begin1 D2 F+ _$ b6 {3 d" ~& V
  在这组词中最常用,泛指开始做某事。但口语中近年来start用得较多。
/ o' I' C; E3 B% }- m2 m& u  The band began to play joyful music.乐队开始演奏欢快的音乐。
/ E% ]4 U# f; j- n  commence$ c5 \" L: D! s0 a- C
  比begin用法正式。在宗教或其它仪式及军事用语中人们倾向用commence.
7 ?2 G) O5 H* V/ |5 i) o6 a  The officer ordered the soldiers to commence the attack.军官命令士兵开始进攻。( t3 S- E2 S( F8 U
  initiate
- V0 C; @4 J2 V  指进程中的第一步,与何时停止或结束没有关系。) }/ A3 n$ X) `  D  s
  The government has initiated a new reform program.政府启动了新的改革方案。
+ b! {$ \* O5 {  d# h  launch/ E8 D$ ~* ]% ]1 `# {  T$ F. U
  指开始或着手一项活动、计划等大规模或声势浩大的行动,行动前或行动中有一定的宣传鼓动。  Z: H. q$ p/ t0 Z
  The company will launch an advertising compaign to introduce its new product.那个公司要发起广告攻势推出自己的新产品。
& n: q9 P0 p; w" Q  Start
( J9 m/ T; d9 c! S8 t, o  与stop构成反义用法,指从一特定地点出发,由静止或等待状态开始做某事。在口语中常可代替begin。/ D2 w0 T/ l" P3 ]: \9 J
  They started operations at once.他们马上开始行动。
( |( l. h5 u, ]- I5 v  全真模拟试题
. P3 j* C. }  x! O8 L5 Q, y! M  1. ____ in the past, at the moment it is  a favorite
( T! G2 n% t% ]  choice for wedding gown.- k% k7 s2 \! y# Z- v
  A. Unpopular has as white been   - }/ X  G) W' X- o6 u. }; Z
  B. White has been as unpopular
4 P2 I3 s' A% w( X: ]  C. Unpopular has been as white   % q% V* ]3 B2 b" V  R9 s
  D. Unpopular as white has been
. |/ v$ e, V( s  2. ____ for a long time, the fields are all dried up# H5 k7 S, x  B- ]; B
  .
1 n: U% q9 F7 U$ D: d/ `* e, K  A. There has been no rain 
) u# ^* A. d, T/ a' J% k2 r  B. Having no rain  6 T' d7 h/ |5 a" `! z
  C. There having been no rain
- y1 F) E. J3 }8 o- i  D. There being no rain7 s* P2 j, v4 n
  3. The millions of calculations involved, ____ by ha
+ ?: e; C  ^7 Y4 f# w2 @  nd, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.
4 d" k& y8 ~" Y$ o3 `6 D+ K8 D  A. had they been done   ( t9 Z+ d6 k0 W4 _$ w" @
  B. they had been done   0 S6 d5 ^% z) F# O
  C. having been done   
1 J+ q1 \/ S  ^7 |: F0 c" ?3 t  D. they were done
3 t4 Y& m) o  i: }2 l2 b3 Y' e  4. Televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the exact moment* d- p8 o# s& A2 c8 \
  ____.1 e+ x# u# w4 N, i
  A. which they are happening 
; u$ C+ w0 U4 t  B. they are happening   
) Y! Y6 C2 `0 ?- n( x3 r* }  C. which they happen   0 |2 [$ ^! g! a* E# G
  D. they have happened1 Z" X$ V6 V! O. G
  5. ____ me most was that the young boy who had lost
5 q, `8 A0 n: \0 X3 C- k/ `  both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet.
; B9 w( i) t' C+ G/ u8 |: _  A. That amazed B. It amazed" v  z  x2 P3 A7 e  k7 u
  C.  Which amazed    D. What amazed5 g, t- z  J# v
  6. Although she wrote a lot of short stories and poems when she was very/ c' y/ A5 _$ w6 J% i' B
  young, ____ she was twentyfive.
