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[专四辅导] 高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解7

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发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:45 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  Test Five
6 I0 d: R8 N* P. E  
1 G& s1 V# D0 R# O/ x; m. a% d  be+不定式结构. {& V# K) s& L$ _6 V3 s# v
  表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。例如:
$ ^; u/ [4 s7 O0 ?  There’s to be an investigation.& N0 @2 z3 c# D. S  e- V" {
  I am to have tea with Betty this afternoon.
1 f# k0 h* k# w! x  这一结构常见于报纸和广播,用以宣布官方的计划或决定。例如:
* F. w" [% @6 y  w3 V7 N& }  The Queen is to visit Japan next year.
5 W7 |% T) u5 _9 B. `! V  二是表示命令、禁止或可能性等。例如:% {) ]% f5 [% t# e* a) P. X
  You are to stand here. Do you understand?7 _. s/ U& A: Z4 d# y
  Tell her she’s not to be back late.
. {& f, Q; n* P0 ]) r  ~- q/ S& M$ e  一般现在时也可表达将来时间,常见于条件状
3 Y: w3 Y) q% J* c- M' ]3 f5 ?  语和时间状语从句。例如:
) E, d! U2 s5 S' k8 K  If she comes, I’ll tell her all about it.
# J$ z% d0 ]8 P) M  Wait here till the meeting is over.
$ d- h% N: ]$ v* w  It won’t be long before the rain stops.. D5 W2 U) g+ t' @1 E8 n, Q4 l
  近义词辨析
- t, F2 q2 \' {2 I  begin, commence, initiate, launch, start
4 P+ m0 C: n' E2 T1 |  这组词均含有“开始”的意思。- w" Q* P% k! o! Q" c7 ?
  begin
& t" z: z2 p$ S! H7 g. }0 H6 e6 J4 b# g  在这组词中最常用,泛指开始做某事。但口语中近年来start用得较多。. Z' |" v! X8 u
  The band began to play joyful music.乐队开始演奏欢快的音乐。
# I% S& V4 Q: U+ H& B  commence) K, J( G. Z0 U) s1 o
  比begin用法正式。在宗教或其它仪式及军事用语中人们倾向用commence.4 D2 Y  X4 h* \' t) p6 q
  The officer ordered the soldiers to commence the attack.军官命令士兵开始进攻。
4 M3 ]! [, F3 j1 W0 e  initiate7 _. y. S+ ^# f+ J6 v5 g3 x4 B
  指进程中的第一步,与何时停止或结束没有关系。
4 I$ B+ {1 M3 c: Q% J$ A  The government has initiated a new reform program.政府启动了新的改革方案。
) Q' i+ `4 G' [/ a  launch
4 J* U: V! n& E% V' h, p  指开始或着手一项活动、计划等大规模或声势浩大的行动,行动前或行动中有一定的宣传鼓动。
+ E4 }" B5 P8 B$ x. N2 a  The company will launch an advertising compaign to introduce its new product.那个公司要发起广告攻势推出自己的新产品。7 K' P5 M) e: |+ B2 a
  Start
6 o$ f1 R# `: V; |  与stop构成反义用法,指从一特定地点出发,由静止或等待状态开始做某事。在口语中常可代替begin。
4 G& {6 T1 U. a* \9 Y$ [* d  They started operations at once.他们马上开始行动。. K+ H) n" ^- q3 q' c0 A4 `  O
  全真模拟试题; k2 ^5 Y/ m% q! G* L
  1. ____ in the past, at the moment it is  a favorite
6 B& f. o5 Z7 p& p# e0 [5 Z  choice for wedding gown.
* Q3 h; }7 p' L2 @  A. Unpopular has as white been   
" c2 W  x' l2 b% w  K  B. White has been as unpopular
, _$ r4 s2 @$ @, G' x5 h: T+ l  C. Unpopular has been as white   + Y1 K; u+ d/ n, X7 H2 L
  D. Unpopular as white has been
6 j* N8 D# Q3 m6 t# `  2. ____ for a long time, the fields are all dried up
/ @+ Q( z; B. W' ?1 i  .# P; p; l% r  T6 O5 q: h
  A. There has been no rain & U$ W) K( c7 K. n* y
  B. Having no rain  7 y- F3 d& Y% Q& y2 r6 _
  C. There having been no rain) F) @! a' D8 ]& g5 f9 p
  D. There being no rain# z5 i, O% l' C5 S
  3. The millions of calculations involved, ____ by ha
% u/ ^# u9 |& @8 _( e$ y- R  nd, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.
