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[专四辅导] 高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解6

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发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:45 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  Test Four- S0 _) R  |" \
  
" q. [3 \7 G6 r$ X* _* q8 l& t7 o  定语从句中关系代词: k+ _+ ~# i" V
  that的用法* }/ J3 n) g7 [0 R$ H
  1)在既指人又指事物的两个或两个以上的先行词后面。例如:
" U! t* O2 J! k5 Y/ ]  They are talking about the people and countries that they had visited.
& i3 [7 a! v  |  2)在限制性定语从句中有形容词最高级的先行词后面。例如:. a8 T9 K6 @% x, e1 A3 X/ u
  He is the best student that I have ever met.
. x% E4 ~" ^3 e1 R$ r9 q# J  s  3)在以“It is...”,“It was...”等开头的强调句中,和相应的疑问句中。如:2 `, k- m% e( u4 @9 o0 W0 d
  What is it that he wants?: O8 p; P$ w, v; A' Q, N
  4)在only, all, little的后面
/ K/ R# G7 d2 C  This is all that I know.3 e3 s9 B( l7 I
  5)在no, every, some和any等词后面,也包括在它们的复合词在内。如:
' k1 B  o+ s) K9 O  There is no person that is always in the right.0 t8 E" r, i: D- i, l& N
  Is there anything that I can do for you?7 k- f" D9 A3 u! O1 l
  0 G, u2 g4 I2 M; ]7 [. X  }, r
  近义词辨析
* c! C: o; R) V! x& R  beautiful, goodlooking, handsome, lovely, pretty
0 z/ [& ]" j7 U" @8 A- A  这组词均含有“美丽”、“漂亮”、“可爱”的意思。0 K; C( N$ j0 @$ Q6 M3 H' n3 I
  beautiful3 ]4 V" i" P2 [1 l- K3 c/ b
  指能不仅给人带来感官上的快乐,而且通过感官产生思想和灵魂的愉悦,在同类词中层次最高。. h$ d/ ^5 M5 c. ^
  She was even more beautiful than I had remembered.她比我记忆中的她更漂亮了。
% S, H( n* T) x% ^0 Y2 E5 [  goodlookingl
- `' N1 I+ b) N5 a  不如handsome, pretty意思强烈,指一般的“好看”或“悦目”。
! E" J+ v6 j" x& `) }1 q  That goodlooking young man visited the house once or twice a week.那个长相不错的年轻人一星期光顾一两次。2 s9 y: ~% G0 d  a4 n* L( [, c
  handsome
8 a) a8 I3 z5 V  J6 p3 e  〖FK(F+18mm。102mmZQ〗  通常是一种客观的不带感情色彩的评价。一个人如被形容为handsome,是指此人外貌符合观察者的要求,但不激发更深层的感受。4 E6 w' I7 f9 k: H
  He looked very handsome in his dark suit.他穿深色西装显得非常英俊。) Y) J8 i. C# d6 `$ g
  lovely
& z/ O! ~0 x% H0 E3 T, v: w& C  比感官的快乐更进一步,是强调纯粹情感上的愉悦,指觉得某人或某物“可爱”。- ~# }0 V* j+ g8 g: j3 O/ k- j" D
  Mary has two lovely daughters.玛丽有两个可爱的女儿。
$ R: j2 ~  P  [  k  \3 x# r  pretty
' Q: k+ x& A! v  s6 R1 g8 [  〖FK(F+18mm。102mmZQ〗  也是“漂亮、可爱”的意思。很少形容大而有影响力的事物,多形容事物不以其优秀、完美而以小巧、优雅、精致见长,使人容易接受并喜爱。
- R+ e5 [: ~" F9 F$ d9 D  Her boyfriend believes that she is the prettiest girl in the town.她男朋友觉得
& n! l2 X! u) V: H2 O& \, S; B  她是镇上最漂亮的女孩。
' `9 q( m8 b, f/ p- P  
0 U; s+ o2 E% H; T6 P9 ?; I! C6 c  全真模拟试题
; r* q1 k0 E& v6 ~6 [% T: [9 i  1. Evidence came up ____ specific sounds a5 T! a* q1 R; C' |
  re recognized by babies as young as six months old.% _7 z9 K' s: k" f$ Y) [6 ^
  A. what     B. that     C. which     D. whose' J/ y) z/ y5 ~
  2. I understand ____ preparation that staff must put i* ]) _- ^  D9 |  t7 `
  n under pressure to meet the deadline.% x, G0 Q3 H- h
  A. more than the enormous amount of
& ^! u6 K7 y5 r* [! g2 {) p  B. better than most the enormous number of7 ~9 O3 z( B9 ?; B7 h( j
