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[专四辅导] 高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解6

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发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:45 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  Test Four
4 ~9 C' v: k+ b+ O1 _9 j- J  - G# ?) ], e+ Z- Y8 j) Y
  定语从句中关系代词
2 p& F/ M3 `9 S* \, K# k  that的用法9 J( ]6 z- e5 b/ k$ W5 ~
  1)在既指人又指事物的两个或两个以上的先行词后面。例如:0 ]$ m6 ^2 M+ G; f" K
  They are talking about the people and countries that they had visited.1 J7 Q" h$ D8 y) w: I3 b2 G
  2)在限制性定语从句中有形容词最高级的先行词后面。例如:0 x% s, Y5 T, \1 ]" g& b8 p# d
  He is the best student that I have ever met.* ]/ b' G1 B& f  `
  3)在以“It is...”,“It was...”等开头的强调句中,和相应的疑问句中。如:4 j6 X/ @( Z- b3 d$ f7 T$ R
  What is it that he wants?
4 @) z$ l3 q, p  4)在only, all, little的后面7 d3 G4 y9 T0 m: n8 S' Z' a
  This is all that I know.% n9 v+ N5 K& W0 W
  5)在no, every, some和any等词后面,也包括在它们的复合词在内。如:0 b2 K/ D( y* a2 j: c6 Y
  There is no person that is always in the right." D6 {+ R+ r2 ^, L8 P  q. z
  Is there anything that I can do for you?6 f8 K: ^, P& ~: a3 l
  
1 E. r! q4 P4 w4 J0 J  近义词辨析$ Y' d7 k8 f6 \2 @6 Y
  beautiful, goodlooking, handsome, lovely, pretty) D* C# f& J" C4 ]0 M
  这组词均含有“美丽”、“漂亮”、“可爱”的意思。- w* K# Q$ o) S* I
  beautiful9 w2 @" r9 F  p0 s
  指能不仅给人带来感官上的快乐,而且通过感官产生思想和灵魂的愉悦,在同类词中层次最高。
  n4 A, D9 H- _  She was even more beautiful than I had remembered.她比我记忆中的她更漂亮了。* g" f% s! D2 ]% A1 m5 B3 h
  goodlookingl5 B; t9 `2 N% j( R
  不如handsome, pretty意思强烈,指一般的“好看”或“悦目”。
' q/ h4 X/ i* J1 ~0 I. Z  That goodlooking young man visited the house once or twice a week.那个长相不错的年轻人一星期光顾一两次。
5 c5 ^2 v0 j( ?  handsome
0 r4 N" w; Y3 _' j/ K  〖FK(F+18mm。102mmZQ〗  通常是一种客观的不带感情色彩的评价。一个人如被形容为handsome,是指此人外貌符合观察者的要求,但不激发更深层的感受。3 |7 p, o9 D# j5 {3 O
  He looked very handsome in his dark suit.他穿深色西装显得非常英俊。+ t/ d1 b$ l/ T: J) O! y, ?
  lovely& J& Z4 R8 o& U. c- O
  比感官的快乐更进一步,是强调纯粹情感上的愉悦,指觉得某人或某物“可爱”。. I! N2 v0 N+ [7 Q$ ]; }- T
  Mary has two lovely daughters.玛丽有两个可爱的女儿。- T1 }8 t3 U" z$ t% i3 B: W
  pretty9 g4 {: d7 ?4 E) ?- C
  〖FK(F+18mm。102mmZQ〗  也是“漂亮、可爱”的意思。很少形容大而有影响力的事物,多形容事物不以其优秀、完美而以小巧、优雅、精致见长,使人容易接受并喜爱。; p' x/ I$ M4 z* M7 a' Q
  Her boyfriend believes that she is the prettiest girl in the town.她男朋友觉得" E5 |. g; p" h0 C1 s
  她是镇上最漂亮的女孩。# V, P. Q4 v2 k3 q7 ]' ~8 R- {% h
  
* O0 a" E" u6 c9 d5 a9 |9 |  全真模拟试题
8 @* `# Z: J5 J' W8 A" `  1. Evidence came up ____ specific sounds a! j. A( J) C- }# M- W" f
  re recognized by babies as young as six months old.% U  f$ K0 R1 ]
  A. what     B. that     C. which     D. whose+ I2 J% q8 ]5 ~
  2. I understand ____ preparation that staff must put i' u% d$ G+ D, [5 ]3 Y  v; I& n, T" \
  n under pressure to meet the deadline.- [: [) V2 Z$ H9 W3 S# j; R
  A. more than the enormous amount of( N( @) f/ f5 |
  B. better than most the enormous number of
4 }' ~6 O: _+ t  C. better than most the enormous amount of   
, O8 p5 R/ s& n( G3 p  D. fewer than the number of
& S, d3 Z5 b- N% f' p- n  3. I’m sure your suggestion will ____ the problem.
