despite, in spite of, notwithstanding$ B1 Q/ Q! s/ s7 o L9 L% x- C
这些前置词或前置短语都含有“虽然,尽管”之意。9 c5 ?8 j1 |& c( S
despite : 书面用词,指不受某事或某种原因的阻碍,语气轻于in spite of。& \3 m. P1 S5 |* N5 u
Despite the fact that she is short, she is an excellent basketball player.(尽管她个子矮, 却是个出色的篮球运动员。)/ i0 q8 x6 W; M: e) B0 S
in spite of : 在这些词中语气最强,可与despite换用,口语或书面语中均可使用。3 U5 z# ?- C J P6 p
I went out in spite of the rain.(尽管下雨我仍然外出。)
+ C+ B& b8 Q: i- D notwithstanding : 语气最弱,仅表示一种障碍的存在。
% G- [* O. D; d& x8 l He insisted on going to the football match, notwithstanding his doctor's advice to the contrary.(他不顾医生的劝阻, 坚持要去看足球比赛。) |