  C. better than most the enormous amount of   ( i9 c/ f0 F; t
  D. fewer than the number of
1 ?! g7 U8 G# s8 M0 q  3. I’m sure your suggestion will ____ the problem.1 U7 q1 _7 D6 @+ y+ E, K
  A. contribute to solving   
) L9 d2 C+ C9 G& q" A# ]  B. be contributed to solve  ) J! q" T9 {/ H& c9 S
  C. contribute to solve  
8 q$ ?$ Y5 {, S8 G5 [  D. be contributed to solving; |& m# e9 o" t6 Y5 O; h
  4. In 1840, both Lucretian Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton resented ______ prope
( z% y, Q  T0 Q& p& C$ M  r seating at the World’s Antislavery convention in London because of their sex
, C& |! \  ?1 M7 z  A. refusing    B. to be refused  ) z. z- r  l! l/ e/ x
  C. being refused   D. having refused
  y/ t5 x  c2 ^  5. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it. I4 N- E3 N% `; \
  ____ before the West was settled.) A* t3 J4 _: ?7 Q  g9 m- p/ i
  A. could  B. did  C.  would   D. was
& l2 {  |, b( ]  6. You should have put the milk into the icebox, I expect it ____
3 c, t6 K" M5 w3 a  undrinkable.& Z! b( U1 s4 a2 P& J
  A. became    B.  had become' Q6 W6 s8 Y2 Q3 j, k1 u
  C. has become  D. becomes8 l/ \+ E+ m, |  a# o- u2 Y2 X
  7. It’s no good ____ him. He is always indifferent tow
" ^/ m% H' I* y- B: R: L& I$ n  ards others’ matters.
8 R0 S1 @1 h7 h  A. to turn to   B. turning to   C. turn to    D. turned to9 s5 S4 |4 o+ R- i* B" g% Z! z
  8. Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis
5 D3 Q% R/ f: T4 \  on pressure ____.. b& y& [! j& M0 L4 _; a/ q8 m- A
  A. than more on efficiency  + ]8 f; v" U$ e$ U3 u0 _% v
  B. and more on efficiency  
0 M- X- X; v( B/ F  C. and more efficiency  
  f+ d7 Z! x3 g  o
% M% _" q* P8 \7 C; \7 L  D. than efficiency
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:46 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解6

  9. She always put her medication on the top of the shelf lest the children</p>  ____ it by mistake.
; V2 Q. B9 W- c' B5 @, z  @  A. took     B. should take    C. had taken    D. would take
5 v  A( ~6 v5 z# T9 P9 V  i4 L4 w  10. The earnings of women are well below that of men ____( v) k" P! J! X, Z
  educational differences that are diminishing between the two sexes.+ q! U8 G8 C+ ~% ?8 v1 x( T6 h
  A. although     B.  though     C. despite of    D. in spite of+ Y- K/ J, |2 {7 j0 H/ l% I
  11. Many automobile accidents were ____ careless drivi8 L# U! F. w1 i; W9 ]+ c
  ng.% S. f1 O+ \7 d
  A. attributed to    B. resulted in   " T9 f% V* ?; X& C# e" H4 \0 K
  C. contributed to   D. raised from! u( ~2 O6 d9 z" ]; Q
  12. The actress wanted a hat to ____ her dress.2 b3 d3 {- r- u3 l
  A. go by     B. go through    C. go out    D. go with
; i) M! |5 Q6 E0 Z/ q1 Z2 F  13. It takes a lot of____ to put on a school play such7 Y0 q9 d9 y. I3 T
  as King Lear.( w/ B$ ^3 x3 F+ O$ `+ I$ @, ?! M  ?
