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[专四辅导] 高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解7

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发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:45 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  Test Five" R( u2 i) _  S# z
  
8 O1 k1 |& C. z: H  C8 J  be+不定式结构
  O' ^0 B# l# h# |6 O  表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。例如:- M" d! V6 s9 q( j" x+ k& ~- ?
  There’s to be an investigation.
: @; l4 o* u% c( `: V) |3 R  I am to have tea with Betty this afternoon.
! z" t* y& s: a% D3 M; X& d  这一结构常见于报纸和广播,用以宣布官方的计划或决定。例如:
+ s- L9 h5 p& \( c# i* m2 @6 p  The Queen is to visit Japan next year.1 h: |. _) r9 m. b& C
  二是表示命令、禁止或可能性等。例如:+ M) F3 \# b2 Y
  You are to stand here. Do you understand?& b, s3 {# F- M6 H8 h* {3 w" B. I" a0 o
  Tell her she’s not to be back late.' m4 D3 d1 T8 [. G. U0 y; Y# w
  一般现在时也可表达将来时间,常见于条件状1 d9 q6 E6 r) Z6 n% _; d
  语和时间状语从句。例如:( J" I8 u4 [( A) @- L. n, J
  If she comes, I’ll tell her all about it., [3 S6 ~8 y6 z2 Y9 k
  Wait here till the meeting is over.1 H  |% q! o8 f/ D; T1 [7 u$ L
  It won’t be long before the rain stops.9 P5 @0 w8 K- o; m
  近义词辨析% }1 l' H: L; W6 r. e4 U4 Z$ k( h
  begin, commence, initiate, launch, start0 v8 {2 [6 N& [& ]
  这组词均含有“开始”的意思。
* l$ d! r7 X, \, J3 A, n  begin( Y- q( ]& D$ n9 m: |; D
  在这组词中最常用,泛指开始做某事。但口语中近年来start用得较多。
& R+ V; j" A" V. Y; o  The band began to play joyful music.乐队开始演奏欢快的音乐。) Q- j% f' ~  m( N) o" P
  commence1 @' C; K/ A" A# A$ O- `! G
  比begin用法正式。在宗教或其它仪式及军事用语中人们倾向用commence.+ n8 M: h) P/ w5 S
  The officer ordered the soldiers to commence the attack.军官命令士兵开始进攻。
$ Q8 j" `  O& K& y1 P' o  initiate
4 l' ^& E% @0 a: X- W6 f# e8 ~9 {  指进程中的第一步,与何时停止或结束没有关系。
2 ^. Z1 S5 N( [- a  The government has initiated a new reform program.政府启动了新的改革方案。
7 H- |; y1 m, R; m3 J. a0 w  launch
. S1 Q1 q8 W" Z7 l3 e' L; w  指开始或着手一项活动、计划等大规模或声势浩大的行动,行动前或行动中有一定的宣传鼓动。
" B& t7 M2 k! ?8 d1 d6 z  The company will launch an advertising compaign to introduce its new product.那个公司要发起广告攻势推出自己的新产品。% C4 K" G9 [2 n7 ?9 W
  Start/ L& V0 `# s, H; m
  与stop构成反义用法,指从一特定地点出发,由静止或等待状态开始做某事。在口语中常可代替begin。
( v2 c6 k" m2 Z/ t  They started operations at once.他们马上开始行动。) _2 c; ~2 ~8 A! y# O0 }8 L
  全真模拟试题: r3 Q: ]7 i/ L% n- E6 C
  1. ____ in the past, at the moment it is  a favorite
/ ^5 O2 j8 I8 e. b; T  choice for wedding gown.
' e; P' c( L7 L6 @- d  A. Unpopular has as white been   
2 o9 x4 k9 }" p& @9 m; ^  B. White has been as unpopular: j" [( t; w: m9 w) w
  C. Unpopular has been as white   
! \9 H8 I% w& ?$ C, P  D. Unpopular as white has been7 N& @" M! a( Y; e3 d& a3 _
  2. ____ for a long time, the fields are all dried up
9 T: g% U! r$ o4 u. E  u  .) T, c4 B( K3 L1 b5 Q' M
  A. There has been no rain 
6 |, X% r: O7 `  I& Q; ?  B. Having no rain  . |& `. u9 d, S/ o
  C. There having been no rain
" J" A7 `0 q7 L) l# H. j, e  D. There being no rain; w6 a1 }, }: \& v" T
  3. The millions of calculations involved, ____ by ha5 Z6 R& Y! M. O$ J9 F. [- G
  nd, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.( }, i! K1 \1 Q, F' S
  A. had they been done   , b8 s1 f, Q+ C+ R" R; r
  B. they had been done   
2 A, U) g0 e$ l" ]5 O  C. having been done   
$ U# ?3 @; p9 u5 y$ R% ^1 f' Z  D. they were done
( A2 L* p* a5 ^# v- D  4. Televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the exact moment1 b3 S7 P: Q& A% v8 ]" x0 |& F: W
  ____.: u3 M3 u- V* R: ]% Q& T; V
  A. which they are happening 
( J# g0 n9 e3 v7 e  H- `! J  B. they are happening   
4 @- e- h. R# j2 F$ c. R8 G2 o  C. which they happen   
5 b$ |. H, e  i; F7 h  D. they have happened, D+ ?7 t- I  e
  5. ____ me most was that the young boy who had lost1 N4 k. ?0 z+ H* H4 e5 D4 l# U8 L
  both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet.