( }. s, Z) ]: S# S$ t  A. her first real success did not come until   
& L+ G0 H% _1 V  B. her real first success came until not, `6 K) I& H: V3 h# R
  C. since her first real success did not come until
/ n5 r0 F9 J, I1 ?  D. not until her first real success
/ ]+ p4 m) J: A  7.  You should know better than ____ your little sis
" U; U" m/ W3 m, G, l7 h' U- Y  ter at home by herself.
1 S  @  y8 R% ^% i6 K+ ?  A. to leave    B. leaving    C. to have left    D. left3 u8 V( \; `! n; R2 H
  8. As the train will not leave until one hour later, we ____
, J+ m' }- B9 o  grab a bite at the snack bar.- c& k3 ^' L5 ^7 `
  A. may well B. just as well   
+ ?) R0 J7 T; H0 H  C. might as well D. as well9 r, {, ]$ M- s! a
  9. She resorted to ____ when she had no money to buy
; q, o: \0 F& F8 M3 G! J, l. W6 o  foods for her children.
3 j% z% s9 D$ b7 [2 C1 D% U4 f  A. have stolen   B. steal     C. stole     D. stealing: @& {0 t9 U! b, ^/ C
  10. The boy has admitted to ____ the window while pl$ r& F$ d8 u' H' Z
  aying football yesterday./ _# ?+ E* v* p9 z" j5 e, E
  A. breaking    B. having been broken   
6 E& j9 s; p2 X2 m2 \$ F
& |0 a, N9 ^1 }3 k8 U2 b. i  I  C. break D. be breaking
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:46 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解7

  11. Betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets  ____in transit.</p>  A. misused     B. mishandled     C. mistaken    D. mislaid
, Z7 l( x3 z; _$ M( L* C  12. ____ money, she is quite rich. However, this doe: d3 H9 q; l& m1 m; N  H
  s not mean that she is happy.
! V: l0 Q( z) _+ N- c) w0 l  A. Concerning B. As to  8 B& ~. K% t9 c5 G+ _
  C. In terms of D. In the light of
: g* ~- ?" `  m, M  13. A wellwritten composition ____ good choice of2 N1 g0 ~. U& W( [" }
  words and clear organization among other things.3 F" d; e$ \4 n0 r3 Z1 {7 {
  A. calls for  B. calls on     C. calls up     D. calls off
- \9 p" u' U* K6 J2 P, X% R  14. It is ____ with the customer not to let the shop
  p5 d% s: y6 U  y* v% X! D& P8 c( s: }7 p  assistants guess what she really likes and wants until the last moment.- E* S. m- R5 o! k( W
  A. in her honor    B. on her honor  
+ F  A) U4 r. g/ E9 q! G' q$ H  C.  a point of honor    D. an honor
+ j, j/ k9 p2 Z- N1 K1 ^  15. This house will probably come on the ____ next m6 r/ Y. b. c2 G3 _' i( ~! X
  onth.+ S$ |2 n" N7 P0 n" l
  A. fair  B. market     C. shop     D. store* \" }7 }- A, N
  16. George was introduced to ____ activities at a yo% [7 U/ |6 H; U  p) U7 S( s
  ung age, when she was hire to act as a lookout for drugdealers.
: z2 o3 X9 y3 F9 a  A. illegal   B. lawful  C. faithful    D. peaceful8 w; v& D5 d$ g6 O) d% O
  17. An institution that properly carries the name university is a more co
' W. E  m3 c  J/ R0 i. t  mprehensive and complex institution than any other kind of higher education____.2 I5 t3 P  R) a6 {" I2 ^2 {
  A. settlement  B. establishment      C. costruction  D. structure, g: I$ f* Q7 J* d5 j. G& p
  18. People’s status in society is frequently ____ by2 C7 J! e% b8 h9 n* c
  how much they own.
5 J1 x/ ^- a, A7 U. J  A. measured   B. examined    C. tested   D. questioned
( \" c* z9 j: v* b4 j# \7 P7 |  19. Jack is so ____ to his appearance that he never
2 |4 ~+ N( c4 T: W: N6 Y  has his clothes pressed.