  A. organization B. arrangement 0 \  _8 d7 u$ L. z
  C. management    D. preparation
. ?# p1 {5 r: X6 P  14. The police carried out a(n)____ search for the mis3 }) w5 {) E1 ^  S
  ing boy.
/ V4 X5 t$ s. `) I$ @  _  A. complete     B. entire    C. thorough     D. whole( s# S* @1 S, }: v4 `4 q
  15. The ____ crown jewels are kept in the Tower of Lon; v% @" q& n( d# c
  don.
  K5 U+ S& k8 \  A. valued    B. valueless     C. invaluable     D. usable
+ @% o" n" N! r$ P  16. Tom has been a vegetarian ____ principle for years
! b* y2 G* O( |. E  A. in     B.  on    C. for     D. by
. c; d, P. U+ g- c+ F* ~  17. When I got out of the car and walked about among them, ____. T' K: i8 Q* s$ m" z( H
  one old man who shook his head disapprovingly, they all began to cheer
- U8 d( T1 j( k* q; N1 d  A. see that B. except that   
4 o4 i' Y# U! P4 A' o: m  C.  provided that   D. except for
7 _  E2 C5 S9 E0 x2 J  18. ____ the water left in the kettle, the doctor put
* w0 g* l7 |$ o% n6 I  several things he unwrapped from a handkerchief.# \# W- i% {0 \
  A. At  B.  To  C. Within  D. Into7 [  D! f# i0 _+ X
  19. I am ____ grateful for the many kindnesses you hav3 F$ d' D3 g1 G0 I9 y0 c
  e shown my son.
+ _0 Z# T" c& e0 b/ Y2 S* Z% ~. j  A. excessively     B. much     C. certainly     D. exceedingly
( c- F# F) I3 n( ]  20. The ____ of AIDS has led to an expansion in resear
# i, }3 k' e. @) f6 j' e  ch seeking a cure.
8 F1 L4 `4 Y) y- g; @  A. innovation  B. selection  C. proliferation  D. conviction
6 @/ }/ \' x, H4 x8 K  21. I am sorry I have no time at present to ____ more
5 o5 D5 j* m, j" h& W1 Q  detail or give you an account of other cities of interest.
; e1 y: |8 @* I( ]! e  A. bring into     B. take into     C. come into    D. go into7 b- Y; |% Z, N6 D% @7 `
  22. When the idea of winning in sports is carried to excess, ____0 [: r3 j( i  \: r
  competition can turn into disorder and violence.' D( R0 M- O- \  y+ Q& X
  A. honestly  B. honest  C. honorable  D. honorary
- S1 B; D+ T# W' |* \: }; D/ r  23. Unless all the members agree to  ____ to the plan
. d/ m9 }4 Z- k( P8 `  there may be further development in the course of action., `! F% i! t1 G( B- t- t* i$ A! O
  A. tumble     B. stick  C. come  D. adjust4 {* S% C1 B6 j& D
  24. You must pay import ____ on certain goods brought; S/ M; q3 X5 q
  into this country.( f. X6 L& P" J* t" Q- f/ g$ Z
  A. money  B. fees   C. bills  D. duties
& \( L/ c: q  w" f  25. We expect Mr. White will ____ Class One when Miss8 B. c! K5 @8 ^, r3 t: M2 W; ?
  Jane retires.