# [8 h( ?0 v0 Z7 Z3 Y% c- T  A. That amazed B. It amazed8 G% Z; o9 i6 m, Z% Z
  C.  Which amazed    D. What amazed' j6 S2 a% b8 o0 H* w
  6. Although she wrote a lot of short stories and poems when she was very, W7 w* c; q* v: R& @  j6 L
  young, ____ she was twentyfive.
8 |7 \) A* H0 m- G* p  A. her first real success did not come until   
7 |: {* |+ H; z4 I  B. her real first success came until not4 @: C- h, M2 n# |4 ~# [2 V
  C. since her first real success did not come until
5 d  w. y" E7 G  D. not until her first real success4 r4 Q1 }+ G$ `# z0 Z. Y. V
  7.  You should know better than ____ your little sis
6 w9 |4 h( g8 N( {5 I  t- M* j# ]- _: e  ter at home by herself./ O$ J" x; x# C7 c7 k! ]6 t7 Y6 m
  A. to leave    B. leaving    C. to have left    D. left* k+ d3 Y/ K9 E4 e3 h3 X1 k1 r
  8. As the train will not leave until one hour later, we ____+ G' L; A9 r& D/ B( P, i
  grab a bite at the snack bar.: ?( r$ k% \+ Z7 R; [( i
  A. may well B. just as well   ( q1 [  S& |1 k9 C
  C. might as well D. as well% a- O  `0 A4 L8 k2 N* H0 i( j" t( q
  9. She resorted to ____ when she had no money to buy) I0 Y/ D4 A. _7 |4 n; C
  foods for her children.
" H+ v! e8 J9 F) c2 a  A. have stolen   B. steal     C. stole     D. stealing4 S$ b5 T  ^- B( ~0 V2 N
  10. The boy has admitted to ____ the window while pl
$ a7 Q- x) v4 J/ j( z  a6 a" i- D  aying football yesterday.. w* G6 D2 A& R4 D
  A. breaking    B. having been broken   7 }* l5 e' X; E4 K

5 |$ j" d6 s$ Q: \- O: |# D  C. break D. be breaking
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:46 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解7

  11. Betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets  ____in transit.</p>  A. misused     B. mishandled     C. mistaken    D. mislaid
- u0 q. C9 D9 X8 ]3 R  12. ____ money, she is quite rich. However, this doe! [( A9 }' i: l! E$ W" G- S' m" [
  s not mean that she is happy.: x: ]/ V7 v# L6 |0 l; y2 I
  A. Concerning B. As to  ; a$ O% s9 M" m" l, N! h0 @2 s2 A
  C. In terms of D. In the light of
) c. ?3 ^+ q) x  13. A wellwritten composition ____ good choice of
9 R5 n4 A+ _2 y- a1 Y% H  words and clear organization among other things.5 k: b' n% x7 W$ G
  A. calls for  B. calls on     C. calls up     D. calls off& W8 ?& W; X, t& r3 }- f
  14. It is ____ with the customer not to let the shop
7 W$ U, F  _2 X$ T  assistants guess what she really likes and wants until the last moment.
( h$ E2 r* c- }8 f" s  A. in her honor    B. on her honor  2 ~+ @0 v# p' a$ V% z
  C.  a point of honor    D. an honor- v7 T$ i7 O8 j$ }- w3 Z
  15. This house will probably come on the ____ next m
9 a' z# g+ O- f7 V  onth.2 d# h% S5 b& Y! i! N# C- C: n1 H$ e
  A. fair  B. market     C. shop     D. store
$ K- ]  m# ^9 R3 s; a& d7 t# B  16. George was introduced to ____ activities at a yo
7 l  h0 |7 l% w  ung age, when she was hire to act as a lookout for drugdealers.
  i# K4 Y+ u! k4 K$ D3 K  A. illegal   B. lawful  C. faithful    D. peaceful, m" o7 }. X+ c2 ?; l3 `9 w
  17. An institution that properly carries the name university is a more co* ?6 {  ~) ?+ z
  mprehensive and complex institution than any other kind of higher education____.