6 m# y& j3 [) b+ h+ G; G  A. adverse   B. anonymous  C. indifferent     D. casual% r* `* J$ }6 o9 D
  20. There is an increasing ____ to make movies descr
' _4 A, [; h6 p' j0 w  ibing violence.; z3 L( @: ]7 C. L4 I" a0 \
  A. strength   B. direction     C. tradition  D. trend% ~0 I. s7 d( `7 G" Q' H) z
  21. Outside my office window there is a fire ____ on
( c. ~  e2 [; s, m  the right.
* s% l( ?2 x& X7 G' r1 t1 L  A. escape    B. ladder  C. steps  D. stairs& G" s% w# H" ?8 }0 I: ~4 s- H
  22. I ____ with the Browns during my stay in New Yor
" T( X7 c9 B! J4 U% {/ |& ~/ B# R  k City.7 s6 m" y. ?7 M# p2 [3 H! o
  A. put in  B. put down     C. put on     D. put up1 O& T) Q( Y. C5 N% x4 |$ u/ a
  23. Operations which left patients ____ and in need, X; R! z' E# _9 r! X
  of l
* t  A) I( u7 ~. J  ong periods of discovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.% R: {7 O3 Q8 ]% ^1 f
  A. exhausted     B. unhealthy     C. upset     D. fearful
% Y, K) k% F& {  24. Farmers are allowed to grow small gardens of their own and they sell& ^: Z. W& r0 x: V" G* O% q  h4 W
  their vegetables ____ the black market.
9 Q2 k* ^# s! o  A. on    B.  at   C. in     D. for
6 f$ l" Q, W) u' K' g) h6 I  25. The electric fan does not work because of the ____
! W7 ~7 A: M  N$ J/ G/ D  of service." {2 C/ ?) P  W+ b8 ]: E* W4 q

; p- E8 A- g5 u( ^& |  A. pause   B. break     C. interruption  D. breakdown
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:47 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解7

    试题答案与解析  </p>  1. D)   【句意】  虽然白色过去不受欢迎,但目% H( q# D) \% N6 X
  前它是婚纱的首选颜色。
! M- k2 S: F: O/ {" r  【难点】  as是连词,引导让步状语从句时,往往使用半倒装形式。又如:9 I+ h! M+ z% t. m! r( D: A
  Beautiful as she is, she is foolish.7 x% W6 i. f* @1 B& [$ R: o
  2. C)   【句意】  由于长时间无雨,田野变得十
" u! a: I9 [8 M. N" V. ~! N* F  分干燥。7 C8 ]8 h6 J' S/ v
  【难点】  该句的前半部分是There be结构,完成式独立结构形式,这与时0 q6 B9 S* t+ I# V" M
  间状语for a long time相吻合。
+ _$ ~  W" |+ L4 A: W  3. A)   【句意】  数百万次计算如果用手工操作, j  G* W9 V$ N! U: T. ~$ d. H& |5 D
  ,那么,到计算结束的时候,就将失去其全部实际意义。$ ]1 Q/ D$ h. I# ]0 G
  【难点】  这是一句虚拟语气的句子,条件句使用了省略if的倒装句形式,& ~& }' t* i( I4 [% H6 O+ j/ S: s
  动作与过去事实相反。
0 U' m% w% h+ p: K/ p. C+ n( M  4. B)   【句意】  电视使我们能够在事情发生的- @! z+ V0 y% h" d* n
  那一瞬间就看到它们是如何发生的。
" x* f+ S& \5 k  【难点】  moment后接的是省略关系副词when的定语从句。B)符合题意要求
