英语专业四级辅导：词汇与语法全真模拟练习38

会计考友

今天我们要来复习的就是独立逐个结构.准备好笔记了吗?
5 s- B+ e% ^4 g. d6 B( r; z/ u　　1）名词 / 代词 + 分词
' G+ b9 R/ S1 z  H7 K　　The foreign travelers had many talks with the natives, the guide acting as an interpreter.
　　He being absent, nothing could be done.
6 q# Z5 {  ?7 n0 V4 Y# ?$ ?8 C　　The floor being wet and slippery, we stay outside.
　　All things considered, I think I ought to award the job to Mrs. Smith.
　　•1. 独立主格结构的语法形式是：主语+非谓语动词。
　　•2. 非谓语动词有三种：（1）to + v.
! [" ~+ d* m2 o4 I; _" h& Y/ T　　• （2）v. –ing
　　• （3）v. –ed
　　•3. 非谓语动词的特点：
　　• 1) 时间关系：（1） 不定式具有后时性
2 \7 t- m* ^7 z2 F# ~9 X# b5 V　　• （2） –ing 分词具有同时性
( [+ q8 C! Y' J3 m, m9 C9 v. p　　• （3） –ed 分词具有先时性
* G" i2 c5 H: F0 _& K  t　　e.g. Here are the first two volumes, the third one to come out next month.
6 g2 b' K1 y; Q/ U  f' v% S　　They visited Danxia Mountain yesterday, Miss Lee acting as the tourist guide.
　　His work done, he went home.
　　2）逻辑主语与非谓语动词的关系：
7 P) Z. S# W+ |/ z  H# t/ u6 \　　(1) –ing分词表主动
　　(2) –ed分词表被动
& [: T' \+ e$ l0 V' L! P　　e.g. He being sick in bed, the team had to find a replacement.
　　Weather permitting, we will go picnicking this weekend.
8 I3 j) D1 L1 L) i+ K　　The friendly match being over, the players of the two countries shook hands with each other.
9 f2 H) C4 @3 `3 w. t　　All the tickets sold out, they returned home disappointed.
" _) k% B8 d- r) T/ `, X" f　　The dispute settled, the meeting came to an end.
" E) i1 |& Q$ W　　His voice drowned by the noise, the speaker interrupted his lecture.　　
0 P+ h+ m* h* K$ {! ^0 V　　 现在你对独立主格的结构了解多少呢?那么喵喵跟你们讲一下解题要领,当然这是个人意见.如果你们有更好的解题办法记得告诉我哦!
0 |, Y3 z9 y6 J+ K% \　　(1) 找出非谓语动词的逻辑主语
+ T" B* q0 t8 M* S　　(2)弄清楚非谓语动词与逻辑主语的主被动关系
　　(3) 弄清楚非谓语动词与主句动词的时间关系
　　练习：
* ]# {, ~, `) o　　1. The old writer could not sleep at night, his wrongs and sorrows ____ him no peace.
5 H" b- n1 F, d' W% J　　A. gave
　　B. have given
/ W5 U1 G( B7 A: i6 f, r, Y8 }. b　　C. being given
　　D. giving
　　2. Television has become as major instrument of communication, ____ us to see as well as to hear all kinds of programmes.
　　A. to permit
　　B. permitted
　　C. being permitting
　　D. permitting
　　3. The decision ____, what is to be done now is how to carry it out.
' S' O2 P* H7 l* G　　A. been made
　　B. has been made
　　C. having been made
! L5 p9 R; O& }9 s0 u7 d　　D. having been making
; j1 K7 n2 |) `: M1 \6 f! y　　4. Some people are sitting on the grass; others are strolling along the lake side, _____.
6 l9 j/ p" b3 i1 T- I7 R1 K　　A. chatting and to laugh
- d; A' P# U. _6 z8 P  u& W　　B. to chat and to laugh
) E8 x  o7 g! `　　C. chatting and laughing
　　D. chatting and laughed
　　5. I was overjoyed at the news of my hometown ____ so much progress.
　　A. to make
- e+ r. Q: i/ z* c　　B. to have made
4 [+ U. L* O  f/ F; e5 b　　C. made
　　D. having made
　　答案：1-5DDCCD