7 y$ g& ?- M. t. I0 V, i  A. had they been done   ' l. F* X2 q, V" h5 O
  B. they had been done   7 `9 n1 N( @! u$ W6 @
  C. having been done   
! I# m8 X& S; h  D. they were done( ^% Q# ~2 M6 ^4 c
  4. Televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the exact moment
1 {! f/ b4 _3 W5 k7 u, c! j: l0 T  ____.* p# t0 _/ R$ F1 T
  A. which they are happening % i1 f( `2 w# f; H( [: q
  B. they are happening   
9 S; A* V( n4 a: k1 s: e  C. which they happen   
9 z9 R8 e$ K, D; R: J! S  D. they have happened
6 w  y# [  `# K% ]  5. ____ me most was that the young boy who had lost
; @6 d/ {0 ~* J9 o- N( K) G; D* N( B9 J  both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet.; B* B2 x& ]$ `* [0 b  e
  A. That amazed B. It amazed. k5 |* D- K3 O2 E8 E6 i
  C.  Which amazed    D. What amazed- O$ ^9 q$ t! }! F- H8 {
  6. Although she wrote a lot of short stories and poems when she was very
. c% @0 c3 ?4 o+ K3 b! q* L  young, ____ she was twentyfive.
$ o( u0 Z' a, n/ P; N8 M' c8 o  A. her first real success did not come until   ( u& S2 k* z. a: {9 P
  B. her real first success came until not! S- f3 x( j; l( D- U
  C. since her first real success did not come until
9 {! @2 W5 S* f% C  D. not until her first real success$ \: W) @+ D* x& r
  7.  You should know better than ____ your little sis
3 k+ _8 O) `) @6 h% F- k  ter at home by herself.
+ ?7 s. c% N1 h0 ]/ @3 t6 e4 g9 M6 b  A. to leave    B. leaving    C. to have left    D. left
; a1 l0 X# t! }! ~- j  8. As the train will not leave until one hour later, we ____$ l& \0 @8 k% T4 l; M
  grab a bite at the snack bar.0 v" r# r' p3 T9 B
  A. may well B. just as well   
) ?7 g7 L  o9 T6 j3 p  I! i6 {: B  C. might as well D. as well' o% g. p! L. F/ L; Y  F
  9. She resorted to ____ when she had no money to buy6 G3 K$ F3 f- N. d: }# E3 M
  foods for her children.
8 L- {9 {0 {9 E' N! i  A. have stolen   B. steal     C. stole     D. stealing
! ^6 A1 R# I2 a  10. The boy has admitted to ____ the window while pl0 ?6 p# ~3 \, g" u
  aying football yesterday.
7 O5 c0 h0 M4 \. |% m% W( V7 K6 @) t1 L  A. breaking    B. having been broken   
( q6 S: b/ r" Z- K4 v3 c4 ?& K" R+ O# j( C$ T( P( f& J8 s
  C. break D. be breaking
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:46 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解7

  11. Betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets  ____in transit.</p>  A. misused     B. mishandled     C. mistaken    D. mislaid
9 ]( D+ {$ ^: K& K( `) y# Z% U  12. ____ money, she is quite rich. However, this doe
; {, p3 I5 T# N  s not mean that she is happy.
. {# `6 ?4 Q7 f2 Z, Y' k  D  A. Concerning B. As to  
0 s# u8 {' P1 A6 k5 b/ F  C. In terms of D. In the light of
) E/ N2 C. t% w2 B! f  13. A wellwritten composition ____ good choice of" f% K' G5 T6 P% N
  words and clear organization among other things." e) [/ A% E: W7 I
  A. calls for  B. calls on     C. calls up     D. calls off6 ?9 n4 b9 A' s, f+ e
  14. It is ____ with the customer not to let the shop
$ C6 {: p7 M4 z' i  assistants guess what she really likes and wants until the last moment." |5 Y9 }$ k# _% S$ Y3 c
  A. in her honor    B. on her honor  
& F* J6 i7 k- B. @. p  C.  a point of honor    D. an honor. V& @6 T, t. e! S9 N2 @2 l
  15. This house will probably come on the ____ next m' b) \. t" t7 c; }
  onth.: |. h1 k4 h3 K' a7 M( {1 E
  A. fair  B. market     C. shop     D. store
; a5 Y  A: J6 k$ X9 j+ s) A  16. George was introduced to ____ activities at a yo
" q4 m3 J# I( s' t  ung age, when she was hire to act as a lookout for drugdealers.