: W: z6 \5 P* D( H* X, t) O& [' A8 h5 z! o. o
  A. take over  B. take up   C. take off  D. take to
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:47 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解6

  试题答案与解析  </p>  1. B)   【句意】  有证据表明,小至六个月的婴
8 ?% I7 W% P9 x5 j* x- v( O7 m  儿就能识别具体的声音。. O+ N8 J7 H) M" u
  【难点】  evidence后面的同位语从句被全句的谓语动词came up隔开,同% n0 |: v9 b- k
  位语从句须由that引导,所以B)项正确。, P* h/ d6 x% n/ h) q) x
  
6 v; a7 i% B5 b' X% o  v  ?  2. C)   【句意】  我比多数人更能理解员工们在
2 A& Z7 y: A9 ?! ?: Z" i  最后期限的压力下所做的大量准备工作。
, k' X% s; {: Z% B  【难点】  understand better than...意为“对…非常理解”。preparati
. p& p) y4 H0 P  U5 E3 S  on是不可数名词,须用amount修饰,故选C)。
8 a4 p* N( y' a8 t# d5 G  3. A)   【句意】  我相信你的建议将有助于问题
9 o( Z+ E% X$ A$ r8 Z  的解决。
! Y# e& e. n( B% i6 z  t  【难点】  contribute to意为“有助于,促成”,to是介词,所以后面应) X7 f9 J* ?: l, H7 B6 |
  接名词或动名词,故选A)。
  p  C* e( D  G/ X/ m! j  4. C)   【句意】  1840年,露克里蒂安·莫特和+ f9 j3 U% O6 `* a# d
  伊丽莎白·# b' y& A2 x3 m6 `
  凯蒂·斯坦顿因为他们的性别而没有得到伦敦世界废奴大会的席位,他们对此表示愤慨。
) E4 Z8 x+ c4 u, W) N& n  【难点】  resent后接名词或动名词作宾语,根据句意的要求,应使用动名
0 U/ [- J& D, N6 X  ~  词的被动语态形式,故选C)。
) g# s& a1 B* N- y0 v+ i+ k: G$ B  5. B)   【句意】  作为一个国家来说,美国将不
( {) H. G9 T& X' v  再具有开拓西部前所具有的那种冒险精神。- x. _5 E/ `3 c7 e" P# N
  【难点】  从意义来看,空格应填had,但主句中have是实义动词,为避免重- ]& t, f* Y& I/ t; r2 W$ R
  复,可用助动词do替代,即用did替代had,故B)为答案。2 P7 ^. v7 Q- D9 \0 C, h) H
  6. C)   【句意】  你本该把牛奶放到冰里。我想% U& v, A, \( z' ]( e, ~
  现在这牛奶不能喝了。% s# l; ?* f; [' ^2 e7 r
  【难点】  从句意分析,牛奶已经变质,不能喝了,属过去发生的动作对现# k7 y0 v9 \  W2 C7 D1 j3 S2 N, R
  在造成影响,再加上by now是现在完成时的典型时间状语,故选C)" J7 T4 M. C; _3 h
  7. B)   【句意】  向他求助没用,他对别人的事
3 f! o( r! n0 g- E3 h( h4 M  总是漠不关心。
4 _  ~- o* d/ ~" U) _# d  【难点】  It is no good doing sth是一个常见的句型,意为“做…没用% I7 T! [  l: W1 p
  ”,no good后面应接动名词形式。
/ w! T' I) j( n: k  8. B)   【句意】  有些公司采用弹性工作时间制* Q+ _0 C$ \5 K# M
  ,更注重效率,而不是压力。- i+ E7 i. h) p7 S" a
  【难点】  pressure和efficiency处于并列的位置,所以正确答案是B)。an
$ J  X# E& o, z8 P2 g# m  d more on efficiency,即more(emphasis) on efficiency。
+ W- m  ^' T  k1 ~  9. B)   【句意】  她总是把自己的药放到搁架上( z2 e  A; X" x" O  c/ f- {  B