3 |6 e' I0 z8 g  A. contribute to solving   9 G; W" l7 F% G0 C  p6 ]
  B. be contributed to solve  1 g4 l" `& J( S  ]+ t7 s
  C. contribute to solve  & P, W: E3 a. O1 J, p$ L! A7 g: x
  D. be contributed to solving5 I- J# ]% F. x" q" q
  4. In 1840, both Lucretian Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton resented ______ prope
/ j5 ]! [2 O; }, `9 V6 Z& Q, c) J  r seating at the World’s Antislavery convention in London because of their sex
/ I. W& c& h& e2 w1 y8 \0 J6 g  A. refusing    B. to be refused  . D! b/ L8 Q- A$ x+ F
  C. being refused   D. having refused
0 J+ o# P  F$ M  5. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it$ X; t) r; j: r1 m
  ____ before the West was settled.
! n9 Y& N& O: t0 ]5 J# R. h, e  A. could  B. did  C.  would   D. was
: _  w* `$ h6 g. i  6. You should have put the milk into the icebox, I expect it ____
& U' P/ w3 Q+ |$ e5 A( ^0 y  undrinkable./ E: z& ]* S' X$ ?+ T: R
  A. became    B.  had become% G8 J6 i2 ^3 N- D9 v
  C. has become  D. becomes  h+ g# `* s( s: Q
  7. It’s no good ____ him. He is always indifferent tow
5 S# z0 d4 Z: V& J8 l  ards others’ matters.* q& ^/ ^& O% @* p+ E
  A. to turn to   B. turning to   C. turn to    D. turned to
" G  b1 Z5 E$ l0 K  8. Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis9 J1 V% G9 f$ ?# E/ ?# F8 Z% M
  on pressure ____.
$ S" h7 G+ P1 F  A. than more on efficiency  & o' `' Z/ _# A9 s) R8 d
  B. and more on efficiency  * s7 e0 r9 k9 U
  C. and more efficiency  
+ [4 S. }# t. @( k# y3 h7 @& H* k$ ]# C4 i: [: N
  D. than efficiency
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:46 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解6

  9. She always put her medication on the top of the shelf lest the children</p>  ____ it by mistake.' X# H& C4 j2 J/ D8 p8 u
  A. took     B. should take    C. had taken    D. would take
' o  X4 M" D7 M+ d* e# ~5 [  10. The earnings of women are well below that of men ____! L8 c% y0 S8 c  J4 H
  educational differences that are diminishing between the two sexes.( \$ W( K& T( E" l! C9 L
  A. although     B.  though     C. despite of    D. in spite of9 r" Y! Y# ^6 d- Z0 ~5 a+ i
  11. Many automobile accidents were ____ careless drivi
: {) x' V% A4 \+ E7 g. a  B  ng.
