despite, in spite of, notwithstanding
2 ]: o1 ?7 A1 _$ M. \: [7 X* _' j$ `/ \ 这些前置词或前置短语都含有“虽然,尽管”之意。
& I% M$ R. ?+ w% [- h despite : 书面用词,指不受某事或某种原因的阻碍,语气轻于in spite of。
( A X; Q7 t5 L1 b) l% @ Despite the fact that she is short, she is an excellent basketball player.(尽管她个子矮, 却是个出色的篮球运动员。)
2 P+ K" d9 ]# V; _) g. X4 ] in spite of : 在这些词中语气最强,可与despite换用,口语或书面语中均可使用。
+ r/ \- g$ ~, r I went out in spite of the rain.(尽管下雨我仍然外出。)
# C2 F% o4 t# m. b9 H/ O notwithstanding : 语气最弱,仅表示一种障碍的存在。+ e2 ?5 U0 F& F, ^1 J( d
He insisted on going to the football match, notwithstanding his doctor's advice to the contrary.(他不顾医生的劝阻, 坚持要去看足球比赛。) |