% i, L& `7 T( F/ S; T. |  A. illegal   B. lawful  C. faithful    D. peaceful8 u/ j- V4 L9 g. }! _6 s0 R0 d2 a
  17. An institution that properly carries the name university is a more co
: k8 ]2 E; P  s' f- O  mprehensive and complex institution than any other kind of higher education____./ f0 t1 v. Z5 U) q6 q) s
  A. settlement  B. establishment      C. costruction  D. structure
: J; ~! N. }+ ~9 q  18. People’s status in society is frequently ____ by
0 k% @3 f! M, ^- M  how much they own.$ E; k: E* a  t
  A. measured   B. examined    C. tested   D. questioned
# H2 l( V1 h6 w. j  19. Jack is so ____ to his appearance that he never. o# Z$ y3 o" I, M7 H! d
  has his clothes pressed.
7 ?3 M+ {5 o' a1 s0 U  A. adverse   B. anonymous  C. indifferent     D. casual$ T1 u) D2 x( D
  20. There is an increasing ____ to make movies descr
6 v( w( b/ T) z5 g  ibing violence.
7 M5 L: s6 T' m. R8 d' L  A. strength   B. direction     C. tradition  D. trend
" Y: I- `; Y5 [6 i& W  u  21. Outside my office window there is a fire ____ on2 s5 T$ v  v/ G+ ]
  the right.5 s) l5 u; f$ ?( y* H
  A. escape    B. ladder  C. steps  D. stairs
! j( l$ S5 e7 w% _( i! A. ^  22. I ____ with the Browns during my stay in New Yor
3 t( \1 D" x9 z- Q  k City.# M* r2 u& y9 S% s
  A. put in  B. put down     C. put on     D. put up
8 M6 _6 |. x* b/ t7 z. J6 N& `3 y  23. Operations which left patients ____ and in need
% ]2 X  m5 A+ Q/ o' ^5 U) d9 a( h  of l1 f/ g( x  R. l- S8 R+ d8 T- y7 j
  ong periods of discovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.
: s2 ?& x# X% f. x+ C  A. exhausted     B. unhealthy     C. upset     D. fearful+ ^- u. u) o: i4 V$ V4 U. O' y0 Z
  24. Farmers are allowed to grow small gardens of their own and they sell
- p8 T  ], H! y8 Z2 m6 k  their vegetables ____ the black market.
! |, z+ }% G2 x$ d- B, D  A. on    B.  at   C. in     D. for
% D1 N. v$ _2 \, ~; r  25. The electric fan does not work because of the ____. M1 [6 K( B3 p4 U
  of service.
2 ?/ Q0 ^; M* U0 b3 ]$ c2 O
  A+ z) R: e4 y9 |4 n4 j  A. pause   B. break     C. interruption  D. breakdown
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:47 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解7

    试题答案与解析  </p>  1. D)   【句意】  虽然白色过去不受欢迎,但目# Y0 ~. p8 A1 g2 S, u+ d
  前它是婚纱的首选颜色。
" v' |3 @" i; ^9 b* [  【难点】  as是连词,引导让步状语从句时,往往使用半倒装形式。又如:; ?8 v$ D1 U0 \8 ~5 x
  Beautiful as she is, she is foolish.1 k, G5 d% `$ V' c; A1 ~# H) M2 [
  2. C)   【句意】  由于长时间无雨,田野变得十
* G: f& A- _8 ~7 Z) Q8 c  分干燥。