# @( \& m7 D9 ^5 E7 x, ~  O' }6 l  A. attributed to    B. resulted in   
. Y0 S3 y% ^/ h8 t$ T  C. contributed to   D. raised from/ w) l( u" H/ T( I
  12. The actress wanted a hat to ____ her dress.; o* T3 Z% Q( z- m9 r# ~6 {; L, y
  A. go by     B. go through    C. go out    D. go with
- h  B8 q- M6 R% p* O$ Y  13. It takes a lot of____ to put on a school play such, s# c$ g9 s# v: _
  as King Lear.8 x6 U$ g) T' Y; q) m) v
  A. organization B. arrangement 
( q# @% g  }! @; D+ w  C. management    D. preparation, e0 i5 H$ L9 k% ~: L! W# ?  X
  14. The police carried out a(n)____ search for the mis
9 }, t9 _; U1 W* g, b  ing boy.* @* x  W6 j3 p# M9 ~: `
  A. complete     B. entire    C. thorough     D. whole8 e3 A/ S$ b" i
  15. The ____ crown jewels are kept in the Tower of Lon
% }: ~+ @! G) X  z& S; D8 J3 q1 U  don.
& b! z- S) g2 p2 t% d  A. valued    B. valueless     C. invaluable     D. usable
" a8 Z, V1 F+ t7 P  16. Tom has been a vegetarian ____ principle for years
4 `3 S( d  f5 `, ~( v  A. in     B.  on    C. for     D. by: }2 A& ^& [. J7 [7 Y
  17. When I got out of the car and walked about among them, ____
! \0 Q5 M* g4 ]) i  one old man who shook his head disapprovingly, they all began to cheer
  a! ^8 l  v# f5 q. K5 _  A. see that B. except that   
, x( _4 q" W. ?$ a' I  C.  provided that   D. except for
, m& b$ F6 W6 q+ c- J2 O  18. ____ the water left in the kettle, the doctor put
7 e7 `3 Y) Y: u; f3 l9 J  several things he unwrapped from a handkerchief." Z3 n! n( z# N: \; j
  A. At  B.  To  C. Within  D. Into
4 W4 g' W8 p) w- b: O% T  19. I am ____ grateful for the many kindnesses you hav5 C) C0 b' @% Y/ L: `: i- l
  e shown my son.
5 z4 c. H7 E$ }+ V" W5 B  A. excessively     B. much     C. certainly     D. exceedingly( o+ ^0 O' n  }8 h6 o1 O# O$ W
  20. The ____ of AIDS has led to an expansion in resear5 v: [  C% X+ S- `/ w% Q: B. ]
  ch seeking a cure.
  L. J' E" w- w/ R4 j- d- f5 h  A. innovation  B. selection  C. proliferation  D. conviction8 F: V2 q3 q" t  _% s% M; e
  21. I am sorry I have no time at present to ____ more
' _7 j$ ~/ o) }- ^2 F  detail or give you an account of other cities of interest.
9 m( d' R$ H/ z1 Z  A. bring into     B. take into     C. come into    D. go into
* }% W2 R; {9 o0 w  22. When the idea of winning in sports is carried to excess, ____9 p: B. d8 ^6 ]$ F8 ~7 p3 V* R  ]
  competition can turn into disorder and violence.8 V) _2 }  X# G) b2 J$ C* Y
  A. honestly  B. honest  C. honorable  D. honorary% p) m" y5 o' G9 ~6 L
  23. Unless all the members agree to  ____ to the plan& S9 T$ u; v( m+ B( Q* E5 O
  there may be further development in the course of action.