  以免孩子错拿。: _1 Q" w) U7 D5 `: T, O; F
  【难点】  lest意为“以免”,后接虚拟语气should+动词原形。
5 O4 Z+ X8 X) {4 C4 d  10. D)   【句意】  尽管两性之间所受教育的差别1 ^, ~5 _0 }5 `1 _) D# G* [0 g9 o; K
  正在缩小,妇女的收入仍大大低于男人的收入。- Z) G" \/ l" `+ ]% ]" m
  【难点】  四个选项中只有in spite of后可接名词,despite不能和of连用* v' A7 m6 c! D( N7 @$ _* I3 F
  ,although和though是连词,后接从句。
% \4 k: z2 S$ \4 k2 H( _6 _) b: j# \  11. A)   【句意】  许多汽车交通事故都起因于莽8 |. i1 V& Y) R% p. O
  撞驾车。! I5 q* ^; g6 w
  【难点】  attribute to意为“把…归因于;contribute to意为“有助于3 e: I) \( T8 W: s% r
  ,促成”;result in意为“导致,结果造成”;raise from不是固定搭配。0 u' S, u( q" J7 X2 K" j2 y: I0 K
  12. D)   【句意】  那个女演员想要一个与她的连+ t7 F1 [! [/ \" a3 s
  衣裙相配的帽子。
& _6 `+ F7 s7 C$ h. t0 {) Y  【难点】  go with意为“与…相配”;go by意为“根据…作出判断”;go
3 D$ k' L8 s6 \# l4 R% x( i- F  through意为“通过;经历”;go out意为“过时”。
3 N8 e* E$ M3 _2 ~) ~2 H  13. A)   【句意】  上演《李尔王》这样一部校园" W# }, j" F! S; i/ f1 t) `7 ]6 N
  剧需要大量的组织工作。0 I5 N4 W! G5 t  K  b& q
  【难点】  organization意为“组织(行为)”;arrangement意为“安排”
2 j: ^3 F" E7 M9 m  ;management意为“经营,管理”;preparation意为“准备(状态);准备工作”。4 N* j+ B9 b% ~
  14. C)   【句意】  警方为寻找失踪的男孩进行了
' O  {% K: M8 {. Z  一次彻底搜寻。
$ i9 z/ O' {" R4 c" l  【难点】  thorough意为“彻底的”;complete意为“完全的,全部的”;
3 n3 p) \2 |% M5 h  entire意为“整个的,全部的”;whole意为“全体的,全部的”。8 m0 S; z5 y& R; l
  15. C)   【句意】  那些无价的皇冠珠宝保存在伦# P( ?6 T/ t# y, U6 ~2 [* A
  敦塔里。
  k. x9 C. t9 o  【难点】  invaluable意为“非常宝贵的,无价的”;valued意为“受重视( u+ Y; ~3 v5 F# S( U
  的;宝贵的”" }' g+ u* L/ ^7 n. \+ N: h5 i$ c
  ;valueless意为“没有价值的,毫无用处的”;usable意为“可用的,能用的”。
6 {( ]4 b$ K$ T" O4 ]' h6 _  16. B)   【句意】  多年来,汤姆一直是一个按原
7 K5 r: [( p) l; M7 w( O: I  则行事的素食者。
# i8 [' r+ k( D) X% U0 J% c  【难点】  on principle意为“根据行为准则;按照原则”;in principle
% o' u, b) T: H* G/ y' V' s$ {" {  意为“原则上;基本上;大体上”。for和by不与principle搭配。3 Q, S) T' l* x6 E7 ^: T# ]$ Q
  17. D)   【句意】  当我下车走在他们中间的时候
% ~+ i4 Y6 Y6 c1 v3 ^  ,除了一个老头不满地摇了摇头,大家都开始欢呼。% l  z# R" H1 V
  【难点】  except for意为“除…以外”,后接名词;see that意为“留意2 Q* j: R) Q- D  I* Y+ Y
  …;负责…;务必
$ f% ~: m0 X) k: C9 D  …”;except that意为“除去…之外”后接句子;provided that意为“倘若,在…条件下
# h: r! N7 r8 J
5 r, y6 b. o; B/ S* W9 x1 m) D  ”。