6 j6 S4 q3 D- O- P& c! g) D  【难点】  该句的前半部分是There be结构,完成式独立结构形式,这与时7 a0 L" M* c+ t9 O0 Y
  间状语for a long time相吻合。
2 S1 `7 K( u! U# V6 l5 u* t  3. A)   【句意】  数百万次计算如果用手工操作
  g( ^8 o# S" l6 a! I$ K: y  ,那么,到计算结束的时候,就将失去其全部实际意义。
( T1 D8 A3 j$ @: |, R: v5 S5 e6 h  【难点】  这是一句虚拟语气的句子,条件句使用了省略if的倒装句形式,
  ~9 l: f& c6 E) I4 K: K9 E- A6 y  动作与过去事实相反。
, m/ Q3 i* P& z  4. B)   【句意】  电视使我们能够在事情发生的
" G& N. o* S# L  那一瞬间就看到它们是如何发生的。
& A2 i" P6 S$ I; w5 t  j' F  【难点】  moment后接的是省略关系副词when的定语从句。B)符合题意要求
6 J: L0 I. v0 S0 P0 X+ ^2 ]  5. D)   【句意】  最令我惊讶的是,这个在车祸
# I4 m0 l$ h8 S3 N1 \& o  中失去双臂的小男孩能够用脚使用钢笔。5 j1 `, G: ?7 Z6 M% _
  【难点】  这是一个what从句作主语的典型句子。
# T! t) [7 ~+ T8 Z/ s' G+ H: B  6. A)   【句意】  虽然她很小的时候就写了很多
/ E2 n+ W, I8 U; F  |& Q8 j3 Z  短篇小说和诗歌,但她直到25岁才迎来第一次真正的成功。6 y4 O4 W6 D& T
  【难点】  这是一个练习not until结构的句子。
* v0 Z; x5 J3 L  G7 f. s  7. A)   【句意】  你应该知道,不该把你小妹妹8 C$ @" A; Z. I. s, {2 \
  一个人留在家里。8 e3 t, h$ d" ]/ B8 J1 _
  【难点】  to know better than to do sth.是一个常见的表示责备的句型  Z6 e2 O$ Z  w2 F- z7 d
  ,意为“应该知道不该做某事”。
/ Z0 c7 ?, Z- e$ Q. U- P5 h  8. C)   【句意】  既然火车一个小时以后才开,: z( I+ N# b$ g9 w- n9 g' r
  我们不妨到快餐店吃口东西。3 F1 H" j/ C$ H: l
  【难点】  might as well后接动词原形,意为“不妨,何不”。
2 _3 }3 s7 n5 Z. E" ?  9. D)   【句意】  当她没钱为孩子买吃的东西时
" g- I& b* h  k5 y  ,她开始偷。
4 \6 q( K; H$ O% D  【难点】  resort to意为:求助于,其中to是介词,后接动名词。/ z" m1 q9 R' S; x; ~
  10. A)   【句意】  那个男孩承认在昨天踢足球的
* y3 {- o/ h: {  时候打破了窗子。' F3 p; z' t! e3 L6 W! K! [0 f
  【难点】  admit to中的to是介词,后接名词或动名词。: n, F2 m5 v- A: g2 K8 C8 ]9 W" u$ W
  11. D)   【句意】  贝蒂建议我把我们的行李认真
, x, j& A' _% ^( Z8 x% e+ Y9 K# k  地贴上标签以免运输中放错位置。5 ]1 m, f0 S+ e! ?! N* q! {
  【难点】  mislay意为“把……放错地方”;misuse意为“错用滥用”;mi, ~2 B2 M  L, H/ r0 D0 z5 `
  shandle意为“瞎弄,胡乱操作”;mistake意为“误选”。
% a7 c+ Z- O, L6 B: J. \- R* g  12. C)   【句意】  就钱而言,她很富裕。然而这% n3 r* ^( v' T
  并不意味着她幸福。
/ ^, s$ i7 D6 |, t  【难点】  in terms of意为“从……方面来说”;concerning意为“关于5 L& H# R# f9 f6 T) M2 I
  ”;as to也是“关于;至于”;in the light of 意为“鉴于,由于”。
  j; W( K9 w6 ]6 M. \  13. A)   【句意】  一篇好文章,除其它因素外,
9 z  K) O9 `: n  u: k  还要求选词优美,组织清晰。0 f0 ]2 m% a  t$ Q, q3 Z
  【难点】  call for意为“要求,需要”;call on意为“号召,请求”;ca
( L& C- B/ o3 l% F( Y+ ~  ll up意为“使人想起” ;call off意为“取消,停止做”。
; U: P$ |0 Y2 @  14. C)   【句意】  对于顾客来说,直到最后时刻" H) n3 v; J. l- H/ z
  才让售货员猜出她真正喜欢什么,真正想买什么,这是一个涉及面子的问题。
; [% ^! B$ Q. J1 {; B  【难点】  a point of honor意为“涉及名誉的事情”;in one’s hon
6 w5 F* E) w9 d, U  or意为“为某人的
/ K; M0 I+ d& Y  荣誉”; on one’s honor意为“以名誉担保”;an honor意为“光荣的人或事”。- C; _7 ?/ c  Q* B
  15. B)   【句意】  这座房子可能下月上市。2 |8 X! E. q7 r