+ \" q  D: i+ L  w! j  A. tumble     B. stick  C. come  D. adjust
! x' E( ^: i- ?: b  24. You must pay import ____ on certain goods brought
1 [. ?! t, |, _- F' c9 @  into this country.# @! V) s% e9 ^1 I( H
  A. money  B. fees   C. bills  D. duties/ j; t* `. S; e& d# [  f, [% y3 I+ B
  25. We expect Mr. White will ____ Class One when Miss
0 @1 r" Q0 {% i; z  Jane retires., ~2 h$ R# V  U" l3 K
/ B* i) H+ ^* w' r0 |0 @$ d( \9 b( l% ^
  A. take over  B. take up   C. take off  D. take to
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:47 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解6

  试题答案与解析  </p>  1. B)   【句意】  有证据表明,小至六个月的婴
% y0 l1 }& V: f3 l! @7 s  儿就能识别具体的声音。
, q* B# l# y3 r& O' f- e. J" v  【难点】  evidence后面的同位语从句被全句的谓语动词came up隔开,同9 P. z) C8 J7 c* s  o
  位语从句须由that引导,所以B)项正确。, i6 Y# b* J5 O+ H: e4 K
  
/ _) p! a( k7 K, V, g  L  2. C)   【句意】  我比多数人更能理解员工们在
) H1 [0 L5 v7 g) _0 C: Y1 O  最后期限的压力下所做的大量准备工作。/ g) d* y# S8 @" O- ]
  【难点】  understand better than...意为“对…非常理解”。preparati1 T+ w2 d# k% W  f
  on是不可数名词,须用amount修饰,故选C)。
) h5 U2 }! A. J3 s& Z  3. A)   【句意】  我相信你的建议将有助于问题+ l) c- @9 I+ k1 F3 ^8 {0 y
  的解决。
2 @( q, h8 M+ v% A  【难点】  contribute to意为“有助于,促成”,to是介词,所以后面应2 O# E6 V; w6 V& V6 y8 ~: q% s
  接名词或动名词,故选A)。, f/ w8 P4 v* y  c
  4. C)   【句意】  1840年,露克里蒂安·莫特和8 ~. K( b$ A( F
  伊丽莎白·! j" Z5 R9 E' d. c$ _
  凯蒂·斯坦顿因为他们的性别而没有得到伦敦世界废奴大会的席位,他们对此表示愤慨。  c) E3 \# H1 K4 l3 K! S
  【难点】  resent后接名词或动名词作宾语,根据句意的要求,应使用动名) T* B) |( [) g9 R$ S
  词的被动语态形式,故选C)。
  w) p2 V- o1 p6 s, C  5. B)   【句意】  作为一个国家来说,美国将不
! D) `! Q+ c0 x, z. g5 w  再具有开拓西部前所具有的那种冒险精神。
1 t3 M% s3 f% x1 U! S' e0 o9 F  【难点】  从意义来看,空格应填had,但主句中have是实义动词,为避免重/ c) x" u( G6 @, Y" V6 v5 d
  复,可用助动词do替代,即用did替代had,故B)为答案。% t( m0 N& `8 F, \9 E5 `
  6. C)   【句意】  你本该把牛奶放到冰里。我想
0 S7 B7 P9 |$ ~: m2 d  现在这牛奶不能喝了。( q; U9 I' u: p; d6 E# ]
  【难点】  从句意分析,牛奶已经变质,不能喝了,属过去发生的动作对现
3 w% Y8 m* [" ]! y  在造成影响,再加上by now是现在完成时的典型时间状语,故选C)
" U; @% g8 q7 Z0 T! M) o* l* r9 ^  7. B)   【句意】  向他求助没用,他对别人的事1 @* \8 K, m& [  _; v2 n! m' R
  总是漠不关心。
2 r1 W/ h& i' ?$ {$ v! `  【难点】  It is no good doing sth是一个常见的句型,意为“做…没用9 Y4 x7 k) j9 s4 [* L8 J