8 |2 Y' A" a; v! |2 ^  A. settlement  B. establishment      C. costruction  D. structure# ]& k/ r: D: r7 O$ l# E
  18. People’s status in society is frequently ____ by
* F3 L; W; y3 i7 D' d1 E( [  how much they own.. S0 _0 N) E7 S: I
  A. measured   B. examined    C. tested   D. questioned
4 P; R5 a/ c3 ?' L! j$ Z  19. Jack is so ____ to his appearance that he never$ ^/ z% \: u8 V
  has his clothes pressed.( e7 U( o" `  T7 }9 x
  A. adverse   B. anonymous  C. indifferent     D. casual
+ {7 a3 C- y, F3 X4 t  20. There is an increasing ____ to make movies descr6 v' Y5 W8 Z, b& {# u
  ibing violence.+ f% i0 _7 ]& a8 w3 S8 Z3 V
  A. strength   B. direction     C. tradition  D. trend' X5 A2 u2 z9 l$ w& y+ }0 B2 x
  21. Outside my office window there is a fire ____ on! t1 ^6 D. x; D( K2 y: Y2 K
  the right.
- q; Y, k' y6 S" P( b! a% d  A. escape    B. ladder  C. steps  D. stairs
: I* O4 ^/ w/ o4 B  22. I ____ with the Browns during my stay in New Yor
  ~! }* X8 i& E, A) B& B$ R( n- X( q  k City.. e- h5 \+ d2 v3 O$ o+ ^
  A. put in  B. put down     C. put on     D. put up
2 V% {8 m- R( i3 ~) n  23. Operations which left patients ____ and in need
( Q5 r7 P5 O3 I6 X4 R) L8 Q  of l- @8 f' d& o3 G, j- B2 F
  ong periods of discovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.% M- g* v4 D% T5 \  |8 N- s
  A. exhausted     B. unhealthy     C. upset     D. fearful
( U# z, j9 a  }, Q; ]8 `  l$ t2 y! @  24. Farmers are allowed to grow small gardens of their own and they sell
1 s; R( X3 P3 U3 ~$ @/ c  their vegetables ____ the black market.; a% j5 I2 R2 l4 z5 X+ x
  A. on    B.  at   C. in     D. for
" c, b9 E. v% K+ k  G  25. The electric fan does not work because of the ____
* |3 g3 E4 ?& M9 W- t  of service.
" N% K, f/ h3 G9 H$ J$ J' ~0 @8 l  L( g0 J: ~
  A. pause   B. break     C. interruption  D. breakdown
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:47 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解7

    试题答案与解析  </p>  1. D)   【句意】  虽然白色过去不受欢迎,但目, Y2 K  _+ I+ k# \& \9 T
  前它是婚纱的首选颜色。
6 @( R0 ~1 W( }" i/ j. ]  【难点】  as是连词,引导让步状语从句时,往往使用半倒装形式。又如:6 Y4 F) s1 E4 c- Q% Z
  Beautiful as she is, she is foolish./ Y3 @  Z  d$ R4 v
  2. C)   【句意】  由于长时间无雨,田野变得十* g3 V2 I5 g7 m, P  u, p6 ^5 R
  分干燥。# E$ X6 y$ Z9 w# m0 U
  【难点】  该句的前半部分是There be结构,完成式独立结构形式,这与时
! c' f' |; ~' z2 m5 X7 I  间状语for a long time相吻合。
/ |. T4 l0 C! X4 \  3. A)   【句意】  数百万次计算如果用手工操作3 U* z2 d- g! F7 ^9 U# t) m8 e& A
  ,那么,到计算结束的时候,就将失去其全部实际意义。2 y8 }; W7 B$ Z2 }$ h% j, k+ p% q. G
  【难点】  这是一句虚拟语气的句子,条件句使用了省略if的倒装句形式,
: g, \. \4 e& t1 p6 [  动作与过去事实相反。; C' e' a# R4 H8 b: E7 M3 C/ P# b
  4. B)   【句意】  电视使我们能够在事情发生的0 l# f: o' X/ b' ]* y* E0 ?( |
  那一瞬间就看到它们是如何发生的。
' G1 R# Q! Y- z/ D  【难点】  moment后接的是省略关系副词when的定语从句。B)符合题意要求4 C; }' {, N2 Z6 ~$ |3 o
  5. D)   【句意】  最令我惊讶的是,这个在车祸4 J! U! J3 }3 n! L( Z) `
  中失去双臂的小男孩能够用脚使用钢笔。+ T( Q7 A( |. U' R
  【难点】  这是一个what从句作主语的典型句子。
. _  Y1 r: T' N  6. A)   【句意】  虽然她很小的时候就写了很多7 y3 q* @3 `4 W2 n3 E6 h& a
  短篇小说和诗歌,但她直到25岁才迎来第一次真正的成功。8 K) y$ F! P+ {5 h7 D7 ?