  【难点】  on the market意为“上市,出售”; fair意为“集市;庙会;
4 j) X/ d$ n6 u- r& ^. V  交易会”;shop是“商店”;store是“储存;仓库”。; R/ i4 P/ H4 O: ^  H
  16. A)   【句意】  很小的时候,乔治被介绍参与
4 U( x! `# \) e  m  了非法活动,他受雇为毒贩子放哨。0 i9 h/ {$ k, ~* P0 E; |
  【难点】  illegal 意为“不合法的,非法的”;lawful 意为“依法的,
' o- `4 F8 _. h8 }7 m2 C9 l  守/ s" J) V2 j) r1 a1 n7 U/ j/ X, @0 z
  定的”;faithful意为“忠实的,守信的”;peaceful 意为“平静的;安宁的”。. h6 i# r+ }2 z: V; C
  17. B)   【句意】  能称得上大学称号的机构是一9 y! D0 J$ i( C+ t# }- L# |+ @7 h
  个比其他种类高等教育机构都更复杂更综合的机构。
( _) |2 R5 {& f  【难点】  establishment 意为“企业,设施(公司,学校,医院,教会等& [) B- `- C: j
  )”;settlement( b6 Z  U  N, w& @' t  p4 q# r/ p% T
  意为“定居点;殖民地”;construction意为“建造;建筑物”;structure是“结构,构
; v3 ^9 q5 ~" |+ ~" m, ]1 g+ @  造”。
* M! G, w7 J# N  18. A)   【句意】  人的社会地位常常由他们拥有
" R, p& ?) P' s3 i  的财富的多少来衡量。
( K2 X, d- x8 l* j  【难点】  measure 意为“估量,衡量”;examine 意为“检查;仔细观察
7 {  A" Y0 W# g9 p. G4 ?; D9 [  ”;test意为“试验,测试”;question意为“询问,审问”。
9 T* n8 f& D: |# P, c; b, R  19. C)   【句意】  杰克从不注意自己的外表,衣( ^6 \- R/ ~2 {
  服从来不烫。0 _2 Q0 J& v7 z
  【难点】  indifferent意为“漠不关心的”; adverse意为“不利的,反" u* N# n: d- u' R* V
  对的”;anonymous 意为“匿名的”; casual意为“非正式的,不拘礼节的”。
/ X: {7 u% {, |  20. D)   【句意】  暴力片的拍摄大有上升趋势。) D6 D; Z# q+ a8 O. h4 Z
  【难点】  trend意为“倾向,趋势”;strength意为“力量,实力”;dir9 j. S; C  U  ?8 S: r

' P# f0 S) B- U8 \# ]  ection意为“方向”;tradition 意为“传统”。
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:48 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解7

  21. A)   【句意】  我办公室的窗外右侧有一个救</p>  生楼梯。
, H/ y+ P. ^. Y# Q; I8 P* [' ]& N' D  【难点】  fire escape 意为“防火安全楼梯(位于楼房的外侧面)”;la- ^0 ~/ X* u. R2 O1 Y! K- k. J
  dder意为“梯子”;steps意为“台阶”;stairs意为“楼梯”,指室内的。
0 ~8 L' K% [. Y( B  22. D)   【句意】  我在纽约市逗留期间和布朗一
, ~+ i7 U2 g7 I2 X9 y1 e  家人过了一夜。( ^* U) k7 \" n, z- f
  【难点】  put up意为“宿夜”;put in 意为“度过,消磨(时间等)”;  O$ B. y6 \8 V% T# b7 m! ?* Y
  put down意为“写下,记录”;put on 意为“上演,演出”。
( i! O$ I" _/ {. P  23. A)   【句意】  以前,病人手术后精疲力竭,, o( ^9 E4 F2 @1 u
  需长时间才能恢复,现在手术的病人却感到既轻松又舒适。2 J; r& Y' r! D/ j+ w1 e
  【难点】  exhausted 意为“精疲力竭的”;unhealthy意为“不健康的”% r, z3 ]5 [5 {
  ;upset意为“苦恼的,不适的”;fearful 意为“担心的,可怕的”。3 x4 C# C8 n/ o% n( S8 ?# z' H
  24. A)   【句意】  农夫们被允许在自己的菜园耕
% b% V3 X+ O' j4 w, \1 p  种,并将蔬菜拿到黑市上去卖。
8 u0 K2 Q$ `' u4 q! @) }) f  【难点】  on the market 意为“上市, 出售中”,其它介词搭配不合适
0 X6 e2 `7 i" b7 f2 B( ~; g, G( S  25. C)   【句意】  由于中止了服务,所以电扇不2 C0 n0 ?8 S; N  T
  转了。% |3 V& W' y% n8 P
  【难点】  interruption 意为“中止,中断”;pause 意为“暂停,间歇
( T* p" ^, R9 d2 [! U. h+ ^. j  ”;break意为“停顿,间歇”;breakdown意为“损坏,故障”。
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