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:48 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解6

  18. D)   【句意】  那位医生打开手帕里包着的几</p>  样东西,放入了壶内剩下的水里。
/ j8 T- d) \. ~  【难点】  为强调放入水中,把地点状语放到了句首。
) u+ z2 |3 B5 h2 E. S- K$ ^- \9 N$ o  19. D)   【句意】  我非常感激你给我儿子的那么' Y3 f8 V( C9 [& V  k& n: B- E8 k& L
  多照顾。
1 Z! e5 E% R2 c- K1 U8 l  【难点】  exceedingly意为“非常,极其”;excessively意为“过多地,
+ i; ~9 `9 H! c' G4 l& G  过分地”;much
; X$ g6 h) b, s4 `  常以too much,so much,very much的形式出现;certainly意为“无疑地;一定”。
: ?8 Y7 m' K6 Y. B  20. C)   【句意】  爱滋病的扩散使得人们做更多3 E' M7 y7 q( X% I1 o' }, k+ R
  的研究工作去寻找治疗的方法。
2 w: _: S) `8 X  s2 _1 H# G" j  【难点】  proliferation意为“激增;扩散”;innovation意为“革新,
5 H- r- S% v) i4 N$ J  创新”;selection意为“选择;选' j( R3 q+ G( u& W6 ~2 ?+ M: F
  拔”;conviction意为“定罪,判罪”。
3 b  T8 {5 L' \) V' A  21. D)   【句意】  对不起,我眼下没时间讲得更/ |. Z3 ~) i/ _9 i5 x. c9 c
  细,也不能把其它旅游城市给你进行一个描述。) l' X# d# B3 c# T. i( n& t$ Q
  【难点】  go into意为“叙述;讨论”;bring后面很少加into; take int8 _2 u, i* ]# ]3 E; Z1 {
  o和come into与本题意不符。) m0 w) \. s3 w! H8 k) _! I
  22. C)   【句意】  当竞争意识发展到极端时,荣: ~. E% |3 A* J6 ^
  誉可能变成混乱和暴力。
0 ?0 P2 Y$ Y' f7 X: |. d  【难点】  honorable意为“荣誉的,光荣的”;honestly是副词,意为“3 Y& G) I0 c( V/ m5 A8 ]
  诚实地”,不能修/ Y- p- x; H8 i. h& v
  饰名词,honest虽能修饰名词,但其意义不合题意;honorary意为“(学位、称号等)作为一
; j; D3 S$ h' H) V8 B6 R! d' o5 C, r% S  种荣誉而授予的,名誉的”。
- y1 W4 x4 R7 d1 v2 t$ V8 o" |  23. B)   【句意】  除非所有成员都同意坚持这个
& P5 y0 b4 i/ n  计划,否则行动过程中会有进一步改进。# `8 `& a& }/ r' i/ v- j' N& V! y4 ~
  【难点】  stick to意为“坚持;坚守”;tumble to意为“突然察觉”;c
! [* l( B, K$ B; w" M  }# [5 \, U9 O  ome to意为“降临,发生”;adjust to意为“调整;适应”。  a8 I$ |9 R( |, m+ Q1 h, T. c  n
  24. D)   【句意】  带入本国的某些商品要交进口
- [  I( \% {; G9 Z9 Q& z+ v2 l  税。* m- y9 H% x5 U/ _( b/ [
  【难点】  duties意为“税,关税”;bill意为“帐单”;fee意为“费”
8 e! A9 E5 Y. B8 \* c6 ^- s9 g  。
1 w" z) v3 m4 A+ Y& h  25. A)   【句意】  我们希望珍妮小姐退休' {2 Z: A, U+ \3 r
  后,怀特先生能够接管一班。; Q$ ~' Z5 ^! Z. {
  【难点】  take over意为“接收,接管”;take up意为“开始采用;采取$ o; w2 Z: Z2 c
  ,( m. u' o' @( ^6 n5 u
  承担”;take off意为“脱去;拿掉”;take to意为“开始从事;开始沉湎于”。
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