  【难点】  这是一个练习not until结构的句子。
4 `0 z; s4 s" j/ q9 n, D  7. A)   【句意】  你应该知道,不该把你小妹妹2 c$ X* E- F6 G
  一个人留在家里。
2 L5 k/ W3 e. k) E6 Q4 ]. ^4 ~  【难点】  to know better than to do sth.是一个常见的表示责备的句型2 [9 h: J9 i( J4 v7 l5 Q
  ,意为“应该知道不该做某事”。/ I& g: [9 F5 u
  8. C)   【句意】  既然火车一个小时以后才开,
* I$ N0 L5 [) _! z$ X$ z  我们不妨到快餐店吃口东西。
. k$ _- U$ _7 M5 w/ {, [: `8 J, j  【难点】  might as well后接动词原形,意为“不妨,何不”。
' }: Z+ C: ?* F3 r; T6 x6 [  9. D)   【句意】  当她没钱为孩子买吃的东西时8 e9 l( ^( ]6 n+ y6 e( v
  ,她开始偷。
, }! y' Y* K; x$ a8 A  【难点】  resort to意为:求助于,其中to是介词,后接动名词。; G$ i2 l# a2 N' r- P; k
  10. A)   【句意】  那个男孩承认在昨天踢足球的
7 e0 u# B. Z- D( A+ d) M3 R6 N+ t  时候打破了窗子。( M! F4 X9 s; W( |) R6 B# @
  【难点】  admit to中的to是介词,后接名词或动名词。9 {7 y7 x: I' O0 r5 c" o) g1 k# n
  11. D)   【句意】  贝蒂建议我把我们的行李认真
9 k3 [% f3 s* [$ F5 L1 D, x& X  地贴上标签以免运输中放错位置。
; V; B* W" s! ~# N* V  【难点】  mislay意为“把……放错地方”;misuse意为“错用滥用”;mi+ P0 G+ l- N6 I( \/ g3 u
  shandle意为“瞎弄,胡乱操作”;mistake意为“误选”。& [7 ^! g# |5 W: _& z- \
  12. C)   【句意】  就钱而言,她很富裕。然而这
& \1 T9 {( P' J  并不意味着她幸福。
( j1 ~) m) r5 b9 D  【难点】  in terms of意为“从……方面来说”;concerning意为“关于" o$ h7 y- u9 n: g9 R
  ”;as to也是“关于;至于”;in the light of 意为“鉴于,由于”。
& r4 u/ N8 P' W6 m# n  13. A)   【句意】  一篇好文章,除其它因素外,7 e. c, W) y% M8 s' `* ?$ T
  还要求选词优美,组织清晰。
8 g7 z. p5 ]0 s" M  A: `  【难点】  call for意为“要求,需要”;call on意为“号召,请求”;ca
) {1 r& S' o) z1 v8 s$ t  ll up意为“使人想起” ;call off意为“取消,停止做”。
' \% t# |) P! D$ I* p  14. C)   【句意】  对于顾客来说,直到最后时刻- V) a1 q* v" M: h6 `! B
  才让售货员猜出她真正喜欢什么,真正想买什么,这是一个涉及面子的问题。$ A* s  |/ e6 M0 p" \* h  d
  【难点】  a point of honor意为“涉及名誉的事情”;in one’s hon1 L! z7 ~: F% l/ g  g8 A3 I
  or意为“为某人的8 \7 Y9 \# ?. _4 u
  荣誉”; on one’s honor意为“以名誉担保”;an honor意为“光荣的人或事”。" c2 [0 K" s% J: j: P5 y; z8 a
  15. B)   【句意】  这座房子可能下月上市。
9 ~* j) X8 p* p: u: L1 d7 V* N/ Y( E  【难点】  on the market意为“上市,出售”; fair意为“集市;庙会;: X0 N& x6 X; H! t3 T2 s7 G: j- [7 P
  交易会”;shop是“商店”;store是“储存;仓库”。
' e1 k4 t- A+ _+ W* \. d! @$ U  16. A)   【句意】  很小的时候,乔治被介绍参与
# |; v. I3 a0 i& _5 _9 o3 h' F  了非法活动,他受雇为毒贩子放哨。# ?" N9 R+ j6 p( G2 u
  【难点】  illegal 意为“不合法的,非法的”;lawful 意为“依法的,  |) i/ w2 |& h& \6 M& _
  守
! t9 b* G) V  C- m  定的”;faithful意为“忠实的,守信的”;peaceful 意为“平静的;安宁的”。0 N6 J1 J+ @! D+ Q6 J4 K