  ”,no good后面应接动名词形式。& W5 d1 H' Q& K! C: B
  8. B)   【句意】  有些公司采用弹性工作时间制
# `1 x# A; g: ?6 S9 d8 ]( o* ?! b  Q  ,更注重效率,而不是压力。( [. c+ x2 ?6 n2 i
  【难点】  pressure和efficiency处于并列的位置,所以正确答案是B)。an
( U8 g7 Z) [% E! T/ a5 C  d more on efficiency,即more(emphasis) on efficiency。
) _; u) B+ |# a  9. B)   【句意】  她总是把自己的药放到搁架上
# F, ]$ Z  x4 v: B$ @  以免孩子错拿。
4 G, e. n  {% j3 f  【难点】  lest意为“以免”,后接虚拟语气should+动词原形。  Y4 t! @; [- {. l2 m
  10. D)   【句意】  尽管两性之间所受教育的差别) N1 b% ^0 Z  G* W
  正在缩小,妇女的收入仍大大低于男人的收入。
9 M5 O0 }% e3 R0 g& F  【难点】  四个选项中只有in spite of后可接名词,despite不能和of连用; B8 |# d  q) H  K
  ,although和though是连词,后接从句。, }# h) A5 G5 H8 t" x3 V) R" |
  11. A)   【句意】  许多汽车交通事故都起因于莽" g+ m) h7 t* b# Y
  撞驾车。+ ^6 Z* S4 H& m% ~
  【难点】  attribute to意为“把…归因于;contribute to意为“有助于% R5 O8 d6 |1 H  J8 O" Z5 s
  ,促成”;result in意为“导致,结果造成”;raise from不是固定搭配。
" x# |6 M# F( q5 M9 ?. Z/ O  12. D)   【句意】  那个女演员想要一个与她的连
$ O5 M, Q4 L& l3 @  衣裙相配的帽子。: {0 v7 z8 r  m" R0 f
  【难点】  go with意为“与…相配”;go by意为“根据…作出判断”;go+ p9 G: q! i( j% n7 ^6 M* _
  through意为“通过;经历”;go out意为“过时”。
3 Q1 Q7 O. g$ H! X8 {  13. A)   【句意】  上演《李尔王》这样一部校园0 U9 f+ m9 f3 R% Q$ m  P
  剧需要大量的组织工作。
' A- e* ], A: I! A9 `9 e  【难点】  organization意为“组织(行为)”;arrangement意为“安排”. u! h" g; q* d! T1 [* [
  ;management意为“经营,管理”;preparation意为“准备(状态);准备工作”。
* t2 f& B  X6 T% U& m  14. C)   【句意】  警方为寻找失踪的男孩进行了9 m4 B+ V. F; a: [9 r
  一次彻底搜寻。
$ d; G+ h2 A. L' m1 y% w  【难点】  thorough意为“彻底的”;complete意为“完全的,全部的”;
6 l3 `8 B! |1 F5 q  entire意为“整个的,全部的”;whole意为“全体的,全部的”。. V( m2 b3 Q; M; R9 y7 [5 F$ v
  15. C)   【句意】  那些无价的皇冠珠宝保存在伦/ G! \; a+ V. _+ n
  敦塔里。
. X+ o2 H! c  h" }  【难点】  invaluable意为“非常宝贵的,无价的”;valued意为“受重视
" w, w/ e! {3 W* F, C  的;宝贵的”
$ R9 _# {9 U7 e( D  ;valueless意为“没有价值的,毫无用处的”;usable意为“可用的,能用的”。& K6 M3 ]5 F: a* n
  16. B)   【句意】  多年来,汤姆一直是一个按原* j; O! d5 e: G6 u) Y7 X% G' e
  则行事的素食者。
  p5 Q" e, [7 k5 \5 C  【难点】  on principle意为“根据行为准则;按照原则”;in principle
; ]+ A; W; x# A' x1 Z( f  意为“原则上;基本上;大体上”。for和by不与principle搭配。; I9 o5 \( O7 x* Z' x/ q- P
  17. D)   【句意】  当我下车走在他们中间的时候
- U4 ]( h, H- G" V  ,除了一个老头不满地摇了摇头,大家都开始欢呼。
3 X1 F" ~& E& E) t  【难点】  except for意为“除…以外”,后接名词;see that意为“留意