# f' j6 @$ t* p2 I% x, m  5. D)   【句意】  最令我惊讶的是,这个在车祸5 q3 {# v/ T8 t9 {( g( ]
  中失去双臂的小男孩能够用脚使用钢笔。' C0 F; E; D$ w, A9 g$ d
  【难点】  这是一个what从句作主语的典型句子。
3 u6 X5 r& l" S$ I  6. A)   【句意】  虽然她很小的时候就写了很多* k* o4 r/ C# h! Q
  短篇小说和诗歌,但她直到25岁才迎来第一次真正的成功。
# U  N5 |, k& o0 d1 Y  【难点】  这是一个练习not until结构的句子。% g5 j/ \6 ^$ o1 d; v
  7. A)   【句意】  你应该知道,不该把你小妹妹& [1 a/ b, t9 U3 b
  一个人留在家里。
- H2 y5 S2 A6 E% i- O. E( b& M  【难点】  to know better than to do sth.是一个常见的表示责备的句型2 m! i+ ?" ], c; U4 N6 P# h
  ,意为“应该知道不该做某事”。7 C( }4 Z! X0 f0 C& V( r
  8. C)   【句意】  既然火车一个小时以后才开,
$ B; C3 F  |, m! }# _  我们不妨到快餐店吃口东西。
: ~6 J2 U! T2 t5 D0 ~& u  【难点】  might as well后接动词原形,意为“不妨,何不”。
8 {, k2 E3 q# _% n/ h* {7 _  9. D)   【句意】  当她没钱为孩子买吃的东西时
/ Z$ ~! r# `0 `. ~0 b  ,她开始偷。
  b( T/ R' G, x; k4 ^) R  I9 ^  【难点】  resort to意为:求助于,其中to是介词,后接动名词。
" C4 _& H8 @: E, X3 h2 e' {  10. A)   【句意】  那个男孩承认在昨天踢足球的
+ g+ m% e7 j  ~/ `  时候打破了窗子。( ]0 q3 w7 H: E2 P8 b: k/ O+ ]
  【难点】  admit to中的to是介词,后接名词或动名词。
) \, K8 l3 H) t* T0 G  11. D)   【句意】  贝蒂建议我把我们的行李认真* r- ^7 b) |7 L+ t3 O4 U
  地贴上标签以免运输中放错位置。' O! Y9 k+ }- _" Y9 e- o# h8 t
  【难点】  mislay意为“把……放错地方”;misuse意为“错用滥用”;mi
3 k* V# f' j3 V3 m7 s& K  shandle意为“瞎弄,胡乱操作”;mistake意为“误选”。
- C" M+ D& c8 g$ G' L6 k( j  12. C)   【句意】  就钱而言,她很富裕。然而这
- }! J+ k* Q+ m. ^4 J8 E. J  并不意味着她幸福。
$ G# z# D, A* y) |  【难点】  in terms of意为“从……方面来说”;concerning意为“关于8 R9 M- z' F* l" m
  ”;as to也是“关于;至于”;in the light of 意为“鉴于,由于”。" {7 m% |9 V5 L8 x! t* S
  13. A)   【句意】  一篇好文章,除其它因素外,
4 t; g) v1 I0 |  还要求选词优美,组织清晰。3 T# K7 L' w4 C: r
  【难点】  call for意为“要求,需要”;call on意为“号召,请求”;ca! q. g' N& M9 }9 y/ H, s, h
  ll up意为“使人想起” ;call off意为“取消,停止做”。" R# k$ R! ^  n! S8 U
  14. C)   【句意】  对于顾客来说,直到最后时刻
4 f5 Z' j, `6 g8 h/ L; B! o  才让售货员猜出她真正喜欢什么,真正想买什么,这是一个涉及面子的问题。
6 {1 g) ~" m3 o$ v. w+ E  【难点】  a point of honor意为“涉及名誉的事情”;in one’s hon
2 K/ L7 ^% Z' K, F" ^  or意为“为某人的4 x( Z% X; D; F6 r2 h) `) Y1 T$ M
  荣誉”; on one’s honor意为“以名誉担保”;an honor意为“光荣的人或事”。
0 y) E  Q( A% ]) V  n  15. B)   【句意】  这座房子可能下月上市。
; J9 S4 U8 H* B8 M  【难点】  on the market意为“上市,出售”; fair意为“集市;庙会;
+ m* N2 i6 w$ X! n2 B. J  交易会”;shop是“商店”;store是“储存;仓库”。! C  f( ^# ]( m1 B1 l
  16. A)   【句意】  很小的时候,乔治被介绍参与4 B2 @/ w! O/ H
  了非法活动,他受雇为毒贩子放哨。. ^' b  P  m1 t9 i3 ^. a' U8 _