  17. B)   【句意】  能称得上大学称号的机构是一
* m; O2 e" c# P- j; [  个比其他种类高等教育机构都更复杂更综合的机构。
. L) Y! g& E' @: h: `: F  【难点】  establishment 意为“企业,设施(公司,学校,医院,教会等2 D3 J) Y  Y6 F/ P9 ~5 i
  )”;settlement( x  b; Y+ y) G
  意为“定居点;殖民地”;construction意为“建造;建筑物”;structure是“结构,构
% w& u6 k( O8 ~$ j, Q, m6 v  造”。+ V% g0 c5 N; r/ I, L
  18. A)   【句意】  人的社会地位常常由他们拥有- U; e* T1 T1 k& c3 Q
  的财富的多少来衡量。6 P, q" t- h9 \+ ?4 {
  【难点】  measure 意为“估量,衡量”;examine 意为“检查;仔细观察0 J% ^2 K/ }! e$ ~" Y
  ”;test意为“试验,测试”;question意为“询问,审问”。6 o: C/ p! A" w3 {) x) `
  19. C)   【句意】  杰克从不注意自己的外表,衣
3 i6 Z3 C- p% r# Q7 Z) i1 n  服从来不烫。
" F7 e  \: F$ T6 C# Q7 ~  【难点】  indifferent意为“漠不关心的”; adverse意为“不利的,反
! N% y1 D* N2 @  对的”;anonymous 意为“匿名的”; casual意为“非正式的,不拘礼节的”。
' n' Y' B. P4 ]; N9 a) H9 Y5 a  20. D)   【句意】  暴力片的拍摄大有上升趋势。
: s2 v$ |: p+ I! u; M  H7 F  【难点】  trend意为“倾向,趋势”;strength意为“力量,实力”;dir
8 e4 s; M; w7 i- m* l  x. j/ e1 g1 j" z* ~& Z
  ection意为“方向”;tradition 意为“传统”。
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:48 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解7

  21. A)   【句意】  我办公室的窗外右侧有一个救</p>  生楼梯。
! m8 u" K) r2 A$ u  【难点】  fire escape 意为“防火安全楼梯(位于楼房的外侧面)”;la, @5 A' U' D/ {. R6 }* n% N
  dder意为“梯子”;steps意为“台阶”;stairs意为“楼梯”,指室内的。
, ~) a) f3 g, J' @! L  22. D)   【句意】  我在纽约市逗留期间和布朗一
6 |  s4 J9 k' ^- L5 q: p  p  家人过了一夜。1 E  X" t' p/ w# e
  【难点】  put up意为“宿夜”;put in 意为“度过,消磨(时间等)”;
: n& t8 }% t- z6 Y, p7 H8 F; C  put down意为“写下,记录”;put on 意为“上演,演出”。! A. N. I0 a# h1 Q9 s6 R
  23. A)   【句意】  以前,病人手术后精疲力竭,
' L* w; S: f8 Q4 K$ E1 C2 Y0 W) ]7 W  需长时间才能恢复,现在手术的病人却感到既轻松又舒适。
& O$ q( {3 z! k1 n! |6 m( ?  【难点】  exhausted 意为“精疲力竭的”;unhealthy意为“不健康的”
: h4 L, `3 h! _* y  ;upset意为“苦恼的,不适的”;fearful 意为“担心的,可怕的”。
5 u- M0 {# v' [, n  24. A)   【句意】  农夫们被允许在自己的菜园耕% n$ D8 u+ ^* f) w* v
  种,并将蔬菜拿到黑市上去卖。
5 K5 y) Z  J2 a! X5 ?# V5 e4 g& F  【难点】  on the market 意为“上市, 出售中”,其它介词搭配不合适4 Q+ H  E0 W: P" Q1 Z
  25. C)   【句意】  由于中止了服务,所以电扇不
) s! _" c3 ?6 A8 y  转了。
) N2 x& K/ |2 z+ j( x1 F  【难点】  interruption 意为“中止,中断”;pause 意为“暂停,间歇
7 h" L% H/ j2 x6 U+ j  ”;break意为“停顿,间歇”;breakdown意为“损坏,故障”。
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