; ]* z" j; j4 K5 k' z$ n  …;负责…;务必
9 w3 @. x, \7 |" g6 o+ O* a1 F  …”;except that意为“除去…之外”后接句子;provided that意为“倘若,在…条件下
2 a* V# z$ t* o  e
! g* n8 W& X$ j; t6 L  ”。
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:48 | 显示全部楼层

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解6

  18. D)   【句意】  那位医生打开手帕里包着的几</p>  样东西,放入了壶内剩下的水里。0 k4 w$ M1 B) J
  【难点】  为强调放入水中,把地点状语放到了句首。' r7 v6 W. @* n0 V
  19. D)   【句意】  我非常感激你给我儿子的那么$ }% D1 k( v' v& n' J: R3 S
  多照顾。" x. D; b* K/ g( j' g" T
  【难点】  exceedingly意为“非常,极其”;excessively意为“过多地,# z( a2 J( R5 f. c+ h1 t
  过分地”;much
3 ~( ?" Y- y* ?" X8 D6 E  常以too much,so much,very much的形式出现;certainly意为“无疑地;一定”。
5 t3 }% L0 N/ D$ |6 ?  20. C)   【句意】  爱滋病的扩散使得人们做更多6 C  L: I- \3 W* ^7 w
  的研究工作去寻找治疗的方法。" W3 G. q, }  ]# A  X) P. ?* P% `
  【难点】  proliferation意为“激增;扩散”;innovation意为“革新,: L3 E3 R( P- ]: q
  创新”;selection意为“选择;选$ M$ N2 ?, O5 @+ {! N& q
  拔”;conviction意为“定罪,判罪”。, g+ ?. q2 ?: ?4 s) a: S
  21. D)   【句意】  对不起,我眼下没时间讲得更1 K% P8 u) p/ F2 w  |
  细,也不能把其它旅游城市给你进行一个描述。* a3 d* Y- i. t
  【难点】  go into意为“叙述;讨论”;bring后面很少加into; take int
9 G! R( x, Y, W  o和come into与本题意不符。
3 A3 D' L7 k; g, P! U  22. C)   【句意】  当竞争意识发展到极端时,荣
$ @- b/ S. t$ Y6 Y  誉可能变成混乱和暴力。
$ S& x" T6 R$ q# Z; t! W  【难点】  honorable意为“荣誉的,光荣的”;honestly是副词,意为“, B4 S5 D% D! I7 N% |
  诚实地”,不能修, `% A9 B  T/ O. J% {0 k- m
  饰名词,honest虽能修饰名词,但其意义不合题意;honorary意为“(学位、称号等)作为一
: h' j9 \& _" q  种荣誉而授予的,名誉的”。( d# O$ G4 N. H; P# Z) @6 L
  23. B)   【句意】  除非所有成员都同意坚持这个) H* j0 i! U- l% {# J4 `
  计划,否则行动过程中会有进一步改进。0 x1 p3 \0 K0 \. L3 ?
  【难点】  stick to意为“坚持;坚守”;tumble to意为“突然察觉”;c8 X0 U/ `' m7 |4 v9 y( I3 }
  ome to意为“降临,发生”;adjust to意为“调整;适应”。
# P- `: @% x+ h8 J) F2 Z, ^  24. D)   【句意】  带入本国的某些商品要交进口, d7 i# K# X  D/ Z
  税。
4 X* p5 h  \" B  【难点】  duties意为“税,关税”;bill意为“帐单”;fee意为“费”
) {, p# ]" H2 c8 u( Z  。+ g0 P0 e/ N) f+ X$ U
  25. A)   【句意】  我们希望珍妮小姐退休5 i% U9 G% R1 R. i6 U" ^
  后,怀特先生能够接管一班。
! r1 e9 {3 L* {, }! P8 V; `* {  【难点】  take over意为“接收,接管”;take up意为“开始采用;采取
$ I- O/ y( `3 f3 z: q) ?. V4 h- L  ,0 n6 ?7 n3 m% W- L' \3 |1 \
  承担”;take off意为“脱去;拿掉”;take to意为“开始从事;开始沉湎于”。
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