  【难点】  illegal 意为“不合法的,非法的”;lawful 意为“依法的,/ F2 u! A! H* f0 c' b
  守
' j$ P# e9 B6 s2 t- {  定的”;faithful意为“忠实的,守信的”;peaceful 意为“平静的;安宁的”。9 T. w) t. L: b- ]( ]
  17. B)   【句意】  能称得上大学称号的机构是一8 p' a5 B, D/ ]7 M- D/ h
  个比其他种类高等教育机构都更复杂更综合的机构。" }+ x" K) P1 N% F& c
  【难点】  establishment 意为“企业,设施(公司,学校,医院,教会等
  ^0 }( ^8 E% C: h# `  )”;settlement) e- V) d2 N+ u2 e5 M9 U* O
  意为“定居点;殖民地”;construction意为“建造;建筑物”;structure是“结构,构
& _% b& z* u: g$ p0 J" z- W  造”。
2 |) @; I$ E! K: f5 n  18. A)   【句意】  人的社会地位常常由他们拥有
4 M1 [2 R+ e$ L( H" Q- P  的财富的多少来衡量。% a9 M. \$ C8 i( C  A4 I- G* W
  【难点】  measure 意为“估量,衡量”;examine 意为“检查;仔细观察
  c+ L; S4 ]' K; E  ”;test意为“试验,测试”;question意为“询问,审问”。
! v) w7 T( z( t  19. C)   【句意】  杰克从不注意自己的外表,衣
& _6 W/ A5 \7 P/ Z1 A7 M0 O  服从来不烫。
( E) i! [' l1 V5 }7 v7 |  【难点】  indifferent意为“漠不关心的”; adverse意为“不利的,反
( @, m& |& E2 a- `; e; p) [  对的”;anonymous 意为“匿名的”; casual意为“非正式的,不拘礼节的”。$ J' h$ [& e" W% D
  20. D)   【句意】  暴力片的拍摄大有上升趋势。
, B9 z  z, B6 y$ ~/ K: Q9 W  【难点】  trend意为“倾向,趋势”;strength意为“力量,实力”;dir/ w! l/ t0 K+ J' @8 A  y: N

/ }! j6 u3 g4 y; y# t2 I8 i7 \1 f  ection意为“方向”;tradition 意为“传统”。
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:48 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解7

  21. A)   【句意】  我办公室的窗外右侧有一个救</p>  生楼梯。2 ~  `0 s5 i2 e  u. G
  【难点】  fire escape 意为“防火安全楼梯(位于楼房的外侧面)”;la
1 X; i5 H2 E1 f  t0 C* O6 _% W  dder意为“梯子”;steps意为“台阶”;stairs意为“楼梯”,指室内的。
) v( R7 T: V7 o3 A  22. D)   【句意】  我在纽约市逗留期间和布朗一, ~& Z- ]! R' ~
  家人过了一夜。) N: D3 e, a* l9 U" H1 x/ D$ v
  【难点】  put up意为“宿夜”;put in 意为“度过,消磨(时间等)”;
/ C$ k: L# k: R  put down意为“写下,记录”;put on 意为“上演,演出”。; b) d# ^3 Y$ Y  N
  23. A)   【句意】  以前,病人手术后精疲力竭,! H/ G5 A) S. n- r4 F( z
  需长时间才能恢复,现在手术的病人却感到既轻松又舒适。$ c- v  l& C5 N  ?5 N/ [
  【难点】  exhausted 意为“精疲力竭的”;unhealthy意为“不健康的”  v6 X1 e+ |' G" I! A' C
  ;upset意为“苦恼的,不适的”;fearful 意为“担心的,可怕的”。
: i4 o% k( D+ z" G% I5 ]) X3 ?  24. A)   【句意】  农夫们被允许在自己的菜园耕
. Y* g, V. V5 `! {6 }& p  种,并将蔬菜拿到黑市上去卖。
, X% W7 }- \' Q! a- h  Z  S  【难点】  on the market 意为“上市, 出售中”,其它介词搭配不合适
0 N+ o% g! p8 J$ j: p  25. C)   【句意】  由于中止了服务,所以电扇不
# q! }" [1 i- l5 K0 Z( T+ G6 K  转了。6 L; p3 d3 n, y, Q7 q3 r" D
  【难点】  interruption 意为“中止,中断”;pause 意为“暂停,间歇  g, T4 m# A  Q: g/ \: o- l; k
  ”;break意为“停顿,间歇”;breakdown意为“损坏,故障”。
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